生命之歌Apologia pro Vita Sua翻译
人生不如意者，十之八九，可对人言无二三。
工作压力于是沉迷游戏，周身困乏却也冷落了妻。
想来此生梦想而今不过三四件：
成婚、养子、译书、修道。
得良言金作，危坐而译之，感先贤之千言酝于我胸中，
此吾生之大快。
不知何时虎头蛇尾，且译起，得一时之快乐。
Apologia pro Vita Sua (1865)
John Henry Newman
Revised October, 2001—NR.
生命之歌（1865）
真福 约翰·亨利·纽曼 枢机
Preface
{xiv} I make this extract from the first edition of my Apologia, Part 1, pp. 3, 20-25, and Part 2, pp. 29-31 and 41-51, in order to set before the reader the drift I had in writing my Volume:—
{xiv}我从《生命之歌*》第一版,Part 1第1部分3，20 - 25页和Part 2第二部分29-31和 41-51中节选了这部分出来。为要给读者在阅读前一个关于我此篇作品的综述：
（*原文作Apologia，辩护，和护教学、卫道学为同一词。）
I CANNOT be sorry to have forced my Accuser to bring out in fulness his charges against me. It is far better that he should discharge his thoughts upon me in my lifetime, than after I am dead. Under the circumstances I am happy in having the opportunity of reading the worst that can be said of me by a writer who has taken pains with his work and is well satisfied with it. I account it a gain to be surveyed from without by one who hates the principles which are nearest to my heart, has no personal knowledge of me to set right his misconceptions of my doctrine, and who has some motive or other to be as severe with me as he can possibly be ...
强迫我的原告拿出他那充实的对我的指控，对此我不能表示歉意。在我的有生之年他务必指明他对我的看法，这样也远比等到我死后再说要好得多。在这种情况下，我很高兴有机会能读到指责我的最差的文字，可以说那可是一位为事业深感种种痛苦却对这些文字心悦诚服的作家的大作。我又将它细细数算了一遍，以求一个也不漏的查明那些厌恶那深得我心的经句，无我个人知识确又有对我教导的误解，以及一些动机或其他尽可能重伤我的…
But I really feel sad for what I am obliged now to say. I am in warfare with him, but I wish him no ill;—it is very difficult to get up resentment towards persons whom one has never seen. It is easy enough to be irritated with friends or foes vis-à-vis; but, though I am writing with all my heart against what he has said of me, I am not conscious of personal unkindness towards himself. I think it necessary to write as I am writing, for my own sake, and for the sake of the Catholic Priesthood; but I wish to impute nothing worse to him than that he has {xv} been furiously carried away by his feelings. Yet what shall I say of the upshot of all this talk of my economies and equivocations and the like? What is the precise work which it is directed to effect? I am at war with him; but there is such a thing as legitimate warfare: war has its laws; there are things which may fairly be done, and things which may not be done. I say it with shame and with stern sorrow;—he has attempted a great transgression; he has attempted (as I may call it) to poison the wells. I will quote him and explain what I mean ... He says,—
但我真的感到悲哀，为此我不得不说。我在与他的战争中，但我希望他并无贵恙；——人很难对那些从来没有见过的人产生如此的不满。被朋友或敌人面对面激怒再容易不过了，但是，虽然我殚精竭虑的用全心来反驳他说我写我的话，但是我却不感到对他人的无情。我觉得有必要写如我所写的，为了我自己，和天主教圣职的缘故；但我希望把他没有更糟,他已{xv} 疯狂地被他的情绪摆布。然而,这一切谈论我的经济，含糊其词以及类似的结果，我还有什么可说的？这么精确的工作的直接效果又是什么？我在与他争战，但有这样一件事使之成为合情合理的战争：战争也有它的规则；有当做的事情，也有不当做的事情。我说的是羞耻和严苛的不幸之事，他曾试图一个严重的错误，他曾试图（我可以称之为）往井里投毒。我将引用他的话，并解释我的意思...他说，——
"I am henceforth in doubt and fear, as much as any honest man can be, concerning every word Dr. Newman may write. How can I tell that I shall not be the dupe of some cunning equivocation, of one of the three kinds laid down as permissible by the blessed Alfonso da Liguori and his pupils, even when confirmed by an oath, because 'then we do not deceive our neighbour, but allow him to deceive himself?' … It is admissible, therefore, to use words and sentences which have a double signification, and leave the hapless hearer to take which of them he may choose. What proof have I, then, that by 'mean it? I never said it!' Dr. Newman does not signify, I did not say it, but I did mean it?"—Pp. 44, 45.
