[3-4] 动画大师 - HUNGARY 【完毕】

                                  -【动画大师》总目录】-
声明：本文供翻译参考使用，迎大家指出错误。 【呵呵】
片中出现的相关短片清单[时间顺序]
Duel
by Gyula Macskassy
Feedback
by Attla Dargay
The Story of a Beatle
by Josef Nepp
Transition in Time
by Csaba Varga
The Stone
by Ferenc Rófusz
Time of the Barbarian
Kidnapping of the Sun and the Moon
by Sandor Reisenbuchler
SOS
by Marcell Jankovics
Enormous Lies
by Kati Macskassy
Concertissimo
by Josef Gemes
                
                
【HUNGARY】：The widely diverse styles of Hungarian animation artists have produced many animated feature films. These works are represented by Macskassy, Dargay, Nepp, Varga, Rofusz, Reisenbuchler, Jankovics and Gemes.
      1928年到1933的五年之间，匈牙利的抽象动画在全世界是个中的佼佼。最早，来自德国包浩斯学派的几个老师在布达佩斯开课，想扩展他们的设计革命理 念。他们的基本想法是，设计形式(1).应注重功能(2).表达方式力求简洁(3).消除所有视觉上的繁复，以创造一种新的美感秩序。
      由此可知，包浩斯学派不只在建筑、平面设计、舞台设计与摄影上佔有一席之地，也力求在电影艺术中建立势力。
      谈到抽象动画，不得不谈到德国的实验动画家费辛杰(Fischinger)与李克特(Richter)，此时的他正在柏林拍摄抽象动画；然而，在布达佩 斯，做这种事的只有拉斯洛．摩霍洛帝(Laszlo Moholy-Nagy)、亚歷山大．波特奈依克(Alexander Bortnyik)。我(John Halas)曾有机会做他们两位的助手，这使我尤感荣辛。
      摩霍洛帝是个醉心於摄影实验的人。他将金属片迅速移动，并拍下如是形成的精緻图案。他先把铝片、塑胶片、铁片和玻璃穿孔后串接在一起，做成一组精密的装置，最后再摆进画框裡。幻化出美丽的景像。这般拍摄到的抽象图案，呈现在萤幕上的魔景令人印象深刻。
      波特奈依克对於动画却另有一番想像。做过美术设计的他，更试图寻找人物动画的新风格。他眾多的作品当中，波特奈依克最富趣味的应该是他的自传电影动画。这 部片花了他一年的时间完成二分之一，之后就没有下文了——他从未完成这部片。因為不适应动画这种要花费大量时间和人工的媒体，他最后终於失去了兴趣，又回 到了美术设计的老本行。
      在同一时期，一位杰出的大学生乔治．帕尔开始从事广告卡通短片的製作，生產率是一天一片。剧本、美术设计、摄影和冲洗过程，都在一天的时间内包辨，所以每 一部片毫无例外地要从早忙到晚，以便赶上第二天在电影院裡放映。我曾在他手下学过四年，从这种快速作业中获益良多。也更从帕尔对於细节的谨慎、仔细估量观 眾的反应和他某种艺术家的直觉当中，习得了许多宝贵的经验。
      二次大战后，帕尔便投奔莱坞，成為美国科幻电影的重要先驱人物。相较於他，我则在1932年和盖乌拉．马可斯卡西(Gyula Macskassy)一起成立了动画片厂，之后我们受漫画家菲力克斯．卡索维兹之邀，加入了彩艺公司(Colortron Studio)。在短短的四年之内，我们拍出了四十二部动画短片，广告与实验兼具。
      但匈牙利动画真正开花还是在五Ｏ年代潘诺尼亚电影公司(Pannonia Film)成立之后。一群优秀的动画家盖拉乌．马可斯卡西、马塞尔．扬科维奇斯(Marcell Jankovics)、提拉．达盖(Attila Dargay)、约瑟夫．纳普(Josef Nepp)、山多．来亨布区勒(Sandor Reichenbuchler)、约瑟夫．盖美斯(Josef Gemes)。他们导了几部美国出资的卡通长片(如「河马雨果」)，这个经验使得盖美斯以「英雄时代」夺得了1985年安诺西影展的最佳动画长片奖。【作者/John Halas，譯者/邱莉燕】
                
                【Pannonia Film Studio】
      Pannonia Film Studio (also known as MAFILM Pannónia Filmstúdió) is the largest animation studio in Hungary, based in the capital of Budapest.
【History】
      The animation division of the Hungarian Film Production Company was founded by Gyula Macskássy in 1951. It became independent, taking the name "Pannónia Filmstúdió", in 1956. For more than three decades the studio created many cartoons; a list is shown below. In 1990, with Hungary changing its political system, Pannónia lost its monopoly on Hungarian cartoon production, and the Hungarian National Television Company has stopped financing its cartoon series. Nonetheless, Pannónia continued to produce animated films as late as 2004.
【People working at PannóniaFilm】
      Aside from Macskássy, PannóniaFilm's roster of notable animators includes György Várnai, Tibor Csermák, József Nepp, Attila Dargay, Marcell Jankovics, József Gémes, Tamás Szabó Sípos, Béla Ternovszky, Ottó Foky, István Imre, Ferenc Rófusz, György Kovásznai, Sándor Reisenbüchler, István Orosz, Líviusz Gyulai, Béla Vajda, Kati Macskássy, Dóra Keresztes, Zsolt Richly, Éva M Tóth, Géza M Tóth and Sófia Péterffy.
                
