Baroque music
From Wikipedia---
Baroque music is the style of Western music extending approximately from 1600 to 1750.[1] This era follows the Renaissance and was followed in turn by the Classical era. The word "baroque" comes from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen pearl",[2] a negative description of the ornate and heavily ornamented music of this period; later, the name came to be applied also to its architecture.
The baroque period saw the creation of functional tonality. During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation, made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established opera as a musical genre. Many musical terms and concepts from this era are still in use today.
主要作曲家------
意大利:
科莱里(Arcangelo Corelli, 1653-1713)
A.斯卡拉蒂(Alessandro Scarlatti, 1660-1725)
维瓦尔第(Antonio Vivaldi, 1678-1741)
D.斯卡拉蒂(Domenico Scarlatti, 1685-1757)
德国:
巴赫(Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750)
J.S. Bach Goldberg Variations, BWV988
亨德尔(George Frideric Handel, 1685-1759)
泰勒曼(Georg Philipp Telemann, 1681-1767)
法国:
吕利(Jean-Baptiste Lully, 1632-1687)
弗朗索瓦·库普兰(Francois Couperin, 1668-1733)
让-腓力·拉莫(Jean-Philippe Rameau, 1683-1764)
英国:
普赛尔(Henry Purcell, 1659-1695)
音乐创作-------
巴洛克音乐创作的发展中心以贵族的宫廷、私人组织的学会以及天主教教会为主,其中又以宫廷最具影响力。此时期的音乐创作除了适合在宫廷里演奏的大协奏曲(concerto grosso)以外,还有贵族沙龙里带有私密气氛的小规模乐器奏鸣曲(Sonata);弥撒、神剧、受难曲以及丰富的管风琴曲目,令教堂充满了圣神的光彩;另外,歌剧在威尼斯快速兴起,借着音乐和戏剧的结合将情感抒发到最高点。音乐创作从此步入了一个蓬勃发展的阶段。[2]
乐器作品的类型--------
当时富有的贵族大多都拥有专属的乐团,以便在宫廷中娱乐宾客,而变化多样又音域宽广的乐器曲就广受青睐。乐器曲崛起后,音乐的创意更有了发挥空间,音乐家开始发展出不同的乐曲类型:[3]
组曲(Suite)
奏鸣曲(Sonata)
协奏曲(Concerto)
赋格曲(Fugue)
罗曼尼斯卡(Romanesca)
创作技法-------
数字低音(basso continuo)
顽固低音(basso ostinato)
赋格(fugual polyphony)
竞奏(concertato medium)
即兴演奏(improvisation)
Baroque music is the style of Western music extending approximately from 1600 to 1750.[1] This era follows the Renaissance and was followed in turn by the Classical era. The word "baroque" comes from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen pearl",[2] a negative description of the ornate and heavily ornamented music of this period; later, the name came to be applied also to its architecture.
The baroque period saw the creation of functional tonality. During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation, made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established opera as a musical genre. Many musical terms and concepts from this era are still in use today.
主要作曲家------
意大利:
科莱里(Arcangelo Corelli, 1653-1713)
A.斯卡拉蒂(Alessandro Scarlatti, 1660-1725)
维瓦尔第(Antonio Vivaldi, 1678-1741)
D.斯卡拉蒂(Domenico Scarlatti, 1685-1757)
德国:
巴赫(Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750)
J.S. Bach Goldberg Variations, BWV988
亨德尔(George Frideric Handel, 1685-1759)
泰勒曼(Georg Philipp Telemann, 1681-1767)
法国:
吕利(Jean-Baptiste Lully, 1632-1687)
弗朗索瓦·库普兰(Francois Couperin, 1668-1733)
让-腓力·拉莫(Jean-Philippe Rameau, 1683-1764)
英国:
普赛尔(Henry Purcell, 1659-1695)
音乐创作-------
巴洛克音乐创作的发展中心以贵族的宫廷、私人组织的学会以及天主教教会为主,其中又以宫廷最具影响力。此时期的音乐创作除了适合在宫廷里演奏的大协奏曲(concerto grosso)以外,还有贵族沙龙里带有私密气氛的小规模乐器奏鸣曲(Sonata);弥撒、神剧、受难曲以及丰富的管风琴曲目,令教堂充满了圣神的光彩;另外,歌剧在威尼斯快速兴起,借着音乐和戏剧的结合将情感抒发到最高点。音乐创作从此步入了一个蓬勃发展的阶段。[2]
乐器作品的类型--------
当时富有的贵族大多都拥有专属的乐团,以便在宫廷中娱乐宾客,而变化多样又音域宽广的乐器曲就广受青睐。乐器曲崛起后,音乐的创意更有了发挥空间,音乐家开始发展出不同的乐曲类型:[3]
组曲(Suite)
奏鸣曲(Sonata)
协奏曲(Concerto)
赋格曲(Fugue)
罗曼尼斯卡(Romanesca)
创作技法-------
数字低音(basso continuo)
顽固低音(basso ostinato)
赋格(fugual polyphony)
竞奏(concertato medium)
即兴演奏(improvisation)
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