司考其他之法律英语篇

Silver

Silver(想做个英语学习论坛！) 组长
2011-11-22 12:44:20

×
加入小组后即可参加投票
  • Silver

    Silver (想做个英语学习论坛！) 组长 楼主 2011-11-22 12:45:40

    1.链接1的原文：由种种法律英语证书所想到的 转自“淡定的法律”博客

    今天才知道法律英语也是有证书的。在此，就把LEC、ILEC、TOLES做个对比吧。

    外语能力一直是衡量法律职业者素质和专业水平的一个重要方面，特别是经济全球化和我国对外开放不断深入的新形势对法律工作者的英语能力提出了更高的要求。然而，由于法律英语的特殊性，国内一直没有一个科学的考核指标衡量法律从业人员专业英语的掌握程度。法律英语证书（Legal English Certificate，简称LEC）全国统一考试的推出填补了国内相关领域的空白。 法律英语证书全国统一考试委员会依托中国政法大学和北京外国语大学具体组织考试工作，旨在为从事涉外业务的企业、律师事务所提供招募国际性人才的客观标准，同时督促国内法律从业人员提高专业英语水平。 法律英语证书考试的题型、考察内容与美国的律师资格考试相近，同时又突出了法律英语语言运用的特色，并结合中国的实际增加了法律英语翻译测试。公检法机关和企事业单位从事涉外法务工作人员；从事涉外法务的律师，公司法律部门的从业人员；高等院校法律、英语、经贸等专业学生；愿意从事法律英语教学的教师以及社会上一切法律英语爱好者均可参加法律英语证书（LEC）考试。该考试证书是从事涉外法律服务工作人员专业英语水平权威证明，通过考试并取得LEC证书也是赴美攻读法学专业及取得美国律师职业资格的可靠保证。 法律英语证书考试每年举行两次，分别在5月份和12月份的最后一个周六举行，目前已在北京、上海、广州等城市设主考点，法律英语证书（LEC）全国统一考试委员会全面负责组考工作。考试不受年龄、性别、职业、地区、学历等限制，持本人有效身份证件即可报名参加考试。

    剑桥法律英语国际证书（International Legal English Certificate）是由剑桥大学考试委员会ESOL（English for Speakers of Other Languages）考试部与欧洲主要的律师语言学家协会（Translegal）共同研发的一种职业英语证书。于2006年5月全球推出。剑桥ESOL是世界知名的考试机构，雅思（IELTS）和剑桥商务英语（BEC）考试的研发者。该证书现已被欧洲公司律师公会、欧洲法律专业学生协会、国际青年律师公会及欧洲青年律师公会认可。ILEC为从事法律行业的人士或法律专业的大学生与研究生提供职业生涯发展和提升的助力。目前在中国，北外和上海Legal Union可以代理报名和培训。

    ILEC考察证书申请人在法律领域运用英语的能力，分为听力（40分钟）、阅读（75分钟）、写作（75分钟）和口语（16分钟）四个部分。语言等级相当于雅思（IELTS）5.0-7.0分。成绩分为三个及格等级和两个不及格等级。

    TOLES，全称“Test of Legal English Skills”，也就是TOLES法律英语水平考试。

    TOLES法律英语水平考试是由世界知名的英语培训专家和法律领域资深的专家共同合作开发的，其目的是满足律师事务所、公司、法律机构、律师和法律系学生测评个人法律英语水平的需要。多家律师事务所和法律机构会定期进行磋商，对TOLES考试进行修订，使其适应当前法律行业的变化。

    法律英语水平考试分为基础、中级和高级3个级别。通过参加TOLES考试，可以测试律师在法律行业从业以及学生在英美法学院就读所具备的英语语言能力。因此，TOLES考试并不是英国或美国的法律考试，而是考察掌握最新法律英语知识的实用性的语言能力测试，考试题目和词汇涉及当今全球商务活动。