“从今以后，我在怀疑和恐惧，不亚于任何一个诚实的人那样，担心纽曼博士写的每一个字。我该怎么说我不能当一个被狡诈的含糊其辞欺骗的人，那是被真福Alfonso da Liguori 和他的学生们所主张的三个论点之一。甚至在宣誓证实，因为“那么，我们不欺骗我们的邻居，但让他欺骗自己呢？” 若这是可接受的，那么为此那歧义的字句留给不幸的听众自己选择。我有什么证据呢？出自‘意思是这个？我没说这个！’纽曼博士没有暗示，我没说过，但是我意思如此。”——44，45页
Now these insinuations and questions shall be answered in their proper places; here I will but say that I scorn and detest lying, and quibbling, and double-tongued practice, and slyness, and cunning, and smoothness, and cant, and pretence, quite as much as any Protestants hate them; and I pray to be kept from the snare of them. But all this is just now by the bye; my present subject is my Accuser; what I insist upon here is this unmanly attempt of his, in his concluding pages, to cut the ground from under my feet;—to poison by anticipation the public mind against me, John Henry Newman, and to infuse {xvi} into the imaginations of my readers, suspicion and mistrust of everything that I may say in reply to him. This I call poisoning the wells.
现在这些影射和诘问，应在适当的地方回答，在这里我将不得不说，我蔑视和厌恶说谎，吹毛求疵的狡辩，和双舌的做法，诡秘，狡诈，能说会道的圆滑，言不由衷，和幌子，绝大多数新教徒都憎恶这些；我也祷告祈求要免于陷入它们的圈套。但是现在所有这一切都要说再见了，我现在的主题是我的冤家，我坚持主张这是他怯懦的企图，在总结页面削减我的立足之地；并通过预测公众心态来对我，约翰·亨利·纽曼，下毒。并将这毒之注入我读者的一切关于我如何回复他的幻觉、猜疑和不信任之中，这是我称之为往井里投毒。
"I am henceforth in doubt and fear," he says, "as much as any honest man can be, concerning every word Dr. Newman may write. How can I tell that I shall not be the dupe of some cunning equivocation?" ...
“从今以后，我在怀疑和恐惧，”他说，“不亚于任何一个诚实的人那样，纽曼博士写的每一个字。我该怎么说我不能当一个被狡诈的含糊其辞欺骗的人呢？” ...
Well, I can only say, that, if his taunt is to take effect, I am but wasting my time in saying a word in answer to his calumnies; and this is precisely what he knows and intends to be its fruit. I can hardly get myself to protest against a method of controversy so base and cruel, lest in doing so, I should be violating my self-respect and self-possession; but most base and most cruel it is. We all know how our imagination runs away with us, how suddenly and at what a pace;—the saying, "Caesar's wife should not be suspected," is an instance of what I mean. The habitual prejudice, the humour of the moment, is the turning-point which leads us to read a defence in a good sense or a bad. We interpret it by our antecedent impressions. The very same sentiments, according as our jealousy is or is not awake, or our aversion stimulated, are tokens of truth or of dissimulation and pretence. There is a story of a sane person being by mistake shut up in the wards of a Lunatic Asylum, and that, when he pleaded his cause to some strangers visiting the establishment, the only remark he elicited in answer was, "How naturally he talks! you would think he was in his senses." Controversies should be decided by the reason; is it legitimate warfare to appeal to the misgivings of the public mind and to its dislikings? Any how, if my accuser is able thus to practise upon my readers, the more I succeed, the less will be my success. If I am natural, he will tell them, "Ars est celare artem;" if I am convincing, he will suggest that I am an able logician; if I show warmth, I {xvii} am acting the indignant innocent; if I am calm, I am thereby detected as a smooth hypocrite; if I clear up difficulties, I am too plausible and perfect to be true. The more triumphant are my statements, the more certain will be my defeat....
