那些高端大气的表达
随手摘录各种固定表达,英文中的外来语,高等级词汇,日后整理:
一、【来自Greek&Latin】
a fortiori 更进一步说,更加,for the stronger reason,有时候可以意译为更不用说。例如:If he can afford a luxury yacht, then a fortiori he can afford to pay his debt。
absentia:拉丁文:in absentia:当你不在场的时候的对你做出的决定:be awarded a degree in absentia
ad nauseam,到了令人作呕的程度:These examples could be multiplied ad nauseam, but the point is made.
bona fide: the bona fide works ,来自拉丁语,意思是genuine,real,真的,真实的
de facto,实际上存在的(其反义词是de jure,法律上存在的):Even after slavery was outlawed by the govrnment, de fato discrimination still existed in many areas.
ignoramus: 拉丁文:笨蛋,无知的人(好高端大气啊)
in medias res: 拉丁文:直入本题,直接进入主要问题:the reader who likes to be plunged in medias res……
in toto,拉丁语:全部,全然,totally
ipso facto:事实上,根据事实来说:His confession of ignorance of French is, ipso facto, a confession of unfitness for his present office.
magnum opus 拉丁语:巨著(单数形式),复数为:magna opera
membra disjecta, 拉丁语 :shattered fragments.
parerga and paralipomena 希腊语,意思是“附录”和“遗漏”,出自叔本华的著作,被布尔迪厄用作小节名称。【paralipomena是复数形式,单数为paralipomenon,也被用在Adorno的Aesthetic Theory中】
per contra,拉丁语:相反地,反之
prima facie,拉丁语:乍看的,初步印象There is prima facie evidence that he was involved in the fraud.
qualitas occulta,拉丁语:隐藏的性质
quid pro quo:拉丁语:平等的交换或替代:this method has its risks in terms of quid pro quo
sine qua non,拉丁语:必备的要素:the appearance is the sine qua non of artworks.
status quo,拉丁语:现存的状况,已成事实的状况
summum bonum 拉丁语:the highest good:adaption to reality becomes summum bonum.
sui generis 拉丁语,意思是of its own kind(独特的、唯一的、有自己的种类,自成一类):artworks have a life sui generis.又例如:“sui generis works like Mary Chesnut's Civil War diary”
二、【来自法语或其他语言】
je ne sais quoi.这本是法文,意思是“我不知道是什么”。在英语中,这个固定表达意思是“难以捉摸的东西”、“难以言喻的东西”、“妙不可言的东西”,如:the je ne sais quoi of taste就是“趣味的难以言喻”。
laissez-faire:法文,意思是“let do”,也就是“放任自由”,“无干涉”,搁在中国哲学里叫“无为而治”。
raison d'être ,法语:存在的理由,在英文著作中经常出现。
tour de force,法语:字面意义是feat of strength,在英语中经常出现,一般在英语中指“杰作”,即艺术家、文学家所创造的非常杰出的、技巧高超的作品,你可以称呼某部伟大的作品为tour de force。
tout court,法语:意思是shortly,简单地,简短地。
三、【要学会用高等级词汇】
audacious可代替brave:an audacious interpretation of two Jacobean dramas.
aporia 窘迫,难点:this is the aporia of translation.to extricate xxx from this aporia.
castigate,可代替punish
comportment可代替behaviour
delusive可代替misleading
disparate意思是different in every way。
divulge 可代替reveal
elliptical椭圆的,这是一般的常用意义,但是还可以表示“晦涩的、难懂的”,例如elliptical language或者elliptical text,这比difficult 或obscure要厉害吧?
emblematic可代替symbolic
engender 产生: The issue engendered controversy.
evince【xxx说明了xxx】可代替:manifest,show
exigency,可代替crisis
germane to可代替relevant to:it is obviously germane to the problems.
ilk,可代替type
indignation,可代替anger
mayhem可以指伤害(法律上的)、破坏commit mayhem,也可以指“混乱”,No reader could imagine the linguistic mayhem this translation is built on.
opprobrium,可以代替disgrace
protean可代替various:he loves to show off his protean talents.
putative,可代替supposed
qua,用来代替as:The President qua head of the party mediated the dispute.
rancor,可代替enmity,还可以是animosity
ratify可代替approve
rebuff可代替refuse
stepwise意思是逐渐的,但也可以用作副词,可代替gradually
subterranean可代替hidden.比如说隐藏的关系:the subterranean relations.
veritablely 可代替truely;veritable可代替true
voracious可代替greedy
四、【other expressions】
……,the conclusion goes,……
Notwithstanding, these references can be interpreted very differently, and lead to very dissimilar conclusions.
你是不是在表示结果或者影响的时候还在用“result”?现在可以用the upshot is……
当你想表达“无论如何,不管怎样”的时候,你是否还在用“anyway”?那么考虑下“at all events”或者“at any rate”
it goes without saying that……
it follows that, ……由此可以得出结论(通常可以用在一段开头)
in a nutshell 总而言之,一言以蔽之,也可以说put xx in a nutshell.