    考生应该根据自身的英语水平和法律知识水平选择相应的考试，而不是三个考试全都参加。词汇测试是最为基础的，也能为考生的法律英语技能奠定良好的基础，所以建议希望提高自身法律英语水平的考生都能达到TOLES Foundation的词汇水平。请谨记，和流利程度一样，准确性对于一个法律事务所来说，是同等重要的。

    笔者的观点：TOLES是最权威的，也是最能得到全球承认的，也是考试机制最健全的。ILEC是2006年兴起的，与TOLES相比，知名度欠佳，但前景不错。LEC完全就是中国自己搞的一套，笔者认为这完全是没有含金量的，并且高额的考试费简直就是赤裸裸的剥削（880元）。托福和雅思风靡全球了，但中国四六级的考试根本出不了国门。现在国外又有TOLES和ILEC了，中国立马又发明一个自己的LEC。我就搞不懂，人家的英语是母语，当然是法律英语的权威。而我们的母语是汉语，却又为什么总是像跟屁虫一样在语言考试上还要和人家臭美？

    我期待的不是一个有中国特色的法律英语考试，这听起来本来就很荒谬，英语考试居然还有中国特色？！我所期待的，是有朝一日我们的汉语水平考试能像托福雅思一样风靡全球，为世界所公认。这不是靠全国统一考试委员会那帮靠税收生活的公务员们拍拍脑袋就能想出来的，而是要靠中国自身的强大。要让世界接受你的语言，首要任务就是先要让世界对你刮目相看！

  • Silver

    Silver (想做个英语学习论坛！) 组长 楼主 2011-11-24 13:57:04

    2. LEC官方网站及相关信息节选，官方网址：http://www.lectest.com/ 1）LEC：法律英语证书，英文全称：Legal English Certificate 2）考试时间：每年举行两次，分别在5月份和12月份的最后一个周六举行 3）考点城市：北京、上海、广州、重庆、杭州、济南等城市设考点（官网说明） 4）考试资格：持本人有效身份证件即可报名参加考试 5）考试费用：每位考生统一收取考试费人民币880元；交纳考试费用一律通过网上支付方式进行 6）报名方式：考生登录LEC考试官方网站（http://www.lectest.com）进行网上报名。网上报名需提交本人电子版近期免冠彩色证件照（照片像素要求为567×390，即高567像素、宽390像素的小二寸证件照规格；JPEG格式，即照片图片文件的扩展名为"jpg"或者"jpeg"）。 7）分数线、成绩公布及证书颁发：LEC试卷总分200分。主、客观两卷得分分别不低于60分，且总分达130分以上为及格；主、客观两卷得分分别不低于80分，且总分达170分以上为优秀。考试结束30天后公布成绩并颁发证书。 8）考试大纲： 考试分试卷一和试卷二，各需三个小时完成。试卷一为选择题。试卷二是主观题，包括案件阅读、翻译和法务写作三项。 现将试卷结构列出，以供参考： 试卷（一）， 客观题（单项选择题），共100题，每题1分。 本部分试题有以下两部分内容组成：美国法基本知识（90-95%）和逻辑推理（5-10%）. 难易程度比例设置：容易题目占50%，中等难度试题占30%，高难度试题占20%。 (1)、美国法基础知识，各部门法题量比例： 1 合同法 10-15% 2 宪法 2-5% 3 侵权法 10-15% 4 证据法 5-10% 5 民事程序法 2-5% 6 刑事程序法 2-5% 7 知识产权法 5-10% 8 商事组织法 5-10% 9 证券法 2-5% 10 票据法 2-5% 11 财产法 10-15% 12 刑法 5-10% 13 法律词汇、术语 5-10% (2)、逻辑推理 （5-10%） 试卷（二）， 主观题，有案例阅读、翻译和法务写作三部分组成。各部分分数分别为25分、40分和35分。 难易程度比例设置：中等难度试题占80%，高难度试题占20% (1)、案例阅读 （case reading and comprehension）共25分 本部分试题包括一篇美国真实案例。要求应试者在准确、快速阅读案例后，根据获得的案例中的信息简略回答有关问题。 (2)、翻译（Translation）共40分 本试题有两部分组成，Section A 为中译英，Section B 为英译中，各占20分。 (3)、法务写作（Legal Writing）共35分 本部分试题要求应试者根据所给信息，用英文撰写律师函、法律备忘录（Law Office Memo）或根据所提供的案例，代表某一方写一篇案件辩论书（Brief）等。 9）指定教材：http://www.lectest.com/xyfw.asp?id=44
  • Silver