                
                
                      Pannonia Film Studio的創始人，匈牙利動畫之父。
      Gyula Macskassy was one of the best artists,dominating the field of animation for adults until his untimely death in 1971.His work include A Romantic Story (1964).The Great Man (1968) and three filmes made in 1970,The Success,Assistance and Behind Bars.
                
                【豆瓣词条】决斗 Párbaj (1961)
      一个很诙谐的短片，讲述了科学知识与野蛮武力的对决，结果当然是知识V5。
      Awards：Duel by Gyula Macskássy: 1961 Cannes - Special Prize of the Jury
                
                      Attila Dargay (June 20, 1927 - October 20, 2009) was an animator from Hungary. He was born in Mezőnyék.
      He finished his academic studies in 1948. He worked at Hungary's National Theatre as scenery painter; then he became an animated-film director in 1957. His films are popular among both children and adults. He died aged 82 in Budapest. _详见豆瓣影人词条
【Films List】
Director
A három nyúl (1972)
Mattie the Goose-boy (Lúdas Matyi (1977)
Vuk (1981)
Szaffi (1985)
Captain of the Forest (Az erdő kapitánya (1988)
Writer
A hetedik testvér (1995)
                
                【豆瓣词条】《黑猫扎飞》（Szaffi）
      【文献参考】Szaffi is a 1985 Hungarian animated film directed by Attila Dargay. It is based on the 1885 book The Gypsy Baron by Mór Jókai, about the romance between a poor Hungarian aristocrat and a mysterious Roma-looking Turkish girl in the 18th century. Music from Johann Strauss II's operetta The Gypsy Baron, based on the same novel, is used for the film's soundtrack.
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】 不详。
                
                      介绍【一】、【二】。_详见豆瓣影人词条
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】
      Primarily a writer of screenplays though he has worked on backgrounds and layouts, Hungarian animator József Nepp made Tale About the Beetle in 1963 Simply drawn with smooth animation, the seven minute cartoon follows a rather odd character through his day, waking up, suffering an insect attack whilst in control of a motor vehicle, correcting the incorrect at his place of work and nearly meeting the mother of his future children. The visual gags accumulate readily enough though it is the inventiveness of the animator that really distinguishes the short - the view from the windscreen as the car careers out of control, the encircling of the fingers as our intrepid quality controller spots the product that has gone awry, reading a paper as the music reinforces the content. Hungarian animation was deemed very strong in the 1950s with Pannonia Film Studio in Budapest producing work of quality. Odd then that the country is not now viewed in quite the same light as, say, Russia or the Czech Republic for its animation work, the exception proving the rule with Ferenc Rofusz's 1981 short, The Fly, winning the Academy Award for Animated Short Film, the first Hungarian film of any type to win an Oscar. Unlike some ex-Soviet Bloc countries, the country did not have quite the same state sponsored media machine creating its own animated material. Pannonia lives on however, its latest movie being Marcell Jankovics' The Tragedy of Man. Back to József. A major figure in Hungarian animation in the 1960s and 1970s known for his Gustavus series, Mézga Family and Next, Please! he remains influential. Latterly he has been involved in a new sequel to the hit film of 1986, Cat City. Like its predecessor, Cat City 2: The Cat of Satan is regarded as something of a cult movie. Not to forget Tale About the Beetle that is such an original gem I'm glad to have discovered in the highways and byways that make YouTube such an interesting resource. In the next day or so I'll consider some of the Gustav movies, showcasing some gems of Hungarian animation.
                
                      Csaba Varga(Mezocsokonya,1945) favoured two techniques,drawing and clay animation.He used drawings to represent the constant metamorphisis of images.His first successful work was Erased By Time (1980),followed by Waltz (1984),a kaleidoscope of bodies,objects and memories which was unfotunately spoiled by an artifical anti-militartistic finale.Aszel(The Wind,1985)is based on recurring’cycles’of drawings.A pure creation of black on white(with drawings by Ferenc Banga),the film does not have a plot,but only drawings which multioly and become more complicated to the rhythm of an obsessive soundtrack,like a hymn to perpetual chage.His other work is comical,expressed through clay animation.His major character is Augusta,a funny,clumsy housewife who first appeared in The Dinner (1980) The finest film in the series is Augusta Dressed Up (1984),winner of several international awards.Varga,who admits to being influenced by American classic comedy,refers also to his background as a scholar and teacher of mathematics to prove that laughter is a matter of logic and the contradiction thereof. _详见豆瓣影人词条
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】 不详。
                
