新概念英语第三册第十课（Lesson 10 the loss of gigantic）
What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th,
1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.
Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged.
Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
Southampton
n. 南安普敦（英国港市）
colossal
adj. 庞大的
watertight
adj. 不漏水的
compartment
n. （轮船的）密封舱
flood
v. 充满水
float
v. 漂浮，飘浮
tragic
adj. 悲惨的
liner
n. 班船
voyage
n. 航行
iceberg
n. 冰山
lookout
n. 了望员
collision
n. 碰撞
narrowly
adv. 刚刚，勉强地
miss
v. 避开
slight
adj. 轻微的
tremble
v. 震颤
faint
adj. 微弱的
horror
n. 恐惧
abandon
v. 抛弃
plunge
v. 投入，跳入
lifeboat
n. 救生船
Colossal adj.庞大的（= large in size）
-- A ship Titanic was colossal.
-- A colossal monument / A colossal statue
big
-- You give me a big surprise.
-- He is a big person.（重要）
-- The box is big.（large and heavy）
large（体积大 、数量大）
-- an empty large box（体积大） / a large number of people（数量大）
great （伟大）
vast （辽阔、广阔） -- vast desert
immense（adj.极广大的, 无边的）
-- immense = immeasurable 不可测量的 （measurable adj.可测量的）
-- an immense stadium / an immense iceberg
enormous（重点突出数量、程度、体积）---强调程度时比big语气, 且更正式。
-- We had an enormous lunch.
-- He made a big success. / He made an enormous success.
Giant（n.巨人, 大力士 adj.庞大的, 巨大的）= gigantic（adj.巨人般的, 巨大的）
-- a giant person
tremendous （= big、fast、powerful）
-- The plane is travelling at tremendous speed.
Titanic（用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大）
-- The ship is titanic.
Huge
-- 强调体积大a huge stone / 数量巨大a huge sum of money
watertight adj.不漏水的 （-- a watertight ship）
watertight（引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的）
-- watertight arguments 无懈可击的论点 / watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口
water proof（adj.防水的） proof（adj.不能透入的）
-- waterproof watch 防水手表 / waterproof coat 防水雨衣
compartment n.（轮船的）密封舱
flood v.布满水（= be filled with water）
-- The ship is flooded.
-- The room was flooded with moonlight.
-- Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.
Flood n.洪水（-- in flood 洪水泛滥）
-- During the rains, the river is in flood
引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的（-- in a flood of words ）
-- She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.
Float v.漂浮, 飘浮 = drift（vi,vt漂浮, 漂荡, 漂流 n.漂流物, 漂流）
tragic adj.悲惨的（= unfortunate）-- a tragic accident
miserable（adj.痛苦的, 悲惨的）
bitter adj.痛苦的
tragedy n.悲剧, 惨案（-- in tragedy以悲剧形式） -- The holiday ended in tragedy.
Comedy n.喜剧
comic adj.喜剧的, 滑稽的
comical adj.古怪的, 可笑的（含有贬义）
liner n.班船
voyage n.航行（海上航行）/ flight飞行 / journey长途行程
-- The voyage is more than the old lady can bear.
navigation 航海, 航行学, 航海[航空]术
-- navigation light 夜航灯光, 导航灯
Iceberg n.冰山
lookout n.了望员
collision n.碰撞
collide vi 碰撞, 抵触 -- The plane collided with the mountain.
crash v.坠毁 -- It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.
conflict vi.和某事（某人）相抵触 -- My idea conflicts with yours.
clash vi.相冲突 -- His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn't go.
Narrowly adv.刚刚，勉强地
miss v.避开
slight adj.稍微的
tremble v.震颤（有规律的、小幅度的抖动）
-- Look, your hands are trembling. what's wrong with you?
Shiver v.强调由于严寒、惧怕而一连串地抖动 -- I found he's shivering in a cold.
shudder vi.强调全身的颤栗 -- The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened.
