马格南摄影师的建议（转自Nesier的日记）
第一次对摄影感到兴奋是什么时候？对年轻摄影师有何建议？
在这篇马格南网站博客的访谈中，34位摄影师对此都给出了自己的答案。
Abbas
Get a good pair of walking shoes and…fall in love
买双好鞋，并且……去爱（爱摄影，还是爱别人？）
Alec Soth
Try everything. Photojournalism, fashion, portraiture, nudes, whatever. You won’t know what kind of photographer you are until you try it. During one summer vacation (in college) I worked for a born-again tabletop photographer. All day long we’d photograph socks and listen to Christian radio. That summer I learned I was neither a studio photographer nor a born-again Christian. Another year I worked for a small suburban newspaper chain and was surprised to learn that I enjoyed assignment photography. Fun is important. You should like the process and the subject. If you are bored or unhappy with your subject it will show up in the pictures. If in your heart of hearts you want to take pictures of kitties, take pictures of kitties.
去尝试各种摄影：新闻、时装、肖像、人体，任何种类。你不会知道是什么类型的摄影师除非你尝试过。我大学时期有个暑假做了一个桌面摄影师的助理，他是个再生的基督徒，于是我跟着他每天听着天主教电台广播拍摄袜子。在那个夏天我发现自己不适合当影棚摄影师，也不会成为再生基督徒。另一年我为一家郊区报纸工作，那个时候我惊讶地发现自己很喜欢接受拍摄任务。兴趣是最重要的。你应该享受这个过程，并且喜欢拍摄的主题。如果你厌倦了，或者不喜欢这个主题，就会在图片中显现出来。如果你内心想拍摄小猫，那就去拍摄小猫。
Alex Majoli
I would advise to read a lot of literature and look as little as possible other photographers. Work everyday even without assignments or money, work, work, work with discipline for yourself and not for editors or awards. And also collaborate with people not necessary photographers but people you admire. The key word to learn is participation!
我建议多看些文学作品，而尽量少看其他摄影师的作品。每天都要拍摄，哪怕没有任务或者是钱。拍摄，拍摄，拍摄，这必须成为自己的原则，而不是为了图片编辑或者是得奖。同时，也要与别人合作，不光是摄影师，还有你尊敬的人。关键就是要参与进去！
Alex Webb
Photograph because you love doing it, because you absolutely have to do it, because the chief reward is going to be the process of doing it. Other rewards — recognition, financial remuneration — come to so few and are so fleeting. And even if you are somewhat successful, there will almost inevitably be stretches of time when you will be ignored, have little income, or — often — both. Certainly there are many other easier ways to make a living in this society. Take photography on as a passion, not a career.
要因为热爱而去拍摄，因为那种不得不拍的感觉而去拍摄，为了在过程中得到满足而拍摄。其他的收获——别人的赞誉、报酬——这些只有极少数人能够得到，而且是那么的短暂。哪怕你在某种程度上获得了成功，也不可避免地在一段时间之内受到忽视，没有收入。世上有很多容易的谋生方式，把摄影当作自己的兴趣，而不是职业。
Alessandra Sanguinetti
I could use some good advice myselff … but first thing that springs to mind is Bob Dylan’s: “keep a good head and always carry a light bulb.”
我自己倒是有不少好建议……但在我脑子里首先跳出来的是鲍勃·迪伦（Bob Dylan）的话：“保持头脑清醒， 带一个电灯泡。”
Bruce Gilden
My advice: Photograph who you are!
我的建议是：拍出你自己！
Carl De Keyzer
Give it all you got for at least 5 years and then decide if you got what it takes. Too many great talents give up at the very beginning; the great black hole looming after the comfortable academy or university years is the number one killer of future talent.
给你自己五年时间然后看看是不是达到了自己的目标。很多有才华的人在开始的时候就放弃了；舒适的学生生涯之后巨大的黑洞是最大的天才杀手。
Christopher Anderson
Forget about the profession of being a photographer. First be a photographer and maybe the profession will come after. Don’t be in a rush to make pay your rent with your camera. Jimi Hendrix didn’t decide on the career of rofessional musician before he learned to play guitar. No, he loved music and created something beautiful and that THEN became a profession. Larry Towell, for instance, was not a professional photographer until he was already a famous photographer. Make the pictures you feel compelled to make and perhaps that will lead to a career. But if you try to make the career first, you will just make shitty pictures that you don’t care about.
不要去想成为一个职业摄影师。首先你要当一个摄影师，或许之后自然而然就职业了。不要急着靠拍照付房租。吉米·亨德里克斯（Jimi Hendrix）并不是在学会弹吉他之前就决定当职业音乐人的。他首先热爱音乐，并且创造了一些美妙的曲子，然后才成了音乐家。在拉里·托维尔（Larry Towell）成为职业摄影师之前，早就成了一个著名的摄影师。去拍摄那些你认为不得不拍的影像，或许这会慢慢把你引向职业的道路。但如果你一开始就想着职业，那你只能拍出自己都不在乎的劣质图片。
Chris Steele-Perkins
1) Never think photography is easy. It’s like poetry in that it’s easy enough to make a few rhymes, but that’s not a good poem.
2) Study photography, see what people have achieved, but learn from it, don’t try photographically to be one of those people.
3) Photograph things you really care about, things that really interest you, not things you feel you ought to do.
4) Photograph them in the way you feel is right, not they way you think you ought to.
5) Be open to criticism, it can be really helpful, but stick to you core values.
6) Study and theory is useful but you learn most by doing. Take photographs, lots of them, be depressed by them, take more, hone your skills and get out there in the world and interact.