In lieu of 即 instead of:In lieu of carrying an umbrella, I wore a waterproof coat and cap.
vis-à-vis面对面地,对等的。the doctrine of disinterested satisfaction is impoverished vis-à-vis the aesthetic.
to kindle a question
warmed-over romanticism:warmed-over陈腐的,老套的
by virtue of 由于,通过XX的力量
to the extent that用来强调一种程度
insofar as……
the same holds true for……
put in different terms……
I contend that……(contend:主张,认为,与argue一样)
for good measure,另外,除此之外
一、【来自Greek&Latin】
a fortiori 更进一步说,更加,for the stronger reason,有时候可以意译为更不用说。例如:If he can afford a luxury yacht, then a fortiori he can afford to pay his debt。
absentia:拉丁文:in absentia:当你不在场的时候的对你做出的决定:be awarded a degree in absentia
ad nauseam,到了令人作呕的程度:These examples could be multiplied ad nauseam, but the point is made.
bona fide: the bona fide works ,来自拉丁语,意思是genuine,real,真的,真实的
de facto,实际上存在的(其反义词是de jure,法律上存在的):Even after slavery was outlawed by the govrnment, de fato discrimination still existed in many areas.
ignoramus: 拉丁文:笨蛋,无知的人(好高端大气啊)
in medias res: 拉丁文:直入本题,直接进入主要问题:the reader who likes to be plunged in medias res……
in toto,拉丁语:全部,全然,totally
ipso facto:事实上,根据事实来说:His confession of ignorance of French is, ipso facto, a confession of unfitness for his present office.
magnum opus 拉丁语:巨著(单数形式),复数为:magna opera
membra disjecta, 拉丁语 :shattered fragments.
parerga and paralipomena 希腊语,意思是“附录”和“遗漏”,出自叔本华的著作,被布尔迪厄用作小节名称。【paralipomena是复数形式,单数为paralipomenon,也被用在Adorno的Aesthetic Theory中】
per contra,拉丁语:相反地,反之
prima facie,拉丁语:乍看的,初步印象There is prima facie evidence that he was involved in the fraud.
qualitas occulta,拉丁语:隐藏的性质
quid pro quo:拉丁语:平等的交换或替代:this method has its risks in terms of quid pro quo
sine qua non,拉丁语:必备的要素:the appearance is the sine qua non of artworks.
status quo,拉丁语:现存的状况,已成事实的状况
summum bonum 拉丁语:the highest good:adaption to reality becomes summum bonum.
sui generis 拉丁语,意思是of its own kind(独特的、唯一的、有自己的种类,自成一类):artworks have a life sui generis.又例如:“sui generis works like Mary Chesnut's Civil War diary”
二、【来自法语或其他语言】
je ne sais quoi.这本是法文,意思是“我不知道是什么”。在英语中,这个固定表达意思是“难以捉摸的东西”、“难以言喻的东西”、“妙不可言的东西”,如:the je ne sais quoi of taste就是“趣味的难以言喻”。
laissez-faire:法文,意思是“let do”,也就是“放任自由”,“无干涉”,搁在中国哲学里叫“无为而治”。
raison d'être ,法语:存在的理由,在英文著作中经常出现。
tour de force,法语:字面意义是feat of strength,在英语中经常出现,一般在英语中指“杰作”,即艺术家、文学家所创造的非常杰出的、技巧高超的作品,你可以称呼某部伟大的作品为tour de force。
tout court,法语:意思是shortly,简单地,简短地。
三、【要学会用高等级词汇】
audacious可代替brave:an audacious interpretation of two Jacobean dramas.
aporia 窘迫,难点:this is the aporia of translation.to extricate xxx from this aporia.
castigate,可代替punish
comportment可代替behaviour
delusive可代替misleading
disparate意思是different in every way。
divulge 可代替reveal
elliptical椭圆的,这是一般的常用意义,但是还可以表示“晦涩的、难懂的”,例如elliptical language或者elliptical text,这比difficult 或obscure要厉害吧?
emblematic可代替symbolic
engender 产生: The issue engendered controversy.
evince【xxx说明了xxx】可代替:manifest,show
exigency,可代替crisis
germane to可代替relevant to:it is obviously germane to the problems.
ilk,可代替type
indignation,可代替anger
mayhem可以指伤害(法律上的)、破坏commit mayhem,也可以指“混乱”,No reader could imagine the linguistic mayhem this translation is built on.
opprobrium,可以代替disgrace
protean可代替various:he loves to show off his protean talents.
putative,可代替supposed
qua,用来代替as:The President qua head of the party mediated the dispute.
rancor,可代替enmity,还可以是animosity
ratify可代替approve
rebuff可代替refuse
stepwise意思是逐渐的,但也可以用作副词,可代替gradually
subterranean可代替hidden.比如说隐藏的关系:the subterranean relations.
veritablely 可代替truely;veritable可代替true
voracious可代替greedy
四、【other expressions】
……,the conclusion goes,……
Notwithstanding, these references can be interpreted very differently, and lead to very dissimilar conclusions.
你是不是在表示结果或者影响的时候还在用“result”?现在可以用the upshot is……
当你想表达“无论如何,不管怎样”的时候,你是否还在用“anyway”?那么考虑下“at all events”或者“at any rate”
it goes without saying that……
it follows that, ……由此可以得出结论(通常可以用在一段开头)
in a nutshell 总而言之,一言以蔽之,也可以说put xx in a nutshell.
In lieu of 即 instead of:In lieu of carrying an umbrella, I wore a waterproof coat and cap.
vis-à-vis面对面地,对等的。the doctrine of disinterested satisfaction is impoverished vis-à-vis the aesthetic.
to kindle a question
warmed-over romanticism:warmed-over陈腐的,老套的
by virtue of 由于,通过XX的力量
to the extent that用来强调一种程度
insofar as……
the same holds true for……
put in different terms……
I contend that……(contend:主张,认为,与argue一样)
for good measure,另外,除此之外
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