人类精子浓度以平均每年2%的比例下降
这项西班牙研究表明，即使在年轻男人身上，精子浓度也以平均每年2%的比例下降。
北京时间1月23日消息，据国外媒体报道，人类的精子数量正以惊人速度减少，在10年里减少最多高达38%，这很大程度上归咎于不合理的饮食和生活方式。西班牙一项研究表明，即使在年轻男人身上，精子浓度也以平均每年2%的比例下降。长此以往，不久就会到达不孕不育的精子水平。
一项历时10年、在200多名男子身上进行的研究显示，平均浓度从2001年每毫升7200万个游动精子下降到2011年每毫升5200万个游动精子。西班牙穆尔西亚大学的研究人员表示他们的发现非常重要，因为以前的研究证实每毫升不到4000万游动精子的浓度使人更难怀孕。参与这项新研究的杰米-门迪奥拉说：“如果年轻男子的精子浓度以平均每年2%的比例下降，他们的精子短时间内就会达到每毫升4000万的危险水平。”
在这项新研究中，穆尔西亚大学的研究人员比较了2001到2001年间从273名男子身上收集到的结果。这些志愿者年龄在18到23岁之间，住在穆尔西亚市附近的阿尔梅里亚镇。他们拿这些结果和10年后从215名穆尔西亚大学生身上收集到的样品做了比较。这些研究人员确保两个样本组有相同的年龄以及相似特征。他们发现，相比生活在阿尔梅里亚的男人，那些住在穆尔西亚的志愿者的精子数明显减少。
研究负责人、穆尔西亚大学预防医学与公共卫生教授阿尔贝托-托雷斯-坎特罗表示，这项研究意义重大，因为它是最早用10年时间评估西班牙年轻男子精子质量演变过程的研究。他说：“以前从来没有进展良好的研究着眼于西班牙男人精子质量的变化。但事实上，精子质量的退化不一定就表示不育男子的数量有所增加。这项研究针对的是精子质量，而并不是生育力。我们认为，采取一些包括更健康饮食和改善生活方式在内的预防措施可能提高精子质量。”
正是由于这个原因，穆尔西亚大学的研究人员强调了开展更多以生活方式干预为主的研究的紧迫性。他们认为生活方式的改变可能阻止精子质量的下降。《男科学》杂志刊登了这项研究。
2012年12月开展的一项法国研究显示精子数和质量从20世纪90年代以来大幅下降。研究人员认为这种趋势和饮食、生活方式、用于变性的化学药品甚至紧身内裤有关。1989到2005年间，参与这样研究的2.6万名男子的平均精子数下降三分之一，这增加不孕危险。另外，健康精子数量也以相似比例减少。
这项研究非常重要，因为它有2.66万名男子参与，或许是世界上最大的研究样本。这些发现还证实，过去20年的研究表明世界上许多国家的精子数有所下降。研究人员说，下降趋势在过去17年里是逐步进行的，这表明问题还在持续中。英国一位知名专家说，精子数减少必然影响男子生育力，要用研究弄清楚其中原因。
更多阅读
国外媒体相关报道（英文）
Sperm quality has declined by 38% in a decade - and poor diet and lifestyle could be to blame
Sperm counts are falling at an alarming rate - up to 38 per cent in a decade - with diet and lifestyle largely to blame.
A Spanish study has found that even in young men, sperm concentration fell by an average of two per cent a year - and could soon hit levels where fertility is compromised.
A ten year-study of more than 200 men found the average concentration went from 72 million spermatozoids per millilitre in 2001 to 52 million/ml in 2011.
The researchers, from the University of Murcia. say the findings are important because previous research has shown that a concentration lower than 40 million/ml makes conception more difficult.
'If the rate of loss we have outlines continues, with an average decline in quality of two per cent per year, the sperm of young men could reach this danger level of 40 million/ml in a very short space of time,' said co-researcher Professor Jaime Mendiola.