1）不要觉得摄影很容易。就想写诗，要写几句韵文或许很容易，但那不足以成为好诗。
2）学习摄影，看看大师们是怎么做的，向他们学习，但不要试图复制他们的影像。
3）去拍那些你真正关心的事物，那些真正吸引你的事物，而不要拍摄你认为你应该拍的东西。
4）用你认为正确的方式去拍，而不要用你认为应该用的方式去拍。
5）愿意接受批评，它们有时是有益的，但是要坚持你的核心价值观。
6）学习和理论有一定的作用，但是你更多地是通过实践来学到东西。拍摄，拍摄很多很多照片，为之沮丧，然后拍摄更多。磨练你的技术，投入大千世界并且做出回应。
Constantine Manos
Try not to take pictures, which simply show what something looks like. By the way you put the elements of an image together in a frame show us something we have never seen before and will never see again. And remember that catching a moment makes the image even more unique in the stream of time. Also, try to do workshops with photographers whose work you admire, but first ask around to make sure they are good teachers as well as good photographers. Taking good pictures is easy. Making very good pictures is difficult. Making great pictures is almost impossible.
不要去拍那些仅仅显示出事物表象的照片。你把图像的各种元素组合在一起的方式就想我们展现了我们未曾见过的东西。更不要忘了，影像中被捕捉下来的瞬间使之在时间的长河里成了唯一。另外，尽量参加你敬重的摄影师的短训班，但首先你得搞清楚他们不仅仅是好摄影师，同时也是好老师。拍出好的照片很简单。创造出很棒的图片很难。创造出伟大的图片几乎是不可能的。
Donovan Wylie
Never stop enjoying it. Try and not look for pictures but keep yourself always open and allow yourself to be stimulated by whatever hits you. Work towards a goal … book, exhibition… but more importantly work towards finding your own voice, your subject and your application. Accept that your work is more about you than what you represent, try to bridge that balance, without resorting to photographing your feet! In other words try and translate personal experience into a collective one, it is very possible and I think the key quest of any art form… (study the book “Waffenruhe” by Michael Schmidt) — study all the great photographers and love doing it, start at the beginning, look at early American, and German, then French, then take a close look at artists using photography in the sixties, Rusha etc. Don’t get bogged down in theory, but respect it, read Robert Adams on Photography, in fact embrace Robert Adams generally and you will learn a lot. Read literature, especially early Russian, French and modern American, (and Irish, Joyce), the journey literature has taken as an art form in terms of description and representation is very similar to photography. Don’t rely on style for the sake of it, if you have your own subject, you can adopt other people’s styles if it helps, and visa versa, if you photograph something every one has, then adopt an style, execution, that can only be yours, entually you will achieve both, your own voice will come through, but it can take time. Study the book “How You Look at It” … Important essays there will help you. Always try and be honest with yourself… for example, is the idea of being a photographer more exciting to you than photography itself, if this is true think about becoming an actor…if you genuinely love photography don’t give it up. Understand and enjoy the fact that photography is a unique medium. Respect and work within photography’s limitations, you will go much further.
要享受摄影。尝试不要去寻找图像，而要保持开放的心态，让图像来刺激你。要带着目标来拍摄，为了出版一本书，或是举办一个展览，但更重要的是，要为了找到你自己的意见、自己的主题和自己的方式去拍摄。记住你的作品是关于你本人的，而不是你所代表的东西。这是个微妙的平衡，你要学着去把握，当然，别最后去拍自己的脚就行了。换言之，你要试着把自己的个人经验转换成普遍经验，这确实是有可能的，而且我认为这是任何艺术形式的关键诉求……去研读 Michael Schmidt的Waffenruhe一书—— 去研究所有伟大的摄影师并且要喜欢研究他们，从头开始研读，去看早期美国摄影师，然后德国的，还有法国的，然后再仔细研读一下二十世纪60年代采用摄影术的艺术家，比如Rusha等。不要让自己陷入理论中不可自拔，而要尊重理论。去读读罗伯特·亚当斯（Robert Adams）的摄影理论——实际上，好好研读罗伯特·亚当斯，你会学到很多东西。去读文学作品，特别是早期俄国文学、法国文学以及现代美国作品，还有爱尔兰文学，比如詹姆斯·乔伊斯（James Augustine Aloysius Joyce，1882-1941），游记类文学作品在描写和记叙方面与摄影极为接近。不要为了风格而风格。如果你有自己的主题，你也可以采用别人的方式，只要对主题有帮助。反之亦然。如果你要去拍大家都已经拍摄过的东西，那么就采用你自己独有的方式和风格。而最终你两样都会得到，你的意见会自己显现出来，但这需要时间。去读读《How You Look at It》这本书……其中重要的文章会对你有帮助。要保持对自己诚实……比如，到底是当一个摄影师这件事更让你激动，还是摄影本身？如果是前者，那么你应该去做演员……如果你真的热爱摄影，那么就不要放弃。理解并且享受摄影作为一种独特的媒体的特性。接受摄影的局限性，在这些局限之内尽量拍摄，然后你可以走得更远。
David Hurn
Don’t become a photographer unless its what you have to do. It can’t be the easy option. If you become a photographer you will do a lot of walking so buy good shoes.
除非你真的很想当摄影师，不然不要去做。那不是个简单的选择。如果你当了摄影师，你会需要走很多路，所以买一双好鞋。
Dennis Stock
Young photographers should learn their craft well and don’t expect to make a constant living at taking pictures. But they should FOLLOW THEIR BLISS. Find time to pursue themes that indicate their concerns, big and small. Above all when shooting, MAKE AN ARTICULATE IMAGE.
年轻的摄影师需要了解摄影技术，但别指望能够靠拍照谋生。不过他们需要追随自己的内心。找时间去拍能够反应他们关注点的主题，不管是大是小。最最重要的是，拍摄清晰的图像。
Eli Reed
Stop talking theory when a camera is in their your and do not over-think the image. Lose the ego and let the photograph find you. Observe the life moving like a river around you and realize that the images you make may become part of the collective history of the time that you are living in.
拿着相机的时候别想太多理论，也别过分考虑出来的图像。把自我收起来，然后影像会自己找上你。观察你周遭如流水般的生活，你得意识到你所拍摄的图像终将成为你所在的时代的公共历史。
Elliott Erwitt
Learn the craft (which is not very hard). Carefully study past work of photographers and classic painters. Look and learn from movies. See where you can fit in as a commercial “photographer”. Commercial: meaning working for others and delivering a product on command. But most of all keep your personal photography as your separate hobby. If you are very good and diligent it just may pay off.