好吧，我只能说，如果他的嘲讽生效了，我用以回应他诽谤的一个字，不过是浪费我的时间，并且这恰恰都是他知道的，也是他想要的结果。我很难让自己如此基础且残酷地对其争议方法抗议，为空如此做了将有碍我的自尊和淡定，但它确实是最基础和最残酷的。我们都知道我们的想象如白驹过隙，稍纵即逝，又在一念之间。有道是，“凯撒的妻子出乎意料，”是我的意思的一个实例。习惯性偏见，片刻的心境，是引领我们在阅读一篇辩护时产生好恶感的转折点。我们会用我们的成见来解释它。同样的观点，根据我们的嫉妒或者是不清醒，我们的被激起的厌恶感，成为真理的筹码或者虚伪掩饰的幌子。有一个故事，一个健全的人被错误的关在疯人院病房，当他向一群陌生的来访者描述他的由来时，他得到的唯一评价是，“谈吐自然！你会觉得他是在状态。”争议该因缘由而被裁定：这是为着呼吁公众心目中的疑虑和其厌恶之事的缘故而合情合理的争战吗？无论如何，如果我的原告是能因此而说服我的读者，我越成功，将越非我的成功。如果我天赋异秉，他会告诉他们，“这是欺瞒的艺术”；如果我有说服力的，他会说我是一个有点儿本事的逻辑学家；如果我展现热忱，我{xvii}是在装愤慨的无辜者；如果我镇定自若，因此我将被视为圆滑的伪君子；如果我解决了难题，我如此貌似可信和完美以至于不真实。我的声明越充满胜利的喜悦，作为我的失败某些指指点点越多。
未完待续
工作压力于是沉迷游戏，周身困乏却也冷落了妻。
想来此生梦想而今不过三四件：
成婚、养子、译书、修道。
得良言金作，危坐而译之，感先贤之千言酝于我胸中，
此吾生之大快。
不知何时虎头蛇尾，且译起，得一时之快乐。
Apologia pro Vita Sua (1865)
John Henry Newman
Revised October, 2001—NR.
生命之歌（1865）
真福 约翰·亨利·纽曼 枢机
Preface
{xiv} I make this extract from the first edition of my Apologia, Part 1, pp. 3, 20-25, and Part 2, pp. 29-31 and 41-51, in order to set before the reader the drift I had in writing my Volume:—
{xiv}我从《生命之歌*》第一版,Part 1第1部分3，20 - 25页和Part 2第二部分29-31和 41-51中节选了这部分出来。为要给读者在阅读前一个关于我此篇作品的综述：
（*原文作Apologia，辩护，和护教学、卫道学为同一词。）
I CANNOT be sorry to have forced my Accuser to bring out in fulness his charges against me. It is far better that he should discharge his thoughts upon me in my lifetime, than after I am dead. Under the circumstances I am happy in having the opportunity of reading the worst that can be said of me by a writer who has taken pains with his work and is well satisfied with it. I account it a gain to be surveyed from without by one who hates the principles which are nearest to my heart, has no personal knowledge of me to set right his misconceptions of my doctrine, and who has some motive or other to be as severe with me as he can possibly be ...
