GMAT逻辑(炒鸡肝的干货,私藏分享哦)
马赛曲第二音符
以下内容由北京雷哥GMAT老师提供,满满干货哦~! Lawyer大神在逻辑圣经(就是把LSAT 的OG翻译过来了而已...)里问过这样一个问题: “在考场里做逻辑题时是按平时分析题的思路去做题吗?” 我个人的观点是No, 很明显在那样一种题目压力和时间压力下,你是来不及做到把每一题都分析透彻的,在考场上做逻辑题,更多的是靠一种感觉,这种感觉和语法题做多所形成的“语法洁癖”是同类事物。 这种感觉怎么形成?自然不是靠我们去猜,这里我就大概说一说我对于这种感觉的理解, 首先看问题,看问题的目的在于: (1)你知道这是一种什么题型,是需要我们分清条件和结论(非MUST BE TRUE/CANNOT BE TRUE/RESOLVE THE DESCREPANCY题目)还是需要(MUST BE TRUE/CANNOT BE TRUE/RESOLVE THE DESCREPANCY); (2)你知道我们需要加强或者削弱的目标是什么!!!常规题会让我们去削弱和加强结论,但是我是见过有让我们去加强和削弱evidence的题目,而不是结论!!在条件结论题型下继续确定这是加强题还是削弱体,是加强题立马反应正确选项是要帮我们去证明结论(或者指定的那个部分)是对的,而削弱则是让我们证明结论(或者指定的那个部分)是有问题。 之后开始梳理逻辑链 在脑中形成因为(直接前提)所以(结论)的推理结构。 梳理完毕,进入筛选选项阶段,第一步 预测答案 比如读出了文章当中有明显的gap,那么答案一定会在这个gap上做文章,然而如果仅仅只能预测一个大概,首选有关无关进行排查, 我们说无关选项的特点一定是与原文当中条件 结论 以及他们之间所对应的影响关系没有半毛钱的选项,他们可以很扯,不难判断,最后一步则是在几个可疑的选项中进行比对。其实有很多题可以进行验证以保证万无一失,比如加强题的公式是(Premise+AC-Conclusion) 削弱体(Premise+AC 否定 Conclusion)或者Assumption里的取否削弱都是验证最后答案的方法。 演示一题: 1.It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry. This dose not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young adults who are about to get married have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life, most notably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above? A.Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.(思考,这句话和“不结婚也能使人活的长”之间有联系吗?并没有!) B.A married person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with the same habit who is unmarried.(婚姻会让人如何。。如何。。) C.A person who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage, and the same is true for people who drink alcohol immoderately.(无关) D.Among people who marry as young adults, most of those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume the habit later in life. (婚姻会让人如何如何) E.Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long as those who marry. (习惯好,即便不结婚也活得长,支持) 找出premise 和conclusion A:准备结婚的男男女女有更少的不良习惯 B:并不是婚姻使人活得更长 我们一定要知道strengthen类型的题,它想支持的是作者的观点,如果premise和conclusion没有很强的因果关系,则立马从选项里找一个能帮助作者说话或帮助作者证明结论的答案,也就是说找一个选项帮我们证明确实并不是婚姻使人活的很长。
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