学好技术，这并不困难。仔细学习以前摄影师的作品和古典画作。多看些电影，并从中学习。试着让自己成为一个“商业摄影师”，我指的是，为别人工作，根据要求拍摄。但更重要的是，把你自己的摄影当作单独的爱好。如果你做的足够好并且足够勤奋，自然会得到回报的。
Lise Sarfati
Read a lot and create your own universe. Learn how to construct and create a series. Do not be impressed by other works. Try to innovate or simply to be yourself.
广泛地阅读，创造你自己的体系。学习如何创造及构建作品系列。不要让别人的作品影响你。试着创新，或者就简单地做你自己。
Martine Franck
My advice to photographers is to get out there in the field and take photographs but also if they are students to finish their course, learn as many languages as possible, go to movies, read books, visit museums, broaden your mind.
我给年轻摄影师的建议是出去拍摄，当然，如果你是学生的话，完成学业。尽可能多学些语言，多看电影，多读书，去参观博物馆，一句话，开阔你的眼界。
Harry Gruyaert
Be yourself, Don’t copy anybody.
做你自己，不要模仿任何人。
Hiroji Kubota
Study the works of the greatest photographers like Henri Cartier-Bresson and Andre Kertesz. Try to travel to many parts of the world and understand what a diverse world we live in.
学习历史上伟大摄影师的作品，比如亨利·卡蒂埃·布列松和安德烈·柯特兹。去世界各地旅行，要理解这个世界的多样性。
John Vink
Don’t stop questioning yourself (it’ll make you less arrogant). Push. Push, scratch, dig… Push further… And stop when you don’t enjoy it anymore… But most of all respect those you photograph…
时时刻刻向自己提问，这样会让你不那么自大。挖掘自己的内心，挖掘，继续挖掘……如果你不再享受这个过程，就停下……但最重要的是，尊敬你所拍摄的人……
Jonas Bendiksen
Throw yourself off a cliff. Figuratively speaking, I mean. Photography is a language. Think about what you want to use it to talk about. What are you interested in? What questions do you want to ask? Then, go for it, and throw yourself into talking about that topic, using photography. Make a body of work about that.
把你自己扔下悬崖——我只是打个比方。摄影是一种语言。想想你要用它来表达什么。你感兴趣但是什么？你想问些什么问题？然后你就去用摄影来谈论这个话题，去构建一个主体。
Larry Towell
The camera allowed me to share the lives of others, to walk around in their world, to view their horizons. That’s when I got excited about photography.
相机让我能够分享他人的生活，进入他们的生活，了解他们的内心。那是我对摄影感到兴奋是开始。
Be yourself and look outside of yourself.
做你自己，并关心周围的世界。
Mark Power
Although there are far more people trying to be photographers than there were in those heady days of 1980, there are also far more opportunities. Gone are the days, thankfully, when a commercial assignment, or even a picture in a newspaper, can damage the chance of gallery representation.
Yet what is clear is that a number of good pictures are no longer enough; today it has to be about ideas, and about the intent of the work. If you have something to say, and even better you have an innovative way of saying it then opportunities are out there.
I sense that photography is concerning itself with real issues again. For some time much of photography seemed to be about itself, and while this was fine, and interesting in some cases, it’s not what photography is really good at. Understand this by familiarising yourself with the rich and wonderful history of our medium. Be proud of it, what it has,
and what it can, achieve. Don’t try and reinvent the wheel. Be inspired. Try and copy, if you like (because no one can). Find a subject you care about. Something that moves you. Something which stirs your rawest emotions. And then have patience.
虽然比起轰轰烈烈的二十世纪80年代，现在有更多人试图要做摄影师，现在也有更多的机会。感谢上帝，那种日子一去不复返了，那时拍摄一次商业图片、甚至在报纸上刊登一副照片就会丧失进入美术馆展览的机会。
但是，现在越来越明确的是，仅仅拍出几张优秀的照片是不够的。现在重要的是整体的思路，以及作品的目的。如果你想表达什么，最好是你能有新颖的方式来表达，这样的话你就大有机会了。
我感觉现在摄影终于又开始关注现实话题了。有一阵摄影关注的是它本身，当然这也不错，有时候也很有趣，但这并不是摄影所擅长的。你要去了解摄影丰富而精彩的历史，以便理解摄影真正擅长什么。要为摄影已经取得以及还可以取得的成就感到自豪。不要试图改变这个工具。保持灵感。试着去复制，如果你可以的话，事实上没有人能复制。寻找你自己关心的主题，那些真正能打动你的东西，那些引起你发自内心的情绪的东西。然后，你要耐心。
Martin Parr
Find something you are passionate about, and shoot your way through this obsession with elegance and you will have potential great project.
找到你热爱的主题，坚持拍摄下去，即使感到困惑也不要停，然后你会获得潜在的伟大的专题。
Mikhael Subotzky
Stick to one project for a long time. And keep working on it through many stages of learning, even if it might feel finished. Its the only way to break through what I think are some vital lessons that need to be learnt about story-telling and how to combine images.
坚持长时间地拍摄一个主题，边拍边学，哪怕它似乎可以完成了，也要接着拍。这是唯一的突破方法，从中你可以学到非常重要的一课，那就是如何讲故事，以及如何把影像组合在一起。
Olivia Arthur
My main piece of advice for young photographers who have just come out of college is to get away from the hubs of photography like London and New York. There are so many photographers touting their portfolios round in places like this that people end up fighting to do jobs that are not what they really want, just to make ends meet. It’s the kind of environment that doesn’t fuel anyone’s creativity (well mostly anyway…). My advice: go out and do the things they really want to before getting tied in…if they don’t take the risk at the beginning they’ll find it much harder to come back and take it later on.
