如何写出好句子
如何写出好句子
好的句子是清楚、简洁、多变的句子，所谓清楚，指的是表达没有歧义。这是语言最基本的要求。简洁的意思是句子简单、明了，能用五个单词表达的意思，绝不用六个单词。多变的意思是句子的长度。句子结构要交叉变化。句子最好以较短的句子为主，但长短句要结合使用，不能要么就一直简单句，要么就一直是复合句和复杂句。
要想做到句型多变，简单易行的办法主要由以下这些：
□变换句型□
□利用同位语、插入语、独立主格结构、分词(现在/过去分词)短语、动词不定式短语、介词短语和形容词短语
□利用简单的修辞手段
□必要时，还可以考虑用倒装、强调句型和疑问句以变换句型
1. 变换句型造成变化
常见的句型有：简单句、并列句、复合句、并列句-复合句。
(1) 简单句：独立的单个句子。如：
We drove from Beijing to Shanghai in one day.
(2) 并列句：两个及以上的简单句合在一起所构成的句子，一般用连词and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet或关系副词”however, moreover, nevertheless, still, accordingly”等连接。如：
We were exhausted, but we arrived in time for my father’s birthday party.
He had never been to China; however, it had always been one of his ambitions.
(3) 复合句：一个主句加一个或多个从句即复合句。
Although he is now 79 years old, he still claims to be 65.
(4) 并列句-复合句：一个并列句加上一个或多个从句。
After it was all over, my dad claimed he knew we were planning something, but we we think he was really surprised.
请看下面这一小段文字：
Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. It fails to register depression with me. Slavery is sixty years in the past. The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you. The terrible struggle that made me an American out of a potential slave said “One the line!”, the Reconstruction said “Get set!”, and the generation before said “Go!” I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep. Slavery is the price I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me. It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
---Zora Neale Hurston
在这一小段文字中，作者交替使用了四种句型：
简单句：
It fails to register depression with me.
Slavery is sixty years in the past.
并列句：
The operation is successful and the patient is doing well, thank you.
I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep.
复合句：
Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves.
It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
并列句-复合句：
Slavery is the price that I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me.
It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
而且，争端中八个句子的长度也呈现出“长-短-短-较长-长-较长-较长-较长”的变化，很富有节奏感。
2. 利用同位语、插入语、独立主格结构、分词(现在/过去分词)短语、动词不定时短语、介词短语、形容词短语，变换句式结构。
(1) 同位语
After her father died, the little girl had no choice but to live in the countryside with her grandmother, who was a really kind-hearted woman.
After her father died, the little girl had no choice but to live in the countryside with her grandmother, a really kind-hearted woman.
He was so ascetic that he gave away his inheritance. Instead, he had to rely on the generous help of his Cambridge mentors, Russell and Keynes, to secure academic employment for him.
Always an ascetic, he gave away his inheritance. Instead, he had to rely on the generous help of his Cambridge mentors, Russell and Keynes, to secure academic employment for him.
(2) 插入语
The general atmosphere of the country and temperament of the people, and also the favorable climate, will undoubtedly offer many opportunites for an interesting social life.
The general atmosphere of the country and temperament of the people, let alone the favorable climate, will undoubtedly offer many opportunites for an interesting social life.
We must open the gate. If necessary, we will use force to open it.
We must open the gaet, by fore if necessary.
(3) 独立主格结构
He tucked a big bundle under his arm and entered the room.
A big bundle tucked under arm, he entered the room.
The tea was warm. The room was cozy and the conversation was light and pleasant.
The tea was warm, the room cozy, and the conversation was light and pleasant.
(4) 分词(现在/过去分词)短语
During this period, my father made a family which was closely united and curiously happy, as it has never been in my memory.
During this period, my father made a family closely united and curiously happy, as it has never been in my memory.
Justice theories have a long tradition, which can date back to Plato and Aristotle.
Justice theories have a long tradition, dating back to Plato and Aristotle.
