雅思写作科技类话题思路扩展点
朗阁海外考试研究中心 尧亿丛
截止到2014年5月底，雅思写作的高频考题类型为教育类以及社会类话题。科技类话题还没有出现，而科技类话题也是高频考题之一，一年的频率在3-4次，所以在接下来的考试中，考生要准备一下这类考题。以下是笔者归纳的科技类话题以及相应的思路扩展点。
一、话题归纳
1. 用处
Many employees may work at home with the modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or disagree?
People can perform everyday tasks, such as shopping and banking as well as business transactions, without face-to-face communication. What are the effects of this on individuals and society as a whole?
Some people think that without technology life would be much easier. Do you agree or disagree?
主要是科技可以用来做的事情，三个话题可以彼此借鉴观点。主要是科技带来的好处、坏处以及带来的影响。
2. 人群（小孩的成长）
Some people think that children can get better language skills and creativity by watching television rather than reading books. Do you agree or disagree?
Some people believe that time spent on television and computer games can be valuable for children. Others believe this has negative effects on a child. Discuss
both views and give your own opinion.
Some people think that children should use computers every day. Do you agree or disagree?
这三个话题涉及到看电视或者用电脑给小孩造成的影响。
3. 替代
Some people think that the government should establish museums. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
Some people think that the government should establish free libraries in each town. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
这两个话题讲的都是科技的发展，网络的出现是否会取代实体的建筑（例如博物馆或者图书馆）？针对这种话题首先一定要谈论到网络的好处，其次再分别提到图书馆以及博物馆的好处。
4. 其他
Many people think that public libraries should only provide books and should not waste their limited money on expensive hi-tech media such as software, video or DVD. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
二、科技类话题解题思路
第一，从Individual（个人）
缺点1. 人际关系冷漠 (lack emotional contact with family members and friends)
2. 过度依赖，缺乏主动性以及创造性 (over rely on)
优点 1. 提高效率 (boost / enhance effectiveness and efficiency)
2. 节省时间 (save time / slow down the pace of life)
3. 增加便捷性 (make our lives more convenient)
4. 减少成本 (reduce the cost of…)
第二，从establishments（公司）
缺点 1. 过度依赖科技，人事关系冷漠，不利于生产效率以及员工忠诚度的培养 the overuse of high technology, employees would become increasingly indifferent to their colleagues, having a negative effect on the production efficiency and the cultivation of loyalty to the company among workers
优点 1. 减少成本，例如人事成本 reduce the cost, including the budget in personnel
2. 解放工人，增加员工满意度 save the labor / liberate workers（解放工人）
3. 不要做一些危险的工作 will increase the efficiency and productivity of work, especially for the dangerous, accurate and repetitive task.
第三，从Society & Government（政府/社会）
缺点 1. 科技的运用会取代人力，增加失业率（例如自动取款机、自动售票机，自动贩卖机） the replacement of human employment results in higher unemployment rate
2. 滋生了更多的犯罪类型（网络交易的兴起导致了信用卡诈骗）
优点 1. 发展经济
2. 运用科技可以解决当前很多急迫的问题，例如对污染的处理、合理的开发利用能源以及治疗一些疾病 some social concerns could be dealt with properly, such as the disposal of pollution, the development and exploitation of energy and the treatment of medical conditions.
从上文中可以看出，在有关科技的优缺点中，优点会比缺点好写。下面我们来看一下科技类话题的例题，来看看在考场上怎么把这些常用论点放到文章中去扩展论据。
Some people think that the government should establish museums. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
这个话题中，首先讨论了网络对人民获取信息的好处，这里面无需从公司和国家社会出发，主要写对个人的好处即可。对个人来讲，可以1. 提高效率 (boost / enhance effectiveness and efficiency)，网上可以瞬间查到几乎所有你想要的资料，可以快速筛选信息；2. 节省时间 (save time / slow down the pace of life)，不用把时间浪费在来回的路上以及盲目地去找书；3. 增加便捷性 (make our lives more convenient)，随时随地可以查找信息；4. 减少成本 (reduce the cost of…)，有些博物馆进馆参观需要钱，当然这点在这里可以不写。
博物馆的好处也可以从个人和社会方面着手。对个人来讲，更能深切地体会与了解历史上所发生的事件 (have a good idea about the historical events and the contemporary people)；对于社会来讲，博物馆更有对国民进行历史教育的作用 (pass on the knowledge to the next generation)，博物馆可以陈列历史物品 (display of historical objects)，博物馆也可以提供工作机会 (a source of employment)。
最后是关于在科技类话题中的高频词汇或词组
pave the way for 为…铺平道路
lay a solid foundation for… 为…打下良好的基础
promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展
give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展
sustainable development 可持续性发展
technical innovation 科技创新
scientific exploration 科学探索
sophisticated equipment 尖端设备
overcome difficulties 克服困难
make progress 取得进步
speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适
environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源
means of transportation 交通方式
transportation tools 交通工具
energy crisis 能源危机
exhaust gas 废气
depletion of resources 能源消耗
alternative fuel 可替代燃料
a fatal breakdown 致命故障
potential hazards 潜在危险
pose a threat to… 对…有一种威胁
截止到2014年5月底，雅思写作的高频考题类型为教育类以及社会类话题。科技类话题还没有出现，而科技类话题也是高频考题之一，一年的频率在3-4次，所以在接下来的考试中，考生要准备一下这类考题。以下是笔者归纳的科技类话题以及相应的思路扩展点。
一、话题归纳
1. 用处
Many employees may work at home with the modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or disagree?