我给年轻摄影师最主要的建议是：毕业之后别去伦敦或者纽约这样的摄影中心，那儿有那么多摄影师拿着自己的作品集到处转，其结果就是大家都很难找到工作，而就算得到了拍摄任务，也未必自己想要拍摄的，他们工作只是为了使收支平衡。在这样的大环境中，每个人的创造性都很容易被抹杀。我的建议：在被现实生活束缚之前去做自己真正想做的事，如果一开始不冒点险，以后再想回来做自己想做的事就更难了。
Paolo Pellegrin
I believe photography – like many other things one does in life – is the exact expression of who one is at a given moment: every time you compose and release the shutter you give voice to your thoughts and opinions of the world around you. So other than the obvious patience (photography is a complex medium, a voice which requires time to develop) and perseverance and the necessary humility when dealing with others, I would recommend working to become a more developed and informed individual, a more knowledgeable and engaged citizen. This will translate into a deeper more complex understanding of the world around you, and ultimately into a richer and more meaningful photography.
我相信摄影就像一个人会做的其他事一样，是一个人在特定时刻的自我表达：你每一次构图、按下快门的过程实际上都表达了你对周遭世界的看法和观点。所以，除了需要耐心——这是显而易见的，因为摄影是一种需要时间来参与的复杂的媒体；还有恒心和在和人打交道时必要的谦逊态度，我的建议是要努力成为一个全面的、见多识广、知识渊博的人，多参与社会活动。这将使你对周遭世界的理解更为深刻和全面，并且最终使你的影像的含义更为丰富而深远。
Patrick Zachmann
You have to fight for being a photographer! More seriously, my advice for young people is to go to exhibitions, to see books and try to do a personal project which they feel they have a unique approach of it because they are close to the subject and need to express and understand urgently things about it.
Photography has something to do for me, like with Diane Arbus, with oneself through the others and with unconsciousness (sorry for my English: I mean “l’inconscient”) a psychoanalytic approach. I will answer to a third question because it’s linked with above: why did you become a photographer? I became a photographer because I don’t have memory. It took me quite a long time to understand that trough my personal researches (“Inquest of identity or a Jew in search of his memory”, “Chile. The roads of the memory”, “My father’s memory”, etc.), I was looking for the “missing” pictures. Making my book “Inquest of identity”, I found out that my aunt-my father’s sister who was a Nazi camp survivor- had at her home a picture of my grand-parents deported and killed in Auschwitz that my father never showed to us. Thanks photography, I met my father’s parents that I never knew. That’s what I like with photography. It helps me to understand myself and the past through the present.
你得为成为一个摄影师而奋斗！严肃一点说，我给年轻摄影师的建议是，去看各种展览，多阅读并去拍摄个人的专题，我指的是对他们自身来说有特殊意义的专题，他们在情感上对这些主题特别接近并且有迫切的表达愿望。
像迪安·阿勃斯（Diane Arbus）一样，对我来说摄影有特别的意义，是通过他人来表达自己、是无意识的——我为我糟糕的英语道歉，我是指“潜意识”、是一个心理过程。我要回答第三个问题因为这与前面两个是相关的，那就是“我为什么要成为摄影师？”我当摄影师是因为我没有记忆，我花了很长时间在我为我的书《Inquest of identity or a Jew in search of his memory》、《Chile. The roads of the memory》和《My father’s memory》等做调查的过程中想明白的（帕特里克·扎克曼Patrick Zachmann是一个犹太裔的摄影师，这几个专题应该都是他所做的关于自己的种族的调查，补充一点查到的相关访谈），那时我一直在寻找“失去的”影像。在编写《Inquest of Identity》这本书的过程中，我发现我的姨妈，也就是我爸爸的姐姐，是一个纳粹集中营幸存者，她保留了一张我祖父的照片，我的祖父是奥斯维新集中营的遇难者之一。但我父亲从来没有给我们看过这张照片。感谢摄影，让我看到了我从未见过的祖父，这就是我热爱摄影的原因，它使我能够了解自己，以及通过现实了解过去。
Peter Marlow
Be yourself, get up early, and don’t try too hard, as whatever is trying to come out will come eventually without any effort, learn to trust your instincts and don’t think about what others will think or about the process too much. Work hard but enjoy it.
做你自己。早点起床，但别过分用功，因为你想要表达的东西有时候会毫不费力地自己出现。学会相信你的直觉，别老去想别人会怎么看，也别去想整个过程是怎么样的。努力，但是要享受摄影。
Steve McCurry
If you want to be a photographer, you have to photograph. If you look at the photographers’ work you admire, you will find that they have found a particular place or subject, and then have dug deep into it, and carved out something that is special. That takes a lot of dedication, passion, and work.
如果你想成为摄影师，那就得去拍摄。如果你仔细看你所钦佩的摄影师的作品，你会发现他们都深入地拍摄了一个特定的地方或者主题，并且从中发现了一些特别的东西。那需要勤奋、激情和努力的工作。
Stuart Franklin
Follow your heart and never give up.
跟着感觉走，不要放弃。
Susan Meiselas
Dig in and follow your instincts and trust your curiosity.
深入拍摄，跟着你的直觉走，相信你的好奇心。
Thomas Dworzak
Try live something intense, at home, abroad… it does not matter. It has to be passionate. And once you know the basics forget about photography.
认真地去生活，无论是在家乡还是在国外。必须有激情。一旦你掌握了摄影的基础，就别去多想摄影的技术等东西。
Thomas Hoepker
Avoid all photo schools and courses. Most will give you lofty ideas and twist your mind in one direction. Find your own way to photography, nobody will ask you later if you have a diploma. Visit as many museums as you possibly can. The images you see (painted, drawn, etched or photographed) will stay with you for the rest of your life. They will help you to discover good pictures in real life. Suppress any silly ambitions of becoming a great artist. Being a good photographer is difficult enough.
别去读任何摄影学校或者课程，那些只会让你产生大而空的理想并把学员的想法变得千篇一律。你得找到你自己的摄影方式，如果你有了文凭，就没人会再找你。尽可能多地去参观博物馆，你看到的影像，不管是油画、素描、蚀刻画还是摄影，都会伴随你一生，它们会帮助你在真实生活中发现好的影像。别傻乎乎地想着要当一个伟大的艺术家，做个优秀的摄影师已经够困难的了。
Trent Parke
To photograph what is closest to you and the things that you enjoy and have an interest in. Make the whole process as fun and least difficult as possible.