    Silver (想做个英语学习论坛！) 组长 楼主 2011-11-24 13:59:46

    1. 试卷一 本题为单项选择题，限时180分钟。
    2. Bill of Rights

    a. Domestic federal legislation. b. Legal protection against interference of rights by private individuals. c. A popular name given to the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution. d. The federal constitutional provision which grants rights to state governments. 2. Standing a. Abbreviation of “notwithstanding” b. The ability to bring a lawsuit because of a party’s actual injury for which the court can provide a remedy. c. The ripeness of a case or controversy. d. The status of a person, group, or organization appearing as a “friend of the court.” 3. Consideration a. Process of judicial deliberation before rendering a decision in a contested case. b. The lengthy recitals of “boilerplate” language appearing in many contracts. c. The inducement to enter a contract, and a necessary element to prove the validity of a contract. d. The detrimental reliance of an offeree. 4. Promissory Estoppel a. A failure to prosecute a civil or criminal action. b. Power to make an offer to the public rather than a specific individual. c. Equitable doctrine recognized as substitute for consideration in some cases. d. Ability of an agent to bind a principal in matters beyond the scope pf agency. 5. Punitive Damages a. Damages to compensate for injury . b. Civil damages meant to punish the wrongdoer for causing injury. c. “Nominal” or minimal damages. d. Non-monetary damages, such as an injunction (injunctive relief) or” specific injunction (injunctive relief) or “specific performance” of a contract obligation. 6. When airplanes fly over your home, are your property rights violated? a. No, never. b. Normally, no, unless the flights are low and frequent. c. Yes, because you own all the air above your home, into outer space. d. Normally, no, based on your right to quiet use and enjoyment of the property. 7. Venue a. The street or avenue where a courthouse can often be found. b. Diversity of citizenship. c. The dates of a trial. d. The location of a trial. 8. Deposition a. A tool of discovery used before trial. b. Statements made by a witness on the witness stand during trial (also known as “trial testimony”). c. The position a defendant is placed in while waiting for a trial. d. The court’s resolution of a case. 9. Generally speaking, a limited partnership may be dissolved by which of the following events or occurrences? a. By the filing of a certificate of limited partnership. b. By a relocation of the partnership. c. By the marriage of a limited partner. d. By the bankruptcy of a general partner. 10. A corporation is a legal entity: a. created by the local government. b. created and recognized by an entrepreneurial agency. c. managed internally by the federal government. d. created and recognized by state law in most cases. 11. Jurisdiction a. A geographic area, used primarily for determining eligibility to vote. b. The presence of a defendant in a state where he or she can be served with a summons or a subpoena. c. The power of the executive branch to enforce the judgments of the courts. d. The power and authority of a court or other body to render judgment in a case. 12.Paralegal a. A secondary source of law. b. A lawyer’s assistant. c. One who holds an advanced law degree. d. A law student. 13. Kirby Construction Co. in preparing its bid for the construction a new hospital received a quotation of $120,000 from Kat’s Interiors Inc．who offered to do the kitchen work in the new hospital．This bid was $30，000 lower than Kirby’s next lowest bid for the kitchen work．As a result，Kirby lowered his bid by $20，000 before submitting it to the hospital board．After Kirby was awarded the construction bid，and had accepted Kat's offer, Kat’s president discovered that in his preparation of the quotation he had overlooked some subsidiary kitchen installments required by the plans． Immediately thereafter, Kat’s Interiors brings suit for rescission of the contract．They should (A)succeed，because of the unilateral mistake (B)not succeed，unless Kirby knew or should have known of Kat's error (C)succeed，because the mistake was an essential element of the bargain (D)not succeed，since the computation mistake was antecedent to acceptance of the bid 14. In disputes over whether a partnership exists, which of the following is NOT considered to be an essential element? (A) An equal right in the management of the business. (B) The sharing of profits or losses. (C) The consultation on business strategy. (D) Joint ownership in the business. 