In the study, researchers at the University of Murcia compared the results of 273 men aged between 18 and 23 years from the nearby town of Almeria, collected between 2001 and 2002.
They compared these with samples collected ten years later by 215 undergraduates from Murcia, all the while ensuring that both
sample groups had the same age range and similar characteristics.
The researchers found that men living in Murcia had a significantly lower sperm count compared to those living in Almeria.
Furthermore, 40 per cent of the university students in Murcia had an alteration to one parameter of their sperm, e.g. the mobility or morphology.
Lead researcher Alberto Torres Cantero, professor of Preventative Medicine and Public Health at the university, said the study was also significant because it was the first study to evaluate the evolution of sperm quality in young Spanish men over ten years.
'Before, there were no well performed studies to detect a change in sperm quality in Spain,' he said.
But he added the fact that semen quality has worsened does not necessarily mean that the number of infertile men has increased.
He said: 'This study measures semen quality and not fertility, for which specific criteria established by the World Health Organisation are used.'
'We believe that some prevention actions involving lifestyle improvements, such as a healthier diet, could increase sperm quality,' he added.
For this reason, the authors stress the urgency for more research to highlight lifestyle interventions that could stem the decline in sperm quality.
The research is published in the journal Andrology.
Only last month a major French study found that sperm counts and quality have fallen sharply since the start of the 1990s.
It is believed the trend is linked to diet, lifestyle and ‘gender bender’ chemicals - and possibly even tight underwear.
Between 1989 and 2005, average sperm counts fell by a third in the study of 26,000 men, increasing their risk of infertility. The amount of healthy sperm was also reduced, by a similar proportion.
The study is important because, with over 26,600 men involved, it is probably the largest studied sample in the world.
The findings also confirm research over the past 20 years that has shown sperm counts declining in many countries across the world.
The fact that the decline was progressive over the 17-year period indicates the problem is ongoing, the researchers said.
A leading British expert said it was inevitable that falling sperm counts would affect male fertility and action was needed to investigate the causes.
原文链接：http://www.bioku.net/archives/3591
北京时间1月23日消息，据国外媒体报道，人类的精子数量正以惊人速度减少，在10年里减少最多高达38%，这很大程度上归咎于不合理的饮食和生活方式。西班牙一项研究表明，即使在年轻男人身上，精子浓度也以平均每年2%的比例下降。长此以往，不久就会到达不孕不育的精子水平。
一项历时10年、在200多名男子身上进行的研究显示，平均浓度从2001年每毫升7200万个游动精子下降到2011年每毫升5200万个游动精子。西班牙穆尔西亚大学的研究人员表示他们的发现非常重要，因为以前的研究证实每毫升不到4000万游动精子的浓度使人更难怀孕。参与这项新研究的杰米-门迪奥拉说：“如果年轻男子的精子浓度以平均每年2%的比例下降，他们的精子短时间内就会达到每毫升4000万的危险水平。”
在这项新研究中，穆尔西亚大学的研究人员比较了2001到2001年间从273名男子身上收集到的结果。这些志愿者年龄在18到23岁之间，住在穆尔西亚市附近的阿尔梅里亚镇。他们拿这些结果和10年后从215名穆尔西亚大学生身上收集到的样品做了比较。这些研究人员确保两个样本组有相同的年龄以及相似特征。他们发现，相比生活在阿尔梅里亚的男人，那些住在穆尔西亚的志愿者的精子数明显减少。
研究负责人、穆尔西亚大学预防医学与公共卫生教授阿尔贝托-托雷斯-坎特罗表示，这项研究意义重大，因为它是最早用10年时间评估西班牙年轻男子精子质量演变过程的研究。他说：“以前从来没有进展良好的研究着眼于西班牙男人精子质量的变化。但事实上，精子质量的退化不一定就表示不育男子的数量有所增加。这项研究针对的是精子质量，而并不是生育力。我们认为，采取一些包括更健康饮食和改善生活方式在内的预防措施可能提高精子质量。”
正是由于这个原因，穆尔西亚大学的研究人员强调了开展更多以生活方式干预为主的研究的紧迫性。他们认为生活方式的改变可能阻止精子质量的下降。《男科学》杂志刊登了这项研究。
2012年12月开展的一项法国研究显示精子数和质量从20世纪90年代以来大幅下降。研究人员认为这种趋势和饮食、生活方式、用于变性的化学药品甚至紧身内裤有关。1989到2005年间，参与这样研究的2.6万名男子的平均精子数下降三分之一，这增加不孕危险。另外，健康精子数量也以相似比例减少。
这项研究非常重要，因为它有2.66万名男子参与，或许是世界上最大的研究样本。这些发现还证实，过去20年的研究表明世界上许多国家的精子数有所下降。研究人员说，下降趋势在过去17年里是逐步进行的，这表明问题还在持续中。英国一位知名专家说，精子数减少必然影响男子生育力，要用研究弄清楚其中原因。