去拍摄你身边的、你最享受和最感兴趣的事物。让整个摄影的过程尽可能充满乐趣、不那么困难。
转自Nesier的日记
在这篇马格南网站博客的访谈中，34位摄影师对此都给出了自己的答案。
Abbas
Get a good pair of walking shoes and…fall in love
买双好鞋，并且……去爱（爱摄影，还是爱别人？）
Alec Soth
Try everything. Photojournalism, fashion, portraiture, nudes, whatever. You won’t know what kind of photographer you are until you try it. During one summer vacation (in college) I worked for a born-again tabletop photographer. All day long we’d photograph socks and listen to Christian radio. That summer I learned I was neither a studio photographer nor a born-again Christian. Another year I worked for a small suburban newspaper chain and was surprised to learn that I enjoyed assignment photography. Fun is important. You should like the process and the subject. If you are bored or unhappy with your subject it will show up in the pictures. If in your heart of hearts you want to take pictures of kitties, take pictures of kitties.
去尝试各种摄影：新闻、时装、肖像、人体，任何种类。你不会知道是什么类型的摄影师除非你尝试过。我大学时期有个暑假做了一个桌面摄影师的助理，他是个再生的基督徒，于是我跟着他每天听着天主教电台广播拍摄袜子。在那个夏天我发现自己不适合当影棚摄影师，也不会成为再生基督徒。另一年我为一家郊区报纸工作，那个时候我惊讶地发现自己很喜欢接受拍摄任务。兴趣是最重要的。你应该享受这个过程，并且喜欢拍摄的主题。如果你厌倦了，或者不喜欢这个主题，就会在图片中显现出来。如果你内心想拍摄小猫，那就去拍摄小猫。
Alex Majoli
I would advise to read a lot of literature and look as little as possible other photographers. Work everyday even without assignments or money, work, work, work with discipline for yourself and not for editors or awards. And also collaborate with people not necessary photographers but people you admire. The key word to learn is participation!
我建议多看些文学作品，而尽量少看其他摄影师的作品。每天都要拍摄，哪怕没有任务或者是钱。拍摄，拍摄，拍摄，这必须成为自己的原则，而不是为了图片编辑或者是得奖。同时，也要与别人合作，不光是摄影师，还有你尊敬的人。关键就是要参与进去！
Alex Webb
Photograph because you love doing it, because you absolutely have to do it, because the chief reward is going to be the process of doing it. Other rewards — recognition, financial remuneration — come to so few and are so fleeting. And even if you are somewhat successful, there will almost inevitably be stretches of time when you will be ignored, have little income, or — often — both. Certainly there are many other easier ways to make a living in this society. Take photography on as a passion, not a career.
要因为热爱而去拍摄，因为那种不得不拍的感觉而去拍摄，为了在过程中得到满足而拍摄。其他的收获——别人的赞誉、报酬——这些只有极少数人能够得到，而且是那么的短暂。哪怕你在某种程度上获得了成功，也不可避免地在一段时间之内受到忽视，没有收入。世上有很多容易的谋生方式，把摄影当作自己的兴趣，而不是职业。
Alessandra Sanguinetti
I could use some good advice myselff … but first thing that springs to mind is Bob Dylan’s: “keep a good head and always carry a light bulb.”
我自己倒是有不少好建议……但在我脑子里首先跳出来的是鲍勃·迪伦（Bob Dylan）的话：“保持头脑清醒， 带一个电灯泡。”
Bruce Gilden
My advice: Photograph who you are!
我的建议是：拍出你自己！
Carl De Keyzer
Give it all you got for at least 5 years and then decide if you got what it takes. Too many great talents give up at the very beginning; the great black hole looming after the comfortable academy or university years is the number one killer of future talent.
给你自己五年时间然后看看是不是达到了自己的目标。很多有才华的人在开始的时候就放弃了；舒适的学生生涯之后巨大的黑洞是最大的天才杀手。
Christopher Anderson
Forget about the profession of being a photographer. First be a photographer and maybe the profession will come after. Don’t be in a rush to make pay your rent with your camera. Jimi Hendrix didn’t decide on the career of rofessional musician before he learned to play guitar. No, he loved music and created something beautiful and that THEN became a profession. Larry Towell, for instance, was not a professional photographer until he was already a famous photographer. Make the pictures you feel compelled to make and perhaps that will lead to a career. But if you try to make the career first, you will just make shitty pictures that you don’t care about.
不要去想成为一个职业摄影师。首先你要当一个摄影师，或许之后自然而然就职业了。不要急着靠拍照付房租。吉米·亨德里克斯（Jimi Hendrix）并不是在学会弹吉他之前就决定当职业音乐人的。他首先热爱音乐，并且创造了一些美妙的曲子，然后才成了音乐家。在拉里·托维尔（Larry Towell）成为职业摄影师之前，早就成了一个著名的摄影师。去拍摄那些你认为不得不拍的影像，或许这会慢慢把你引向职业的道路。但如果你一开始就想着职业，那你只能拍出自己都不在乎的劣质图片。
Chris Steele-Perkins
1) Never think photography is easy. It’s like poetry in that it’s easy enough to make a few rhymes, but that’s not a good poem.
2) Study photography, see what people have achieved, but learn from it, don’t try photographically to be one of those people.
3) Photograph things you really care about, things that really interest you, not things you feel you ought to do.
4) Photograph them in the way you feel is right, not they way you think you ought to.
5) Be open to criticism, it can be really helpful, but stick to you core values.
6) Study and theory is useful but you learn most by doing. Take photographs, lots of them, be depressed by them, take more, hone your skills and get out there in the world and interact.
1）不要觉得摄影很容易。就想写诗，要写几句韵文或许很容易，但那不足以成为好诗。
2）学习摄影，看看大师们是怎么做的，向他们学习，但不要试图复制他们的影像。
3）去拍那些你真正关心的事物，那些真正吸引你的事物，而不要拍摄你认为你应该拍的东西。
4）用你认为正确的方式去拍，而不要用你认为应该用的方式去拍。
5）愿意接受批评，它们有时是有益的，但是要坚持你的核心价值观。
6）学习和理论有一定的作用，但是你更多地是通过实践来学到东西。拍摄，拍摄很多很多照片，为之沮丧，然后拍摄更多。磨练你的技术，投入大千世界并且做出回应。
Constantine Manos
Try not to take pictures, which simply show what something looks like. By the way you put the elements of an image together in a frame show us something we have never seen before and will never see again. And remember that catching a moment makes the image even more unique in the stream of time. Also, try to do workshops with photographers whose work you admire, but first ask around to make sure they are good teachers as well as good photographers. Taking good pictures is easy. Making very good pictures is difficult. Making great pictures is almost impossible.