15. This jurisdiction makes suicide a crime. Jilly, a day trader, is despondent over a failed marriage and catastrophic financial losses during the recent 2,000 point drop in the Nasdaq stock exchange. Jilly went up to the roof of her fourth story apartment building and decided to jump off. She landed on top of two pedestrians, Alex and Jean Pietro, who cushioned her fall and saved her life. Unfortunately, Alex and Jean Pietro were seriously injured when Jilly crashed on top of them. Jilly is guilty of (A) battery (B) attempted murder (C) attempted manslaughter (D) reckless endangerment 16. The Commonwealth of Delmarva has passed a law that provides that only residents of Delmarva who are citizens of the United States can own agricultural land in the state. Delp, a citizen of the United States who resides in the neighboring state of Agoura, has contracted with Barerra to purchase the latter’s farm which is located in Delmarva. Barrera, who is a resident of Delmarva, has been informed by his attorney that his sales agreement with Delp is null and void under state law. Which of the following is the best constitutional argument to contest the validity of the Delmarva statute? (A) The Contract Clause prohibition against a state from enacting any law that will impair the obligation of contracts. (B) The Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. (C) The Privileges and Immunities Clause under Article IV, Section 2. (D) The national property power provision under Article IV, Section 3. 17. Alice is sitting on her front porch watching her husband Bruce，who is mowing the lawn．Carl，who hates Bruce but is a friend of Alice’s，whose presence is known to him，draws a pistol and threatens to kill Bruce．Alice，who is pregnant，Suffers severe emotional distress as a result of the trauma and soon afterwards has a miscarriage． In an action by Alice against Carl for mental anguish resulting in her miscarriage，Alice will (A)lose，because Carl did not know that Alice was pregnant (B)win，because it is highly probable that Carl’s extreme and outrageous conduct would cause emotional distress to Alice (C)lose，because Carl's actions were directed against Bruce，so only Bruce may recover for emotional distress (D)win，because she is Bruce's wife 18. Clyde Cooch, a prominent judge, lived next door to Lester Biggs．Recently Judge Cooch had sentenced Lester Biggs' son, Dopey, to six months in prison on a narcotics charge．One afternoon while judge Cooch was mowing his lawn，Lester decided to avenge his son's conviction．Lester set up his water sprinkler behind some shrubbery separating their adjoining properties．As the judge was mowing his lawn and came within reach of the water sprinkler, Lester turned on the sprinkling device，and doused the judge with water． Judge Cooch would be able to recover against Lester for which of the following tort(s)： (A) negligence (B) battery (C) assault and battery (D) battery and trespass 19. Cassie and her four-year-old son，Noah，were Christmas shopping at F.A.O. Schwartz Toy Store in midtown Manhattan．F.A.O. Schwartz，which operates one of New York's largest retail toy stores，sells a complete array of toys，games，dolls，hobbies and crafts．The iterns were displayed on a variety of tables and shelves which were easily accessible to the customers．While Cassie was walking down one of the aisles，her attention became focused on a "Howdy Doody” doll that was prominently exhibited on an overhead display shelf．When Cassie approached the doll display, she reached up to grab the "Howdy Doody" doll．As she did so, Cassie failed to see a “Buffalo Bob” doll lying on the floor．She tripped over the doll and fell down, fracturing her hip． If Cassie asserts a claim against F.A.O. Schwartz for her injuries，will the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur be applicable on the issue of the toy store's liability? (A)Yes，because Cassie was a business invitee on the premises of the toy store． (B)Yes，because F.A.O. Schwarfz was in control of the premises at the time of the accident． (C)No, because the "Buffalo Bob" doll may have been dislodged by another customer． (D)No，unless the “Buffalo Bob” doll had been displayed on the edge of the shelf in a negligent manner by one of F.A.O. Schwartz's employees． 20. Amos is the owner in fee simple of Blackacre. a 7-acre tract, on which he maintains a dwelling house for himself and his family．Adjoining Blackacre is Whiteacre，a 10-acre tract，owned by Andy．In order to gain access to the highway, Amos has an easement to cross over Whiteacre． Amos has recently purchased Greenacre，a 12-acre tract，which abuts Whiteacre but is not appurtenant to Blackacre. Amos has begun constructing a farmhouse on Greenacre and is using the existing easement (across Whiteacre) to gain access to the 12-acre tract．Amos has never received permission from Andy to use the road across Whiteacre to gain access to Greenacre． In an appropriate action by Andy to enjoin Amos from using the existing easement to gain access to Greenacre，the plaintiff will most likely (A)succeed，because Amos is making use of the servient tenement beyond the scope and extent of the easement as it was originally created (B)succeed，because Amos has no right to use the servient tenement in connection with a tract of land which is not part of the dominant tenement (C)not succeed，because Amos has an easement by necessity (D)not succeed，because Amos has a right to use the easement in a manner not inconsistent with the rights of the owner of the servient tenement