Faint adj.微弱的（= weak adj.弱的, 虚弱的）
-- faint sound, weak sound / weak voice, faint voice
= unconscious（adj.失去知觉, 无意识的）
-- He has been faint for a long time.
slight adj.稍微的, 微不足道的 -- a slight headache 点稍微的头疼 / a slight book 一本微不足道的书
horror n.惧怕
abandon v.抛弃（因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物）
-- He abandoned his research because of the war.
desert （vt.放弃, 遗弃, 离弃） -- desert the army / desert the duty / desert his family
plunge v.投入，跳入（= jump or rush suddenly and wildly）
-- He got so angry that he plunge into the water.
-- When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into...
jump（侧重强调快速地跳） -- The boy is jumping up and down.
Leap vt. 跳跃, 跳越（-- He leapt out of the sleeping bad.）
Dive vi.潜水, 跳水, 下潜, 俯冲
lifeboat n.救生船
passenger n.乘客, 旅客
crew n.全体人员 ton n.吨, 大量, 许多
unsinkable adj.不会下沉的，不会沉底的
sinking n.沉没 Atlantic n.大西洋 adj.大西洋的
Alarm n.警报
Sharply adj.忽然地, 急剧地, 强烈地, 尖锐地
Direct adj.直接的, 笔直的
Trembling adj.发抖的, 震颤的, 颤抖的 n.发抖, 震颤
Text 课文
What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for... 背景介绍
sail for… 航海去往某处
set out for / set off for 出发去往某处
leave for / head for / make for 出发去往某处
-- He will set out for the Atlantic.
-- The plane is making for the airport.
-- We are heading for Canada.
She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.
She was carrying... （carry 表示载有）
a crew of 一组人员
Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
modern standards 现代的标准
by = according to 表示依据
-- by regulation依据规则 （regulation n.规则, 规章）
-- by rules依据条例（rule n.规则, 惯例）
-- by our estimate 依据我们的估计（estimate n.估计, 估价, 评估 v.估计, 估价, 评估）
-- by one's looks = by one's appearance 根据某人的长相（appearance n.外貌, 出现）
according to… 依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
-- according to the fact 依据事实
-- according to the Text 依据这篇课文
in accordance with = according to
in accordance with… 依据（法律等），更加正式
-- in accordance with law / in accordance with rules
in my opinion 在我看来
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
At that time 在当时
not only... but(also)... 不仅…而且…
be regarded as = be considered to be = be thought of as 把...看作为
口语中：regard sb./sth. As (n./porn./adj./doing/done)
-- I regard his idea as totally unacceptable.（adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的）
-- We can't regard the matter as settled.（adj.定下的, 决定的）
for 表示原因
Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
be able to 强调有能力
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
be remembered 被永远记住 （always adv.永远, 始终, 总是）
go down = sink
on her first voyage 处女航, 首航
with heavy loss of life 损失惨重, 造成大批人员的死亡
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
four days after setting out... = four days after setting off...
spotted = discovered
icy（adj.冰冷的, 冷淡的, 盖着冰的） waters（n.水域, 海域）
After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
the alarm had been given 发出警报
to avoid... 不定式表目的
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
Just in time 很及时
Missing… 现在分词做状语, 对主句的补充说明
which 指代the immense wall of ice
Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
from below 从下方 / from above 从上方
The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
So faint that no one thought that...（so...that…）
Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
to one's horror 使某人感到惊恐
to one's surprise 使某人感到惊奇
The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
The order was given 命令被下达 / to abandon ship 弃船（不定式做定语）
-- be able to do sth 能够做某事 / the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
-- order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 / the order to do sth 做某事的命令
-- be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 / capability of doing sth 做某事的能力
ability（n.能力, 才干）
capable（adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的）
capability（n.能力, 才能, 才干）
As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
As = because
Special difficulties 难点
1>动词后加-er
假如是以不发音的e结尾的, 只加r（表示行为的主动者, 做某事的人）。
work worker / teachteacher / writewriter / readreader
murder（vt.谋杀, 凶杀） murderer（n.杀人犯, 凶手）
2>动词、名词后加-ist （表示某种主义信仰者, 从事某种职业、研究的人。）
Copy copyist（n.抄写员, 模拟者）
type typist（n.打字员）
novel（n.小说, 长篇故事） novelist（n.小说作家）
drug（n.药） druggist（n.药商, 药剂师）
tobacco（n.烟草, 烟草制品） tobacconist（n.烟草商, 烟店）
3 >形容词后加-ness（抽象名词, 表示一种性质、情况、状态）
kind kindness（n.仁慈, 亲切, 好意, 善意）
bitter bitterness（n.苦味, 辛酸, 苦难）
happy happiness（n.幸福, 快乐）--- 以结尾要变y为i加ness.