强迫我的原告拿出他那充实的对我的指控，对此我不能表示歉意。在我的有生之年他务必指明他对我的看法，这样也远比等到我死后再说要好得多。在这种情况下，我很高兴有机会能读到指责我的最差的文字，可以说那可是一位为事业深感种种痛苦却对这些文字心悦诚服的作家的大作。我又将它细细数算了一遍，以求一个也不漏的查明那些厌恶那深得我心的经句，无我个人知识确又有对我教导的误解，以及一些动机或其他尽可能重伤我的…
But I really feel sad for what I am obliged now to say. I am in warfare with him, but I wish him no ill;—it is very difficult to get up resentment towards persons whom one has never seen. It is easy enough to be irritated with friends or foes vis-à-vis; but, though I am writing with all my heart against what he has said of me, I am not conscious of personal unkindness towards himself. I think it necessary to write as I am writing, for my own sake, and for the sake of the Catholic Priesthood; but I wish to impute nothing worse to him than that he has {xv} been furiously carried away by his feelings. Yet what shall I say of the upshot of all this talk of my economies and equivocations and the like? What is the precise work which it is directed to effect? I am at war with him; but there is such a thing as legitimate warfare: war has its laws; there are things which may fairly be done, and things which may not be done. I say it with shame and with stern sorrow;—he has attempted a great transgression; he has attempted (as I may call it) to poison the wells. I will quote him and explain what I mean ... He says,—
但我真的感到悲哀，为此我不得不说。我在与他的战争中，但我希望他并无贵恙；——人很难对那些从来没有见过的人产生如此的不满。被朋友或敌人面对面激怒再容易不过了，但是，虽然我殚精竭虑的用全心来反驳他说我写我的话，但是我却不感到对他人的无情。我觉得有必要写如我所写的，为了我自己，和天主教圣职的缘故；但我希望把他没有更糟,他已{xv} 疯狂地被他的情绪摆布。然而,这一切谈论我的经济，含糊其词以及类似的结果，我还有什么可说的？这么精确的工作的直接效果又是什么？我在与他争战，但有这样一件事使之成为合情合理的战争：战争也有它的规则；有当做的事情，也有不当做的事情。我说的是羞耻和严苛的不幸之事，他曾试图一个严重的错误，他曾试图（我可以称之为）往井里投毒。我将引用他的话，并解释我的意思...他说，——
"I am henceforth in doubt and fear, as much as any honest man can be, concerning every word Dr. Newman may write. How can I tell that I shall not be the dupe of some cunning equivocation, of one of the three kinds laid down as permissible by the blessed Alfonso da Liguori and his pupils, even when confirmed by an oath, because 'then we do not deceive our neighbour, but allow him to deceive himself?' … It is admissible, therefore, to use words and sentences which have a double signification, and leave the hapless hearer to take which of them he may choose. What proof have I, then, that by 'mean it? I never said it!' Dr. Newman does not signify, I did not say it, but I did mean it?"—Pp. 44, 45.
“从今以后，我在怀疑和恐惧，不亚于任何一个诚实的人那样，担心纽曼博士写的每一个字。我该怎么说我不能当一个被狡诈的含糊其辞欺骗的人，那是被真福Alfonso da Liguori 和他的学生们所主张的三个论点之一。甚至在宣誓证实，因为“那么，我们不欺骗我们的邻居，但让他欺骗自己呢？” 若这是可接受的，那么为此那歧义的字句留给不幸的听众自己选择。我有什么证据呢？出自‘意思是这个？我没说这个！’纽曼博士没有暗示，我没说过，但是我意思如此。”——44，45页
Now these insinuations and questions shall be answered in their proper places; here I will but say that I scorn and detest lying, and quibbling, and double-tongued practice, and slyness, and cunning, and smoothness, and cant, and pretence, quite as much as any Protestants hate them; and I pray to be kept from the snare of them. But all this is just now by the bye; my present subject is my Accuser; what I insist upon here is this unmanly attempt of his, in his concluding pages, to cut the ground from under my feet;—to poison by anticipation the public mind against me, John Henry Newman, and to infuse {xvi} into the imaginations of my readers, suspicion and mistrust of everything that I may say in reply to him. This I call poisoning the wells.