    试卷二

    本卷包括案例阅读、翻译、写作三部分，共限时180分钟

    1. Case Reading Comprehension Read the case carefully and answer the questions followed briefly
      (略)
    2. Translation

    (1)Please translate the following paragraph into English 根据中国银监会的资料，截至2004年12月31日，中国境内共有12家持有全国性银行执照的股份制商业银行。截至同一日期，就总资产规模而言，本银行是这些银行中最大的。一般而言，股份制商业银行的股东架构各不相同，包括（但不限于）当地政府实体及国有企业。这些股份制商业银行大多数是在八十年代后期和九十年代初期组建，整体市场份额逐年增加，而四大银行的市场份额逐年下降。根据中国银监会的资料，截至2004年12月31日，这些银行占中国金融机构总资产约14.9%。 (2) Please translate the following paragraph into Chinese 2-202. Final Written Expression: Parol or Extrinsic Evidence. Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to such terms as are included therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any prior agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented (a) by course of dealing or usage of trade (Section 1-205) or by course of performance (Section 2-208); and (b) by evidence of consistent additional terms unless the court finds the writing to have been intended also as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement . 3. Writing Suppose you were Marie Lin, a lawyer of SHICHENG LAW FIRM, you have known that Max Chen wants to retain a legal consulting firm from a friend. Now, please write a letter to Max Chen, persuade him to choose your law firm. You also send him your firm brochure. Max Chen’s address: ABC corporation, Cyber Tower, Suite 119, Haidian, Beijing, China. Please pay more attention to format of your letter.

  • [已注销]

    [已注销] 2013-01-10 18:31:22

    [内容不可见]

  • feiafei

    feiafei (我得找点方向) 2015-01-03 16:56:02

    那在中国考哪个比较实用？做法律翻译的话。。。

  • 杏萑吉加子

    杏萑吉加子 (想太多心累，吃太多牙疼。) 2016-11-07 14:27:37

    最近一直在找关于法律英语的相关，po主太棒，紧紧抱住！！！

  • 杏萑吉加子

    杏萑吉加子 (想太多心累，吃太多牙疼。) 2016-11-07 14:29:51

    另外，第一个链接打不开，因为是非公开小组，po主是否可以拉我进去哇~

你的回复

回复请先 , 或 注册

备战司法考试必胜小组
7169 人聚集在这个小组

相关内容推荐

最新讨论  ( 更多 )

↑回顶部