(5) 介词短语
Not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea, whether it contians caffeine or not.
With or without caffeine, not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea.
The active ingredient in the mold turned out to be an infection-fighting agent that was enormously potent.
The active ingredient in the mold turned out to be an infection-fighting agent of enormous potency.
(7) 形容词短语
Only those who are ignorant of the modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
Only a person ignorant of the modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
Tragedies usually center around great personalitieswho are defeated by forces which are too great even for them to match.
Tragedies usually center around great personalitieswho are defeated by forces too great even for them to match.
3. 利用简单的修辞手段，如明喻、暗喻、拟人、排比，使句子出现变化。
(1) 明喻(用like和as连接起来的比喻关系)
Her curly hair was like that of the dog behind her.
The boss shot up from his chair like being stung by a wasp.
(2) 暗喻(一种比喻关系，但不用like 和as)
Life is a stage, we are just players, comic or tragic.
His exceptional performance in the film rocketed him to instant fame.
(3) 拟人
Once the flood drew back, ants began building their new nest.
After several bumps, the car caughed to a halt.
(4) 排比
His long journey completed and his men in the Corps of Discovery dispersed, Lewis died a few years later on his way to Washington, D.C, completely alone.
The Swiss watchmakers’ failure to capitalize on the invention of the digital timepiece was both astonishing and alarming---astonishing in that the Swiss had, since the beginings of the industrial revolution in Europe, been among the first to capitalize on technical innovations, alarming in that a tremendous industrial potential had been lost to their chief competitors, the watchmakers of Japan.
必要时，还可以考虑倒装、强调句型和疑问句以使句子出现变化(但要注意，这三种举行太抢眼，所以一篇文章里不可多用)
Never have most Chinese considered buying their house using bank’s loan.
So lovely was the baby that it drew all eyes in the room.
It was Coach+Calhoun who came up with the program of recruiting players from foreign countries.
What does he know that investors do not? Could Russia be heading towards another crash or a serious slowdown, as some analysts are now struggling?
好的句子是清楚、简洁、多变的句子，所谓清楚，指的是表达没有歧义。这是语言最基本的要求。简洁的意思是句子简单、明了，能用五个单词表达的意思，绝不用六个单词。多变的意思是句子的长度。句子结构要交叉变化。句子最好以较短的句子为主，但长短句要结合使用，不能要么就一直简单句，要么就一直是复合句和复杂句。
要想做到句型多变，简单易行的办法主要由以下这些：
□变换句型□
□利用同位语、插入语、独立主格结构、分词(现在/过去分词)短语、动词不定式短语、介词短语和形容词短语
□利用简单的修辞手段
□必要时，还可以考虑用倒装、强调句型和疑问句以变换句型
1. 变换句型造成变化
常见的句型有：简单句、并列句、复合句、并列句-复合句。
(1) 简单句：独立的单个句子。如：
We drove from Beijing to Shanghai in one day.
(2) 并列句：两个及以上的简单句合在一起所构成的句子，一般用连词and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet或关系副词”however, moreover, nevertheless, still, accordingly”等连接。如：
We were exhausted, but we arrived in time for my father’s birthday party.
He had never been to China; however, it had always been one of his ambitions.
(3) 复合句：一个主句加一个或多个从句即复合句。
Although he is now 79 years old, he still claims to be 65.
(4) 并列句-复合句：一个并列句加上一个或多个从句。
After it was all over, my dad claimed he knew we were planning something, but we we think he was really surprised.
请看下面这一小段文字：
Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. It fails to register depression with me. Slavery is sixty years in the past. The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you. The terrible struggle that made me an American out of a potential slave said “One the line!”, the Reconstruction said “Get set!”, and the generation before said “Go!” I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep. Slavery is the price I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me. It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
---Zora Neale Hurston
在这一小段文字中，作者交替使用了四种句型：
简单句：
It fails to register depression with me.
Slavery is sixty years in the past.
并列句：
The operation is successful and the patient is doing well, thank you.
I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep.