现在这些影射和诘问，应在适当的地方回答，在这里我将不得不说，我蔑视和厌恶说谎，吹毛求疵的狡辩，和双舌的做法，诡秘，狡诈，能说会道的圆滑，言不由衷，和幌子，绝大多数新教徒都憎恶这些；我也祷告祈求要免于陷入它们的圈套。但是现在所有这一切都要说再见了，我现在的主题是我的冤家，我坚持主张这是他怯懦的企图，在总结页面削减我的立足之地；并通过预测公众心态来对我，约翰·亨利·纽曼，下毒。并将这毒之注入我读者的一切关于我如何回复他的幻觉、猜疑和不信任之中，这是我称之为往井里投毒。
"I am henceforth in doubt and fear," he says, "as much as any honest man can be, concerning every word Dr. Newman may write. How can I tell that I shall not be the dupe of some cunning equivocation?" ...
“从今以后，我在怀疑和恐惧，”他说，“不亚于任何一个诚实的人那样，纽曼博士写的每一个字。我该怎么说我不能当一个被狡诈的含糊其辞欺骗的人呢？” ...
Well, I can only say, that, if his taunt is to take effect, I am but wasting my time in saying a word in answer to his calumnies; and this is precisely what he knows and intends to be its fruit. I can hardly get myself to protest against a method of controversy so base and cruel, lest in doing so, I should be violating my self-respect and self-possession; but most base and most cruel it is. We all know how our imagination runs away with us, how suddenly and at what a pace;—the saying, "Caesar's wife should not be suspected," is an instance of what I mean. The habitual prejudice, the humour of the moment, is the turning-point which leads us to read a defence in a good sense or a bad. We interpret it by our antecedent impressions. The very same sentiments, according as our jealousy is or is not awake, or our aversion stimulated, are tokens of truth or of dissimulation and pretence. There is a story of a sane person being by mistake shut up in the wards of a Lunatic Asylum, and that, when he pleaded his cause to some strangers visiting the establishment, the only remark he elicited in answer was, "How naturally he talks! you would think he was in his senses." Controversies should be decided by the reason; is it legitimate warfare to appeal to the misgivings of the public mind and to its dislikings? Any how, if my accuser is able thus to practise upon my readers, the more I succeed, the less will be my success. If I am natural, he will tell them, "Ars est celare artem;" if I am convincing, he will suggest that I am an able logician; if I show warmth, I {xvii} am acting the indignant innocent; if I am calm, I am thereby detected as a smooth hypocrite; if I clear up difficulties, I am too plausible and perfect to be true. The more triumphant are my statements, the more certain will be my defeat....
好吧，我只能说，如果他的嘲讽生效了，我用以回应他诽谤的一个字，不过是浪费我的时间，并且这恰恰都是他知道的，也是他想要的结果。我很难让自己如此基础且残酷地对其争议方法抗议，为空如此做了将有碍我的自尊和淡定，但它确实是最基础和最残酷的。我们都知道我们的想象如白驹过隙，稍纵即逝，又在一念之间。有道是，“凯撒的妻子出乎意料，”是我的意思的一个实例。习惯性偏见，片刻的心境，是引领我们在阅读一篇辩护时产生好恶感的转折点。我们会用我们的成见来解释它。同样的观点，根据我们的嫉妒或者是不清醒，我们的被激起的厌恶感，成为真理的筹码或者虚伪掩饰的幌子。有一个故事，一个健全的人被错误的关在疯人院病房，当他向一群陌生的来访者描述他的由来时，他得到的唯一评价是，“谈吐自然！你会觉得他是在状态。”争议该因缘由而被裁定：这是为着呼吁公众心目中的疑虑和其厌恶之事的缘故而合情合理的争战吗？无论如何，如果我的原告是能因此而说服我的读者，我越成功，将越非我的成功。如果我天赋异秉，他会告诉他们，“这是欺瞒的艺术”；如果我有说服力的，他会说我是一个有点儿本事的逻辑学家；如果我展现热忱，我{xvii}是在装愤慨的无辜者；如果我镇定自若，因此我将被视为圆滑的伪君子；如果我解决了难题，我如此貌似可信和完美以至于不真实。我的声明越充满胜利的喜悦，作为我的失败某些指指点点越多。
未完待续