willing（adj.乐意的, 自愿的） willingness（n.自动自发,积极肯干）
4>某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。
Suggest suggestion
possess（vt.占有, 拥有, 持有） possession（n.拥有, 占有）
collect collection（n.收藏, 搜集品）
以-te结尾的动词, 把不发音的-e去掉, 在加-ion.
Translate（vt.翻译, 解释, 转化） translation（n.翻译, 译文, 转化）
complete completion（n.完成）
graduate（v.(使)(大学)毕业） graduation（n.毕业, 毕业典礼）
某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉，在加-ation.
Explain（v.解释, 说明） explanation（n.解释, 解说, 说明）
Exclaim（v.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫） exclamation（n.惊叫, 喊叫）
5>（以-able/-ible结尾的）形容词之后加-ity变成（以-ability/-ibility结尾的）抽象名词
（表示性质、状态）
able ability
probable（adj.很可能的, 大概的） probability（n.可能性, 或然性, 概率）
possible（adj.可能的） possibility（n.可能性, 可能发生的事物）
mobile（adj.可移动的, 机动的） mobility（n.活动性, 灵活性, 机动性）
Exercise：
Violin（n.小提琴） violinist（n.小提琴演奏者, 小提琴家）
Responsible（adj.有责任的, 可靠的） responsibility（n.责任, 职责）
Careless（adj.粗心的, 疏忽的） carelessness
1> physics（n.物理学） physicist（n.物理学者, 唯物论者）
2> mine（n.矿v.开采, 开矿） miner（n.矿工）
3> human（n.人类adj.人类的） humanity（n.人性, 人类）
4> impress（vt.留下印象） impression（n.印象, 感想）
-- make a good impression
5> original（adj.最初的, 原始的） originality（n.创意, 创造性）
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th,
1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.
Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged.
Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
Southampton
n. 南安普敦（英国港市）
colossal
adj. 庞大的
watertight
adj. 不漏水的
compartment
n. （轮船的）密封舱
flood
v. 充满水
float
v. 漂浮，飘浮
tragic
adj. 悲惨的
liner
n. 班船
voyage
n. 航行
iceberg
n. 冰山
lookout
n. 了望员
collision
n. 碰撞
narrowly
adv. 刚刚，勉强地
miss
v. 避开
slight
adj. 轻微的
tremble
v. 震颤
faint
adj. 微弱的
horror
n. 恐惧
abandon
v. 抛弃
plunge
v. 投入，跳入
lifeboat
n. 救生船
Colossal adj.庞大的（= large in size）
-- A ship Titanic was colossal.
-- A colossal monument / A colossal statue
big
-- You give me a big surprise.
-- He is a big person.（重要）
-- The box is big.（large and heavy）
large（体积大 、数量大）
-- an empty large box（体积大） / a large number of people（数量大）
great （伟大）
vast （辽阔、广阔） -- vast desert
immense（adj.极广大的, 无边的）
-- immense = immeasurable 不可测量的 （measurable adj.可测量的）
-- an immense stadium / an immense iceberg
enormous（重点突出数量、程度、体积）---强调程度时比big语气, 且更正式。
-- We had an enormous lunch.
-- He made a big success. / He made an enormous success.
Giant（n.巨人, 大力士 adj.庞大的, 巨大的）= gigantic（adj.巨人般的, 巨大的）
-- a giant person
tremendous （= big、fast、powerful）
-- The plane is travelling at tremendous speed.
Titanic（用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大）
-- The ship is titanic.
Huge
-- 强调体积大a huge stone / 数量巨大a huge sum of money
watertight adj.不漏水的 （-- a watertight ship）
watertight（引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的）
-- watertight arguments 无懈可击的论点 / watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口
water proof（adj.防水的） proof（adj.不能透入的）
-- waterproof watch 防水手表 / waterproof coat 防水雨衣
compartment n.（轮船的）密封舱
flood v.布满水（= be filled with water）
-- The ship is flooded.