更多阅读
国外媒体相关报道（英文）
Sperm quality has declined by 38% in a decade - and poor diet and lifestyle could be to blame
Sperm counts are falling at an alarming rate - up to 38 per cent in a decade - with diet and lifestyle largely to blame.
A Spanish study has found that even in young men, sperm concentration fell by an average of two per cent a year - and could soon hit levels where fertility is compromised.
A ten year-study of more than 200 men found the average concentration went from 72 million spermatozoids per millilitre in 2001 to 52 million/ml in 2011.
The researchers, from the University of Murcia. say the findings are important because previous research has shown that a concentration lower than 40 million/ml makes conception more difficult.
'If the rate of loss we have outlines continues, with an average decline in quality of two per cent per year, the sperm of young men could reach this danger level of 40 million/ml in a very short space of time,' said co-researcher Professor Jaime Mendiola.
In the study, researchers at the University of Murcia compared the results of 273 men aged between 18 and 23 years from the nearby town of Almeria, collected between 2001 and 2002.
They compared these with samples collected ten years later by 215 undergraduates from Murcia, all the while ensuring that both
sample groups had the same age range and similar characteristics.
The researchers found that men living in Murcia had a significantly lower sperm count compared to those living in Almeria.
Furthermore, 40 per cent of the university students in Murcia had an alteration to one parameter of their sperm, e.g. the mobility or morphology.
Lead researcher Alberto Torres Cantero, professor of Preventative Medicine and Public Health at the university, said the study was also significant because it was the first study to evaluate the evolution of sperm quality in young Spanish men over ten years.
'Before, there were no well performed studies to detect a change in sperm quality in Spain,' he said.
But he added the fact that semen quality has worsened does not necessarily mean that the number of infertile men has increased.
He said: 'This study measures semen quality and not fertility, for which specific criteria established by the World Health Organisation are used.'
'We believe that some prevention actions involving lifestyle improvements, such as a healthier diet, could increase sperm quality,' he added.
For this reason, the authors stress the urgency for more research to highlight lifestyle interventions that could stem the decline in sperm quality.
The research is published in the journal Andrology.
Only last month a major French study found that sperm counts and quality have fallen sharply since the start of the 1990s.
It is believed the trend is linked to diet, lifestyle and ‘gender bender’ chemicals - and possibly even tight underwear.
Between 1989 and 2005, average sperm counts fell by a third in the study of 26,000 men, increasing their risk of infertility. The amount of healthy sperm was also reduced, by a similar proportion.
The study is important because, with over 26,600 men involved, it is probably the largest studied sample in the world.
The findings also confirm research over the past 20 years that has shown sperm counts declining in many countries across the world.
The fact that the decline was progressive over the 17-year period indicates the problem is ongoing, the researchers said.
A leading British expert said it was inevitable that falling sperm counts would affect male fertility and action was needed to investigate the causes.
原文链接：http://www.bioku.net/archives/3591
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