【完】电影术语：预告片 之“构成部分” by sakura9

构成部分 Trailers tell the story of a movie in a highly condensed fashion that must have maximum appeal. In the decades since movie marketing has become a large industry, trailers have become highly polished pieces of advertising, able to present even poor movies in an attractive light. Some of the elements common to many trailers are listed below. * Studio production logos are usually featured near the beginning of the trailer. Until the late 1970s, they were put only at the end of the trailer. Often there will be logos for both the production company and distributor of the film. * Most trailers have a three-act structure similar to a feature-length film. They start with a beginning (act 1) that lays out the premise of the story. The middle (act 2) drives the story further and usually ends with a dramatic climax. Act 3 usually features a strong piece of "signature music" (either a recognizable song or a powerful, sweeping orchestral piece). This last act often consists of a visual montage of powerful and emotional moments of the film and may also contain a cast run if there are noteworthy stars that could help sell the movie. * Voice-over narration is used to briefly set up the premise of the movie and provide explanation when necessary. Since the trailer is a highly condensed format, voice-over is a useful tool to enhance the audience's understanding of the plot. Some of the best-known trailer voice-over artists are Don LaFontaine, Andy Geller, Hal Douglas, Mark Elliott, George DelHoyo, Peter Cullen, Patrick Ibizugbe and Ashton Smith. Classic voice-over artists in movie trailers of the 1950s and 1960s included Art Gilmore, Fred Foy, Karl Weber, and Bob Marcato. Prior to the voice-over, Hollywood trailers were renowned for clichés such as "Colossal!", "Stupendous!", etc. Most trailer voice-overs are performed by men with very deep voices: there are hardly any featuring female voice-overs.[citation needed] * Music helps set the tone and mood of the trailer. Usually the music used in the trailer is not from the film itself (the film score may not have been composed yet). The music used in the trailer may be: o Music from the score of other movies o Popular or well-known music, often chosen for its tone, appropriateness of a lyric, or recognizability. Hans Zimmer's music has been the most used in trailers. o "Library" music previously composed specifically to be used in advertising by an independent composer o Specially composed music. One of the most famous Hollywood trailer music composers is John Beal, who began scoring trailers in the 1970s and, in the course of a thirty-year career, created original music for over 2,000 movie trailer projects, including 40 of the top-grossing films of all time, such as Star Wars, Forrest Gump, Titanic, Aladdin, The Last Samurai and The Matrix. o Songs, which may include knock-offs of recognizable (but expensive to license) songs * A cast run is a list of the stars that appear in the movie. If the director or producer is well-known or has made other popular movies, they often warrant a mention as well. * Most trailers conclude with a billing block, which is a list of the principal cast and crew. It is the same list that appears on posters and print publicity materials, and also usually appears on-screen at the beginning (or end) of the movie. * Sound mix: many movie trailers are presented in Dolby Digital or any other multichannel sound mix. Dramatic explosions and music in multichannel sound are therefore likely to feature during a movie trailer. * Video resolution: movie trailers are presented in the same resolution as the feature film. On HDTV channels (such as Universal HD) movie trailers are presented in HDTV and Dolby Digital 5.1 Sound. 【完】