-- The room was flooded with moonlight.
-- Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.
Flood n.洪水（-- in flood 洪水泛滥）
-- During the rains, the river is in flood
引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的（-- in a flood of words ）
-- She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.
Float v.漂浮, 飘浮 = drift（vi,vt漂浮, 漂荡, 漂流 n.漂流物, 漂流）
tragic adj.悲惨的（= unfortunate）-- a tragic accident
miserable（adj.痛苦的, 悲惨的）
bitter adj.痛苦的
tragedy n.悲剧, 惨案（-- in tragedy以悲剧形式） -- The holiday ended in tragedy.
Comedy n.喜剧
comic adj.喜剧的, 滑稽的
comical adj.古怪的, 可笑的（含有贬义）
liner n.班船
voyage n.航行（海上航行）/ flight飞行 / journey长途行程
-- The voyage is more than the old lady can bear.
navigation 航海, 航行学, 航海[航空]术
-- navigation light 夜航灯光, 导航灯
Iceberg n.冰山
lookout n.了望员
collision n.碰撞
collide vi 碰撞, 抵触 -- The plane collided with the mountain.
crash v.坠毁 -- It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.
conflict vi.和某事（某人）相抵触 -- My idea conflicts with yours.
clash vi.相冲突 -- His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn't go.
Narrowly adv.刚刚，勉强地
miss v.避开
slight adj.稍微的
tremble v.震颤（有规律的、小幅度的抖动）
-- Look, your hands are trembling. what's wrong with you?
Shiver v.强调由于严寒、惧怕而一连串地抖动 -- I found he's shivering in a cold.
shudder vi.强调全身的颤栗 -- The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened.
Faint adj.微弱的（= weak adj.弱的, 虚弱的）
-- faint sound, weak sound / weak voice, faint voice
= unconscious（adj.失去知觉, 无意识的）
-- He has been faint for a long time.
slight adj.稍微的, 微不足道的 -- a slight headache 点稍微的头疼 / a slight book 一本微不足道的书
horror n.惧怕
abandon v.抛弃（因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物）
-- He abandoned his research because of the war.
desert （vt.放弃, 遗弃, 离弃） -- desert the army / desert the duty / desert his family
plunge v.投入，跳入（= jump or rush suddenly and wildly）
-- He got so angry that he plunge into the water.
-- When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into...
jump（侧重强调快速地跳） -- The boy is jumping up and down.
Leap vt. 跳跃, 跳越（-- He leapt out of the sleeping bad.）
Dive vi.潜水, 跳水, 下潜, 俯冲
lifeboat n.救生船
passenger n.乘客, 旅客
crew n.全体人员 ton n.吨, 大量, 许多
unsinkable adj.不会下沉的，不会沉底的
sinking n.沉没 Atlantic n.大西洋 adj.大西洋的
Alarm n.警报
Sharply adj.忽然地, 急剧地, 强烈地, 尖锐地
Direct adj.直接的, 笔直的
Trembling adj.发抖的, 震颤的, 颤抖的 n.发抖, 震颤
Text 课文
What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for... 背景介绍
sail for… 航海去往某处
set out for / set off for 出发去往某处
leave for / head for / make for 出发去往某处
-- He will set out for the Atlantic.
-- The plane is making for the airport.
-- We are heading for Canada.
She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.
She was carrying... （carry 表示载有）
a crew of 一组人员
Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
modern standards 现代的标准
by = according to 表示依据
-- by regulation依据规则 （regulation n.规则, 规章）
-- by rules依据条例（rule n.规则, 惯例）
-- by our estimate 依据我们的估计（estimate n.估计, 估价, 评估 v.估计, 估价, 评估）
-- by one's looks = by one's appearance 根据某人的长相（appearance n.外貌, 出现）
according to… 依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
-- according to the fact 依据事实
-- according to the Text 依据这篇课文
in accordance with = according to
in accordance with… 依据（法律等），更加正式
-- in accordance with law / in accordance with rules
in my opinion 在我看来
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
At that time 在当时
not only... but(also)... 不仅…而且…
be regarded as = be considered to be = be thought of as 把...看作为
口语中：regard sb./sth. As (n./porn./adj./doing/done)
-- I regard his idea as totally unacceptable.（adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的）
-- We can't regard the matter as settled.（adj.定下的, 决定的）
for 表示原因
Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
be able to 强调有能力
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
be remembered 被永远记住 （always adv.永远, 始终, 总是）
go down = sink
on her first voyage 处女航, 首航
with heavy loss of life 损失惨重, 造成大批人员的死亡
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
four days after setting out... = four days after setting off...