People can perform everyday tasks, such as shopping and banking as well as business transactions, without face-to-face communication. What are the effects of this on individuals and society as a whole?
Some people think that without technology life would be much easier. Do you agree or disagree?
主要是科技可以用来做的事情，三个话题可以彼此借鉴观点。主要是科技带来的好处、坏处以及带来的影响。
2. 人群（小孩的成长）
Some people think that children can get better language skills and creativity by watching television rather than reading books. Do you agree or disagree?
Some people believe that time spent on television and computer games can be valuable for children. Others believe this has negative effects on a child. Discuss
both views and give your own opinion.
Some people think that children should use computers every day. Do you agree or disagree?
这三个话题涉及到看电视或者用电脑给小孩造成的影响。
3. 替代
Some people think that the government should establish museums. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
Some people think that the government should establish free libraries in each town. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
这两个话题讲的都是科技的发展，网络的出现是否会取代实体的建筑（例如博物馆或者图书馆）？针对这种话题首先一定要谈论到网络的好处，其次再分别提到图书馆以及博物馆的好处。
4. 其他
Many people think that public libraries should only provide books and should not waste their limited money on expensive hi-tech media such as software, video or DVD. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
二、科技类话题解题思路
第一，从Individual（个人）
缺点1. 人际关系冷漠 (lack emotional contact with family members and friends)
2. 过度依赖，缺乏主动性以及创造性 (over rely on)
优点 1. 提高效率 (boost / enhance effectiveness and efficiency)
2. 节省时间 (save time / slow down the pace of life)
3. 增加便捷性 (make our lives more convenient)
4. 减少成本 (reduce the cost of…)
第二，从establishments（公司）
缺点 1. 过度依赖科技，人事关系冷漠，不利于生产效率以及员工忠诚度的培养 the overuse of high technology, employees would become increasingly indifferent to their colleagues, having a negative effect on the production efficiency and the cultivation of loyalty to the company among workers
优点 1. 减少成本，例如人事成本 reduce the cost, including the budget in personnel
2. 解放工人，增加员工满意度 save the labor / liberate workers（解放工人）
3. 不要做一些危险的工作 will increase the efficiency and productivity of work, especially for the dangerous, accurate and repetitive task.
第三，从Society & Government（政府/社会）
缺点 1. 科技的运用会取代人力，增加失业率（例如自动取款机、自动售票机，自动贩卖机） the replacement of human employment results in higher unemployment rate
2. 滋生了更多的犯罪类型（网络交易的兴起导致了信用卡诈骗）
优点 1. 发展经济
2. 运用科技可以解决当前很多急迫的问题，例如对污染的处理、合理的开发利用能源以及治疗一些疾病 some social concerns could be dealt with properly, such as the disposal of pollution, the development and exploitation of energy and the treatment of medical conditions.
从上文中可以看出，在有关科技的优缺点中，优点会比缺点好写。下面我们来看一下科技类话题的例题，来看看在考场上怎么把这些常用论点放到文章中去扩展论据。
Some people think that the government should establish museums. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
这个话题中，首先讨论了网络对人民获取信息的好处，这里面无需从公司和国家社会出发，主要写对个人的好处即可。对个人来讲，可以1. 提高效率 (boost / enhance effectiveness and efficiency)，网上可以瞬间查到几乎所有你想要的资料，可以快速筛选信息；2. 节省时间 (save time / slow down the pace of life)，不用把时间浪费在来回的路上以及盲目地去找书；3. 增加便捷性 (make our lives more convenient)，随时随地可以查找信息；4. 减少成本 (reduce the cost of…)，有些博物馆进馆参观需要钱，当然这点在这里可以不写。
博物馆的好处也可以从个人和社会方面着手。对个人来讲，更能深切地体会与了解历史上所发生的事件 (have a good idea about the historical events and the contemporary people)；对于社会来讲，博物馆更有对国民进行历史教育的作用 (pass on the knowledge to the next generation)，博物馆可以陈列历史物品 (display of historical objects)，博物馆也可以提供工作机会 (a source of employment)。
最后是关于在科技类话题中的高频词汇或词组
pave the way for 为…铺平道路
lay a solid foundation for… 为…打下良好的基础
promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展
give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展
sustainable development 可持续性发展
technical innovation 科技创新
scientific exploration 科学探索
sophisticated equipment 尖端设备
overcome difficulties 克服困难
make progress 取得进步
speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适
environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源
means of transportation 交通方式
transportation tools 交通工具
energy crisis 能源危机
exhaust gas 废气
depletion of resources 能源消耗
alternative fuel 可替代燃料
a fatal breakdown 致命故障
potential hazards 潜在危险
pose a threat to… 对…有一种威胁