不要去拍那些仅仅显示出事物表象的照片。你把图像的各种元素组合在一起的方式就想我们展现了我们未曾见过的东西。更不要忘了，影像中被捕捉下来的瞬间使之在时间的长河里成了唯一。另外，尽量参加你敬重的摄影师的短训班，但首先你得搞清楚他们不仅仅是好摄影师，同时也是好老师。拍出好的照片很简单。创造出很棒的图片很难。创造出伟大的图片几乎是不可能的。
Donovan Wylie
Never stop enjoying it. Try and not look for pictures but keep yourself always open and allow yourself to be stimulated by whatever hits you. Work towards a goal … book, exhibition… but more importantly work towards finding your own voice, your subject and your application. Accept that your work is more about you than what you represent, try to bridge that balance, without resorting to photographing your feet! In other words try and translate personal experience into a collective one, it is very possible and I think the key quest of any art form… (study the book “Waffenruhe” by Michael Schmidt) — study all the great photographers and love doing it, start at the beginning, look at early American, and German, then French, then take a close look at artists using photography in the sixties, Rusha etc. Don’t get bogged down in theory, but respect it, read Robert Adams on Photography, in fact embrace Robert Adams generally and you will learn a lot. Read literature, especially early Russian, French and modern American, (and Irish, Joyce), the journey literature has taken as an art form in terms of description and representation is very similar to photography. Don’t rely on style for the sake of it, if you have your own subject, you can adopt other people’s styles if it helps, and visa versa, if you photograph something every one has, then adopt an style, execution, that can only be yours, entually you will achieve both, your own voice will come through, but it can take time. Study the book “How You Look at It” … Important essays there will help you. Always try and be honest with yourself… for example, is the idea of being a photographer more exciting to you than photography itself, if this is true think about becoming an actor…if you genuinely love photography don’t give it up. Understand and enjoy the fact that photography is a unique medium. Respect and work within photography’s limitations, you will go much further.
要享受摄影。尝试不要去寻找图像，而要保持开放的心态，让图像来刺激你。要带着目标来拍摄，为了出版一本书，或是举办一个展览，但更重要的是，要为了找到你自己的意见、自己的主题和自己的方式去拍摄。记住你的作品是关于你本人的，而不是你所代表的东西。这是个微妙的平衡，你要学着去把握，当然，别最后去拍自己的脚就行了。换言之，你要试着把自己的个人经验转换成普遍经验，这确实是有可能的，而且我认为这是任何艺术形式的关键诉求……去研读 Michael Schmidt的Waffenruhe一书—— 去研究所有伟大的摄影师并且要喜欢研究他们，从头开始研读，去看早期美国摄影师，然后德国的，还有法国的，然后再仔细研读一下二十世纪60年代采用摄影术的艺术家，比如Rusha等。不要让自己陷入理论中不可自拔，而要尊重理论。去读读罗伯特·亚当斯（Robert Adams）的摄影理论——实际上，好好研读罗伯特·亚当斯，你会学到很多东西。去读文学作品，特别是早期俄国文学、法国文学以及现代美国作品，还有爱尔兰文学，比如詹姆斯·乔伊斯（James Augustine Aloysius Joyce，1882-1941），游记类文学作品在描写和记叙方面与摄影极为接近。不要为了风格而风格。如果你有自己的主题，你也可以采用别人的方式，只要对主题有帮助。反之亦然。如果你要去拍大家都已经拍摄过的东西，那么就采用你自己独有的方式和风格。而最终你两样都会得到，你的意见会自己显现出来，但这需要时间。去读读《How You Look at It》这本书……其中重要的文章会对你有帮助。要保持对自己诚实……比如，到底是当一个摄影师这件事更让你激动，还是摄影本身？如果是前者，那么你应该去做演员……如果你真的热爱摄影，那么就不要放弃。理解并且享受摄影作为一种独特的媒体的特性。接受摄影的局限性，在这些局限之内尽量拍摄，然后你可以走得更远。
David Hurn
Don’t become a photographer unless its what you have to do. It can’t be the easy option. If you become a photographer you will do a lot of walking so buy good shoes.
除非你真的很想当摄影师，不然不要去做。那不是个简单的选择。如果你当了摄影师，你会需要走很多路，所以买一双好鞋。
Dennis Stock
Young photographers should learn their craft well and don’t expect to make a constant living at taking pictures. But they should FOLLOW THEIR BLISS. Find time to pursue themes that indicate their concerns, big and small. Above all when shooting, MAKE AN ARTICULATE IMAGE.
年轻的摄影师需要了解摄影技术，但别指望能够靠拍照谋生。不过他们需要追随自己的内心。找时间去拍能够反应他们关注点的主题，不管是大是小。最最重要的是，拍摄清晰的图像。
Eli Reed
Stop talking theory when a camera is in their your and do not over-think the image. Lose the ego and let the photograph find you. Observe the life moving like a river around you and realize that the images you make may become part of the collective history of the time that you are living in.
拿着相机的时候别想太多理论，也别过分考虑出来的图像。把自我收起来，然后影像会自己找上你。观察你周遭如流水般的生活，你得意识到你所拍摄的图像终将成为你所在的时代的公共历史。
Elliott Erwitt
Learn the craft (which is not very hard). Carefully study past work of photographers and classic painters. Look and learn from movies. See where you can fit in as a commercial “photographer”. Commercial: meaning working for others and delivering a product on command. But most of all keep your personal photography as your separate hobby. If you are very good and diligent it just may pay off.
