路过的女汉子，请留下你珍贵的痕迹：让“女性经济学”发挥威力

　　I have no idea who first coined the word 'Abenomics.' It was not my original term for the set of anti-deflation, growth-promotion policies I am now pursuing. 　　I do know, however, who first promoted one concept that is a vital component of Abenomics: 'Womenomics.' In 1999, Kathy Matsui and her colleagues at Goldman Sachs first advocated that Japan could increase its gross domestic product by as much as 15% simply by tapping further its most underutilized resource -- Japanese women. 　　Fourteen years have elapsed since then, and the idea has finally entered Japan's political lexicon. Womenomics will feature prominently in my address on Thursday at the United Nations General Assembly. Unleashing the potential of Womenomics is an absolute must if Japan's growth is to continue. Womenomics also holds the key to enhancing growth in Africa, an economic powerhouse in the making. 　　Japan is a country with a shrinking population caused by a seemingly intractable decline in its birthrate. But Womenomics offers a solution with its core tenet that a country that hires and promotes more women grows economically, and no less important, demographically as well. 　　In 2010, Ms. Matsui and her colleagues wrote: 'Contrary to popular opinion, higher female employment could actually help raise, not lower, fertility rates.' Proposals to boost female employment and grow Japanese families include 'expanded daycare and nursing care services, implementation of flexible work arrangements, [and] more objective evaluation and compensation systems.' 　　My government's growth plan forecasts that a 2% increase in productivity over the mid to long term will produce, in 10 years, an average of 2% in real (inflation-adjusted) GDP growth and 3% in nominal GDP growth. To achieve this, we must capitalize on the power of women. We have set the goal of boosting women's workforce participation from the current 68% to 73% by the year 2020. Japanese women earn, on average, 30.2% less than men (compared with 20.1% in the U.S. and just 0.2% in the Philippines). We must bridge this equality gap. 　　The target year 2020 will coincide with the return of the Olympics to Tokyo. I am determined that by that time Japan's boardrooms will be enhanced by a greatly increased number of female directors. I will do all that I can to facilitate this change. 　　Womenomics also has a vital role to play in Africa. For Africa, food scarcity and malnutrition remain long-standing challenges. Donor countries have made efforts to boost food production, but my government aims to go one step further, enabling a transition beyond subsistence agriculture to agriculture that puts money in farmers' pockets. This can be achieved only through empowering women, the primary farm labor force in Africa. 　　A case in point is what the Japanese development specialist Jiro Aikawa has achieved among female African farmers. As a young member of the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers -- Japan's equivalent of the U.S. Peace Corps -- Mr. Aikawa worked in Tanzania as a volunteer agricultural instructor. Through his involvement in African agriculture, he has succeeded in doubling the incomes of 2,500 farmers in Kenya. Africa's agriculture will not grow strong unless Africa's women are first empowered, and unless Africa's agriculture is made robust, Africa itself will not thrive. This is his conviction. 　　One of Mr. Aikawa's strategies is to promote women farmers' understanding of the consumer market: He encourages them to visit small village markets to monitor what is selling well so that they can then efficiently produce high-value agricultural products. The goal is to move beyond agriculture that merely enables the farmer to eat, to agriculture that enables the farmer to earn money. 　　That strategy and other ways of helping farmers develop and implement their own action plans are part of what is known as the Smallholder Horticulture Empowerment Project, or SHEP. Japan is preparing to promote this model in 10 countries in Africa. It is Womenomics for Africa. All this is part of Japan's commitment to support growth in Africa over the next five years through public and private partnerships totaling $32 billion. 　　I will make other proposals at the U.N. for further empowering women and will promise to spend more than $3 billion in the three years to come solely for that purpose -- all in the firm belief that Japan, Africa and countries around the world can benefit. 　　我不知道是谁首先创造了“安倍经济学”(Abenomics)这个词，它并不是我对目前实施的抗通缩和促增长政策的最初叫法。 　　但我知道是谁首先推动了安倍经济学一个重要理念——“女性经济学”(Womenomics)——的产生。1999年，Kathy Matsui和她在高盛(Goldman Sachs)的同事首先提出，仅仅通过进一步利用日本未充分使用的资源——日本女性，日本就可以使国内生产总值(GDP)至多增长15%。 　　自那以来已经过去14年了，这个观点终于进入到日本的政治辞典中。周四我将在联合国大会(United Nations General Assembly)上发表的演讲将着重谈到女性经济学。女性经济学对促进非洲增长也至关重要，非洲是一个正在形成中的经济引擎。 　　日本正面临人口萎缩的问题，这是看起来难以解决的出生率下降的问题导致的。但女性经济学提供了一个解决方式，其核心观点是如果一个国家有更多女性得到雇佣和提拔，这个国家不仅能实现经济增长，同样重要的，还能实现人口增长。 　　2010年，Kathy Matsui和她的同时写到，与普遍观点相反，女性就业率上升实际上会提高而不是降低出生率。在提高女性就业率的同时实现日本家庭人口增长的方法包括扩大日托和护理服务、实施弹性工作安排以及更客观的绩效评估及薪酬体系。 　　本届政府的增长计划预计中长期内生产率如果提高2%，则将在10年内令经通胀调整的实际GDP和名义GDP的平均增幅分别达到2%和3%。为了实现这一预期，我们必须利用女性的力量。我们已经制定了到2020年将女性的劳动参与率从当前的68%提高至73%的目标。目前日本女性的平均薪资比男性低30.2%，相比之下，在美国和菲律宾，女人平均薪资分别比男人低20.1%和0.2%。我们必须缩小这一差距。 　　2020年这个目标年份将与东京再次举办奥运会的时间重合。我决意到那时使日本公司董事会中女董事的数量实现大幅增长。我将尽我所能来让这一改变成为现实。 　　女性经济学在非洲也扮演着重要角色。对非洲来说，食品短缺和营养不良仍然是长期存在的挑战。捐赠国已经采取措施来帮助那里进行食品生产，但日本政府致力于采取进一步措施，使非洲实现从生存农业向创收农业转变。要想实现这个想法，只能通过向女性赋权，她们是非洲农业劳动力的主力军。 　　日本的发展专家Jiro Aikawa在非洲女性农民中取得的成效是一个很好的例子。作为日本青年海外协力队(Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers)(日本一个与美国和平队(U.S. Peace Corps)类似的组织)的年轻成员，Aikawa曾在坦桑尼亚担任过志愿农业指导者。通过在非洲农业领域进行的努力，他成功将肯尼亚2,500名农民的收入提高了一倍。除非非洲女性首先得到赋权，否则非洲农业就无法实现强劲增长，而除非非洲农业实现繁荣，否则非洲就无法走向兴旺。这就是他的信念。 　　Aikawa的一个策略是让女性农民了解消费者市场，他鼓励她们参观小型农村市场，注意哪些产品卖的好，这样她们就可以高效率地生产高价值农业产品。目标是推动非洲农业从让农民填饱肚子的农业转变为能为农民创收的农业。 　　这个策略和其他帮助农民开发和实施自己的行动计划的措施是小规模园艺农民组织加强项目(Smallholder Horticulture Empowerment Project)的一部分。日本准备在非洲10个国家推广这个模式。这是非洲的女性经济学。所有这些都是日本一项承诺的组成部分，这个承诺即通过总计320亿美元的公共和私人合作项目在未来五年支持非洲的经济增长。 　　我将在联合国提出其他将进一步给予妇女支持的计划，并将承诺在未来三年支出逾30亿美元专门用于实现这一目的，我坚信这些措施会使日本、非洲乃至全球国家受益。 　　原文来自：http://www.xabonni.com转载需注明