                      【文献参考】Rofusz was born in 1946 in Budapest. His interest in animation and film making started relatively early. During his studies he took special drawing and animating courses. He started to work at the Hungarian film studio Mafilm as set designer, set painter and animator. In 1968 he joined Pannónia Filmstúdió and partnered Marcell Jankovics on the animation project Gusztáv ("Gustavus"). In 1974 he made his first animated film A kő ("The Stone"), and six years later for A Légy ("The Fly") he received the 1981 Academy Award for Animated Short Film.
      Hungary was a Communist country at the time, and Rófusz himself was not allowed to leave the country to attend the Oscars. However, without his knowledge, somebody accepted the award for him during the show.
      In the early 1980s, Rofusz released two new animated films, Holtpont ("Deadlock", Stuttgart - Special Prize of the Jury 1984) and Gravitáció ("Gravity", OIAF Award, 1984). In 1988 he moved to Canada and began working at Toronto's Nelvana studio. In 2002 he returned to Hungary. Some of his recent works include Tüzet szüntess! ("Cease Fire!", 2003), A Dog’s Life (2005), and Ticket (2010), the latter of which won him the Children's Jury Award at the 10th Kecskemét Animation Film Festival._详见豆瓣影人词条
                
                【豆瓣词条】《苍蝇》（The Fly）
　　1982年奥斯卡最佳动画短片获奖作品。本片就是让各位哺乳纲灵长目的同人理解一下昆虫纲双翅目的生灵的感受而制作的。由素描作品构成的画面，是以苍蝇的视角来进行描绘的，声音则是以那刺耳的嗡嗡声音为主。　
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】 不详。
                
                      Sándor Reisenbüchler (1935 Budapest - 2004 Budapest) was a Hungarian animated film director and graphic artist.
      He took a degree in directing of films from the Academy of Theatre and Film Arts in Budapest. He was working for PannóniaFilm in Budapest since 1965. Folk tales, fantastic and ecological themes had a particular appeal to him; he was a self-taught graphic artist with pop-art influences. A unique figure on the Hungarian Art Scene, he was given the highest national prize for his achievements: the Kossuth Award._详见豆瓣影人词条
【Films List】
1968 "Kidnapping of the Sun and the Moon"
1972 "The Year of 1812"
1975 "Moon Flight"
1978 "Panic"
1983 "A Peacemaking Expedition"
1987 Isten Veled, Kis Sziget! ("Farewell, Little Island")
1990 Allegro vivace
1992 "Green Warnings For Every Day"
1995 Ecotópia
1999 Boldog világvége ("Merry Apocalypse")
2002 "The Advent of Light"
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】
      a collage film version of human history, conceived in the spirit of the '68 revolutions.
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】
      In this play the world is brought to life by the performers’ naked hands. Moving in a special window of light, the hands show us how a Brave Young Lad vanquished the Dragon who had kidnapped the Sun and the Moon. Before the show, the players offer a short interactive demonstration to teach viewers the secrets of hand animation.
                
                      Marcell Jankovics (born 21 October 1941) is a Hungarian graphic artist, cartoon director, animator and author. He received his Oscar nomination for the 1974 animated short movie "Sisyphus" That movie was used for a GMC Yukon Hybrid ad during the 2008 Super Bowl based on an agreement between the Hungarian film studio Pannónia and GM. He also received a Palme d'Or for the short movie "The Struggle" at the Cannes Film Festival in 1977. He has been presented multiple awards at the Kecskemét Animation Film Festival since 1985.
      He was born in Budapest, Hungary. From 1955 he attended the Pannonhalma Benedictine Secondary School. He started working at Pannónia in 1960. _详见豆瓣影人词条
                
                      第一、二是同一部作品《John the Hero》（1973），是第一部匈牙利出品的動畫片。
      【文献参考】後面幾幅是《Son of the White Mare》（1981），Marcell Jankovics的第二部劇情長片。
                
                【豆瓣词条】《SOS》
      A drowning man calls for help in vain because no one pays any attention to his shouts.
                
                Hungary
Kati Macskassy, Pannonia Film Studio, V&oumlr&oumlshadsereg u. 64
Budapest II, Hungary
Fax: + 36-1-176 7092
      Kati Macskassy is the daughter of Gyula Macskassy, the father of the Hungarian animation film industry who was its most important figure for all his life. Kati’s own achievement in animation was the creation of a new genre- the animation documentary film. Apart from her work in animation films, Kati has also made several films about the psychological and sociological problems of children that have won several festival awards. She also directed and edited many series for Hungarian television and has made commercials, documentaries, and art programs. At Duna Television, where Kati is Head of the Department of Children’s and Youth Programs, she has been producing a weekly children’s program. She is also leader of the animation section of the Hungarian Film and Television Artists’ Organization, and has served as jury member of numerous international film festivals in countries such as France, Yugoslavia, Japan, and Iran.
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】 不详。
                
                       Jozsef Gemes (Budapest,1939) was successful in the late 1960s,with Concetissimo (1969.) , Diszlepes(Parade,1970) and Event (1970) The Feature film Heroic Times(1985 with animated painting set in the late Middle Ages)was highly acclaimed by reviews,despite low box-office popularity.
                
                【豆瓣暂无此词条】 不详。
THE END