学好技术，这并不困难。仔细学习以前摄影师的作品和古典画作。多看些电影，并从中学习。试着让自己成为一个“商业摄影师”，我指的是，为别人工作，根据要求拍摄。但更重要的是，把你自己的摄影当作单独的爱好。如果你做的足够好并且足够勤奋，自然会得到回报的。
Lise Sarfati
Read a lot and create your own universe. Learn how to construct and create a series. Do not be impressed by other works. Try to innovate or simply to be yourself.
广泛地阅读，创造你自己的体系。学习如何创造及构建作品系列。不要让别人的作品影响你。试着创新，或者就简单地做你自己。
Martine Franck
My advice to photographers is to get out there in the field and take photographs but also if they are students to finish their course, learn as many languages as possible, go to movies, read books, visit museums, broaden your mind.
我给年轻摄影师的建议是出去拍摄，当然，如果你是学生的话，完成学业。尽可能多学些语言，多看电影，多读书，去参观博物馆，一句话，开阔你的眼界。
Harry Gruyaert
Be yourself, Don’t copy anybody.
做你自己，不要模仿任何人。
Hiroji Kubota
Study the works of the greatest photographers like Henri Cartier-Bresson and Andre Kertesz. Try to travel to many parts of the world and understand what a diverse world we live in.
学习历史上伟大摄影师的作品，比如亨利·卡蒂埃·布列松和安德烈·柯特兹。去世界各地旅行，要理解这个世界的多样性。
John Vink
Don’t stop questioning yourself (it’ll make you less arrogant). Push. Push, scratch, dig… Push further… And stop when you don’t enjoy it anymore… But most of all respect those you photograph…
时时刻刻向自己提问，这样会让你不那么自大。挖掘自己的内心，挖掘，继续挖掘……如果你不再享受这个过程，就停下……但最重要的是，尊敬你所拍摄的人……
Jonas Bendiksen
Throw yourself off a cliff. Figuratively speaking, I mean. Photography is a language. Think about what you want to use it to talk about. What are you interested in? What questions do you want to ask? Then, go for it, and throw yourself into talking about that topic, using photography. Make a body of work about that.
把你自己扔下悬崖——我只是打个比方。摄影是一种语言。想想你要用它来表达什么。你感兴趣但是什么？你想问些什么问题？然后你就去用摄影来谈论这个话题，去构建一个主体。
Larry Towell
The camera allowed me to share the lives of others, to walk around in their world, to view their horizons. That’s when I got excited about photography.
相机让我能够分享他人的生活，进入他们的生活，了解他们的内心。那是我对摄影感到兴奋是开始。
Be yourself and look outside of yourself.
做你自己，并关心周围的世界。
Mark Power
Although there are far more people trying to be photographers than there were in those heady days of 1980, there are also far more opportunities. Gone are the days, thankfully, when a commercial assignment, or even a picture in a newspaper, can damage the chance of gallery representation.
Yet what is clear is that a number of good pictures are no longer enough; today it has to be about ideas, and about the intent of the work. If you have something to say, and even better you have an innovative way of saying it then opportunities are out there.
I sense that photography is concerning itself with real issues again. For some time much of photography seemed to be about itself, and while this was fine, and interesting in some cases, it’s not what photography is really good at. Understand this by familiarising yourself with the rich and wonderful history of our medium. Be proud of it, what it has,
and what it can, achieve. Don’t try and reinvent the wheel. Be inspired. Try and copy, if you like (because no one can). Find a subject you care about. Something that moves you. Something which stirs your rawest emotions. And then have patience.
虽然比起轰轰烈烈的二十世纪80年代，现在有更多人试图要做摄影师，现在也有更多的机会。感谢上帝，那种日子一去不复返了，那时拍摄一次商业图片、甚至在报纸上刊登一副照片就会丧失进入美术馆展览的机会。
但是，现在越来越明确的是，仅仅拍出几张优秀的照片是不够的。现在重要的是整体的思路，以及作品的目的。如果你想表达什么，最好是你能有新颖的方式来表达，这样的话你就大有机会了。
我感觉现在摄影终于又开始关注现实话题了。有一阵摄影关注的是它本身，当然这也不错，有时候也很有趣，但这并不是摄影所擅长的。你要去了解摄影丰富而精彩的历史，以便理解摄影真正擅长什么。要为摄影已经取得以及还可以取得的成就感到自豪。不要试图改变这个工具。保持灵感。试着去复制，如果你可以的话，事实上没有人能复制。寻找你自己关心的主题，那些真正能打动你的东西，那些引起你发自内心的情绪的东西。然后，你要耐心。
Martin Parr
Find something you are passionate about, and shoot your way through this obsession with elegance and you will have potential great project.
找到你热爱的主题，坚持拍摄下去，即使感到困惑也不要停，然后你会获得潜在的伟大的专题。
Mikhael Subotzky
Stick to one project for a long time. And keep working on it through many stages of learning, even if it might feel finished. Its the only way to break through what I think are some vital lessons that need to be learnt about story-telling and how to combine images.
坚持长时间地拍摄一个主题，边拍边学，哪怕它似乎可以完成了，也要接着拍。这是唯一的突破方法，从中你可以学到非常重要的一课，那就是如何讲故事，以及如何把影像组合在一起。
Olivia Arthur
My main piece of advice for young photographers who have just come out of college is to get away from the hubs of photography like London and New York. There are so many photographers touting their portfolios round in places like this that people end up fighting to do jobs that are not what they really want, just to make ends meet. It’s the kind of environment that doesn’t fuel anyone’s creativity (well mostly anyway…). My advice: go out and do the things they really want to before getting tied in…if they don’t take the risk at the beginning they’ll find it much harder to come back and take it later on.
我给年轻摄影师最主要的建议是：毕业之后别去伦敦或者纽约这样的摄影中心，那儿有那么多摄影师拿着自己的作品集到处转，其结果就是大家都很难找到工作，而就算得到了拍摄任务，也未必自己想要拍摄的，他们工作只是为了使收支平衡。在这样的大环境中，每个人的创造性都很容易被抹杀。我的建议：在被现实生活束缚之前去做自己真正想做的事，如果一开始不冒点险，以后再想回来做自己想做的事就更难了。
Paolo Pellegrin
I believe photography – like many other things one does in life – is the exact expression of who one is at a given moment: every time you compose and release the shutter you give voice to your thoughts and opinions of the world around you. So other than the obvious patience (photography is a complex medium, a voice which requires time to develop) and perseverance and the necessary humility when dealing with others, I would recommend working to become a more developed and informed individual, a more knowledgeable and engaged citizen. This will translate into a deeper more complex understanding of the world around you, and ultimately into a richer and more meaningful photography.