复合句：
Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves.
It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
并列句-复合句：
Slavery is the price that I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me.
It is a bully adventure and worth all that I have paid through my ancestors for it.
而且，争端中八个句子的长度也呈现出“长-短-短-较长-长-较长-较长-较长”的变化，很富有节奏感。
2. 利用同位语、插入语、独立主格结构、分词(现在/过去分词)短语、动词不定时短语、介词短语、形容词短语，变换句式结构。
(1) 同位语
After her father died, the little girl had no choice but to live in the countryside with her grandmother, who was a really kind-hearted woman.
After her father died, the little girl had no choice but to live in the countryside with her grandmother, a really kind-hearted woman.
He was so ascetic that he gave away his inheritance. Instead, he had to rely on the generous help of his Cambridge mentors, Russell and Keynes, to secure academic employment for him.
Always an ascetic, he gave away his inheritance. Instead, he had to rely on the generous help of his Cambridge mentors, Russell and Keynes, to secure academic employment for him.
(2) 插入语
The general atmosphere of the country and temperament of the people, and also the favorable climate, will undoubtedly offer many opportunites for an interesting social life.
The general atmosphere of the country and temperament of the people, let alone the favorable climate, will undoubtedly offer many opportunites for an interesting social life.
We must open the gate. If necessary, we will use force to open it.
We must open the gaet, by fore if necessary.
(3) 独立主格结构
He tucked a big bundle under his arm and entered the room.
A big bundle tucked under arm, he entered the room.
The tea was warm. The room was cozy and the conversation was light and pleasant.
The tea was warm, the room cozy, and the conversation was light and pleasant.
(4) 分词(现在/过去分词)短语
During this period, my father made a family which was closely united and curiously happy, as it has never been in my memory.
During this period, my father made a family closely united and curiously happy, as it has never been in my memory.
Justice theories have a long tradition, which can date back to Plato and Aristotle.
Justice theories have a long tradition, dating back to Plato and Aristotle.
(5) 介词短语
Not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea, whether it contians caffeine or not.
With or without caffeine, not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea.
The active ingredient in the mold turned out to be an infection-fighting agent that was enormously potent.
The active ingredient in the mold turned out to be an infection-fighting agent of enormous potency.
(7) 形容词短语
Only those who are ignorant of the modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
Only a person ignorant of the modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
Tragedies usually center around great personalitieswho are defeated by forces which are too great even for them to match.
Tragedies usually center around great personalitieswho are defeated by forces too great even for them to match.
3. 利用简单的修辞手段，如明喻、暗喻、拟人、排比，使句子出现变化。
(1) 明喻(用like和as连接起来的比喻关系)
Her curly hair was like that of the dog behind her.
The boss shot up from his chair like being stung by a wasp.
(2) 暗喻(一种比喻关系，但不用like 和as)
Life is a stage, we are just players, comic or tragic.
His exceptional performance in the film rocketed him to instant fame.
(3) 拟人
Once the flood drew back, ants began building their new nest.
After several bumps, the car caughed to a halt.
(4) 排比
His long journey completed and his men in the Corps of Discovery dispersed, Lewis died a few years later on his way to Washington, D.C, completely alone.
The Swiss watchmakers’ failure to capitalize on the invention of the digital timepiece was both astonishing and alarming---astonishing in that the Swiss had, since the beginings of the industrial revolution in Europe, been among the first to capitalize on technical innovations, alarming in that a tremendous industrial potential had been lost to their chief competitors, the watchmakers of Japan.
必要时，还可以考虑倒装、强调句型和疑问句以使句子出现变化(但要注意，这三种举行太抢眼，所以一篇文章里不可多用)
Never have most Chinese considered buying their house using bank’s loan.
So lovely was the baby that it drew all eyes in the room.
It was Coach+Calhoun who came up with the program of recruiting players from foreign countries.
What does he know that investors do not? Could Russia be heading towards another crash or a serious slowdown, as some analysts are now struggling?