spotted = discovered
icy（adj.冰冷的, 冷淡的, 盖着冰的） waters（n.水域, 海域）
After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
the alarm had been given 发出警报
to avoid... 不定式表目的
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
Just in time 很及时
Missing… 现在分词做状语, 对主句的补充说明
which 指代the immense wall of ice
Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
from below 从下方 / from above 从上方
The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
So faint that no one thought that...（so...that…）
Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
to one's horror 使某人感到惊恐
to one's surprise 使某人感到惊奇
The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
The order was given 命令被下达 / to abandon ship 弃船（不定式做定语）
-- be able to do sth 能够做某事 / the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
-- order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 / the order to do sth 做某事的命令
-- be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 / capability of doing sth 做某事的能力
ability（n.能力, 才干）
capable（adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的）
capability（n.能力, 才能, 才干）
As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
As = because
Special difficulties 难点
1>动词后加-er
假如是以不发音的e结尾的, 只加r（表示行为的主动者, 做某事的人）。
work worker / teachteacher / writewriter / readreader
murder（vt.谋杀, 凶杀） murderer（n.杀人犯, 凶手）
2>动词、名词后加-ist （表示某种主义信仰者, 从事某种职业、研究的人。）
Copy copyist（n.抄写员, 模拟者）
type typist（n.打字员）
novel（n.小说, 长篇故事） novelist（n.小说作家）
drug（n.药） druggist（n.药商, 药剂师）
tobacco（n.烟草, 烟草制品） tobacconist（n.烟草商, 烟店）
3 >形容词后加-ness（抽象名词, 表示一种性质、情况、状态）
kind kindness（n.仁慈, 亲切, 好意, 善意）
bitter bitterness（n.苦味, 辛酸, 苦难）
happy happiness（n.幸福, 快乐）--- 以结尾要变y为i加ness.
willing（adj.乐意的, 自愿的） willingness（n.自动自发,积极肯干）
4>某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。
Suggest suggestion
possess（vt.占有, 拥有, 持有） possession（n.拥有, 占有）
collect collection（n.收藏, 搜集品）
以-te结尾的动词, 把不发音的-e去掉, 在加-ion.
Translate（vt.翻译, 解释, 转化） translation（n.翻译, 译文, 转化）
complete completion（n.完成）
graduate（v.(使)(大学)毕业） graduation（n.毕业, 毕业典礼）
某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉，在加-ation.
Explain（v.解释, 说明） explanation（n.解释, 解说, 说明）
Exclaim（v.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫） exclamation（n.惊叫, 喊叫）
5>（以-able/-ible结尾的）形容词之后加-ity变成（以-ability/-ibility结尾的）抽象名词
（表示性质、状态）
able ability
probable（adj.很可能的, 大概的） probability（n.可能性, 或然性, 概率）
possible（adj.可能的） possibility（n.可能性, 可能发生的事物）
mobile（adj.可移动的, 机动的） mobility（n.活动性, 灵活性, 机动性）
Exercise：
Violin（n.小提琴） violinist（n.小提琴演奏者, 小提琴家）
Responsible（adj.有责任的, 可靠的） responsibility（n.责任, 职责）
Careless（adj.粗心的, 疏忽的） carelessness
1> physics（n.物理学） physicist（n.物理学者, 唯物论者）
2> mine（n.矿v.开采, 开矿） miner（n.矿工）
3> human（n.人类adj.人类的） humanity（n.人性, 人类）
4> impress（vt.留下印象） impression（n.印象, 感想）
-- make a good impression
5> original（adj.最初的, 原始的） originality（n.创意, 创造性）
-
Lynn♐ 赞了这篇日记 2016-05-31 07:39:04