我相信摄影就像一个人会做的其他事一样，是一个人在特定时刻的自我表达：你每一次构图、按下快门的过程实际上都表达了你对周遭世界的看法和观点。所以，除了需要耐心——这是显而易见的，因为摄影是一种需要时间来参与的复杂的媒体；还有恒心和在和人打交道时必要的谦逊态度，我的建议是要努力成为一个全面的、见多识广、知识渊博的人，多参与社会活动。这将使你对周遭世界的理解更为深刻和全面，并且最终使你的影像的含义更为丰富而深远。
Patrick Zachmann
You have to fight for being a photographer! More seriously, my advice for young people is to go to exhibitions, to see books and try to do a personal project which they feel they have a unique approach of it because they are close to the subject and need to express and understand urgently things about it.
Photography has something to do for me, like with Diane Arbus, with oneself through the others and with unconsciousness (sorry for my English: I mean “l’inconscient”) a psychoanalytic approach. I will answer to a third question because it’s linked with above: why did you become a photographer? I became a photographer because I don’t have memory. It took me quite a long time to understand that trough my personal researches (“Inquest of identity or a Jew in search of his memory”, “Chile. The roads of the memory”, “My father’s memory”, etc.), I was looking for the “missing” pictures. Making my book “Inquest of identity”, I found out that my aunt-my father’s sister who was a Nazi camp survivor- had at her home a picture of my grand-parents deported and killed in Auschwitz that my father never showed to us. Thanks photography, I met my father’s parents that I never knew. That’s what I like with photography. It helps me to understand myself and the past through the present.
你得为成为一个摄影师而奋斗！严肃一点说，我给年轻摄影师的建议是，去看各种展览，多阅读并去拍摄个人的专题，我指的是对他们自身来说有特殊意义的专题，他们在情感上对这些主题特别接近并且有迫切的表达愿望。
像迪安·阿勃斯（Diane Arbus）一样，对我来说摄影有特别的意义，是通过他人来表达自己、是无意识的——我为我糟糕的英语道歉，我是指“潜意识”、是一个心理过程。我要回答第三个问题因为这与前面两个是相关的，那就是“我为什么要成为摄影师？”我当摄影师是因为我没有记忆，我花了很长时间在我为我的书《Inquest of identity or a Jew in search of his memory》、《Chile. The roads of the memory》和《My father’s memory》等做调查的过程中想明白的（帕特里克·扎克曼Patrick Zachmann是一个犹太裔的摄影师，这几个专题应该都是他所做的关于自己的种族的调查，补充一点查到的相关访谈），那时我一直在寻找“失去的”影像。在编写《Inquest of Identity》这本书的过程中，我发现我的姨妈，也就是我爸爸的姐姐，是一个纳粹集中营幸存者，她保留了一张我祖父的照片，我的祖父是奥斯维新集中营的遇难者之一。但我父亲从来没有给我们看过这张照片。感谢摄影，让我看到了我从未见过的祖父，这就是我热爱摄影的原因，它使我能够了解自己，以及通过现实了解过去。
Peter Marlow
Be yourself, get up early, and don’t try too hard, as whatever is trying to come out will come eventually without any effort, learn to trust your instincts and don’t think about what others will think or about the process too much. Work hard but enjoy it.
做你自己。早点起床，但别过分用功，因为你想要表达的东西有时候会毫不费力地自己出现。学会相信你的直觉，别老去想别人会怎么看，也别去想整个过程是怎么样的。努力，但是要享受摄影。
Steve McCurry
If you want to be a photographer, you have to photograph. If you look at the photographers’ work you admire, you will find that they have found a particular place or subject, and then have dug deep into it, and carved out something that is special. That takes a lot of dedication, passion, and work.
如果你想成为摄影师，那就得去拍摄。如果你仔细看你所钦佩的摄影师的作品，你会发现他们都深入地拍摄了一个特定的地方或者主题，并且从中发现了一些特别的东西。那需要勤奋、激情和努力的工作。
Stuart Franklin
Follow your heart and never give up.
跟着感觉走，不要放弃。
Susan Meiselas
Dig in and follow your instincts and trust your curiosity.
深入拍摄，跟着你的直觉走，相信你的好奇心。
Thomas Dworzak
Try live something intense, at home, abroad… it does not matter. It has to be passionate. And once you know the basics forget about photography.
认真地去生活，无论是在家乡还是在国外。必须有激情。一旦你掌握了摄影的基础，就别去多想摄影的技术等东西。
Thomas Hoepker
Avoid all photo schools and courses. Most will give you lofty ideas and twist your mind in one direction. Find your own way to photography, nobody will ask you later if you have a diploma. Visit as many museums as you possibly can. The images you see (painted, drawn, etched or photographed) will stay with you for the rest of your life. They will help you to discover good pictures in real life. Suppress any silly ambitions of becoming a great artist. Being a good photographer is difficult enough.
别去读任何摄影学校或者课程，那些只会让你产生大而空的理想并把学员的想法变得千篇一律。你得找到你自己的摄影方式，如果你有了文凭，就没人会再找你。尽可能多地去参观博物馆，你看到的影像，不管是油画、素描、蚀刻画还是摄影，都会伴随你一生，它们会帮助你在真实生活中发现好的影像。别傻乎乎地想着要当一个伟大的艺术家，做个优秀的摄影师已经够困难的了。
Trent Parke
To photograph what is closest to you and the things that you enjoy and have an interest in. Make the whole process as fun and least difficult as possible.
去拍摄你身边的、你最享受和最感兴趣的事物。让整个摄影的过程尽可能充满乐趣、不那么困难。
转自Nesier的日记
