Writing
逻辑关系词等
作用信号词
举例
For example/instance,...
Take ... As example.
Consider this situation/case, ...
表示转折
In contrast/On the contrary, ...
Instead/ Conversely/However, ...
Nevertheless/Unfortunately, ...
表强调
In particular/Especially/Indeed, ...
Apparently/Of course/Clearly, ...
Obviously/In fact/After all, ...
表同义/比喻
Similarly/Likewise/Equally, ...
为阐述清楚
That is/To state it more clearly, ...
That is to say, ...
表渐进
What’s more/Furthermore, ...
Moreover/In addition, ...
程度修饰词
（程度稍微轻微，不把话说死）
Presumably/Probably/Possibly/May
Perhaps/Maybe xxx.
Be more/Less likely to do sth
Mostly/Nearly/Almost/Most of/Most
Mainly/Occasionally/Generally/Commonly
（表达绝对，不带周转余地）
Totally/Absolutely/Entirely
Thoroughly/Completely/Fully
Undoubtedly/Exactly/Definitely
Extremely/Exhaustively/Must
Never/By no means/At all/No longer
Independent Writing Skill
Opening:
1. 描述现象
a. 放大话题到一个领域中
b. 话题联系题目
c. 表述个人观点
Ex: People with different interests and personalities cannot be friends.
2. 让步
a. 先肯定对立的观点
b. However/转折词 否定a.
c. 表述个人观点
Ex: It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach them specific knowledge.
Body:
举例子包含
1. personal experience (自己或身边人经历)
2. celebrity (防止赘述)
3. group experience (girls, boys, students...)
话题拓展
1. friendship
相关表述
2. society
相关表述
Integrated Writing Template
听力方：
the lecturer/ the professor/ the listening/ the speaker
阅读方：
the writer/ the author/ the passage / the reading
表观点：
provide/ state/ point out/ assert/ indicate/ claim/ believe/ suggest/ hold a view/ consider/ maintain/demonstrate/ convince
表反驳：
contradict/ disagree/ challenge/ argue/ refute/ reject/ raise the issue that
证明：
prove/ evidence/ make sure/ assure/ certify/ identify/ testify
然而：
In contrast/ However/ Although/ Though/ While/ But/ On the contrary
过度：
That is to say/ Moreover/ What's more/ In another word/ On the other hand/ In fact
所以：
As a result/ Consequently/ Accordingly/ Hence
常用副词：
eventually/ actually/ directly/ mainly/ relatively/ comparably/ finally/ thoroughly/ clearly/ totally/ especially/ specially/ extremely
Opening
The lecture is mainly discussing...by providing three reasonable reasons/evidences/theories, challenging what are stated in the reading passage that...
The reading and the listening/lecture both talk about...
However, the speaker considers that what the passage suggests is quite/very/pretty different from the ideas in the listening and even misleading when compared to the reality.
So, the lectures totally disagree with the view made in the reading.
The lecturer offers the following three firm evidences specifically to support his idea.
Body
It is shown in the reading passage that...
in the reading/passage, it is said that... . In contrast, the listening holds a view that... That is, 听力论证细节.
This directly contradicts what the author indicates.
These statements contradict what is stated in the reading that...
the author asserts that...the professor maintains an opposite opinion that...To state it more clearly, .... This is another part where the listening contradict the argument in the reading.
the author of reading passage believes that... , but the professor rejects such idea by pointing out that...Therefore, the last opinion in the reading is kind of wrong again.
作用信号词
举例
For example/instance,...
Take ... As example.
Consider this situation/case, ...
表示转折
In contrast/On the contrary, ...
Instead/ Conversely/However, ...
Nevertheless/Unfortunately, ...
表强调
In particular/Especially/Indeed, ...
Apparently/Of course/Clearly, ...
Obviously/In fact/After all, ...
表同义/比喻
Similarly/Likewise/Equally, ...
为阐述清楚
That is/To state it more clearly, ...
That is to say, ...
表渐进
What’s more/Furthermore, ...
Moreover/In addition, ...
程度修饰词
（程度稍微轻微，不把话说死）
Presumably/Probably/Possibly/May
Perhaps/Maybe xxx.
Be more/Less likely to do sth
Mostly/Nearly/Almost/Most of/Most
Mainly/Occasionally/Generally/Commonly
（表达绝对，不带周转余地）
Totally/Absolutely/Entirely
Thoroughly/Completely/Fully
Undoubtedly/Exactly/Definitely
Extremely/Exhaustively/Must
Never/By no means/At all/No longer
Independent Writing Skill
Opening:
1. 描述现象
a. 放大话题到一个领域中
b. 话题联系题目
c. 表述个人观点
Ex: People with different interests and personalities cannot be friends.
 |
2. 让步
a. 先肯定对立的观点
b. However/转折词 否定a.
c. 表述个人观点
Ex: It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach them specific knowledge.
 |
Body:
举例子包含
1. personal experience (自己或身边人经历)
2. celebrity (防止赘述)
3. group experience (girls, boys, students...)
话题拓展
1. friendship
 |
 |
相关表述
 |
2. society
 |
 |
相关表述
 |
Integrated Writing Template
听力方：
the lecturer/ the professor/ the listening/ the speaker
阅读方：
the writer/ the author/ the passage / the reading
表观点：
provide/ state/ point out/ assert/ indicate/ claim/ believe/ suggest/ hold a view/ consider/ maintain/demonstrate/ convince
表反驳：
contradict/ disagree/ challenge/ argue/ refute/ reject/ raise the issue that
证明：
prove/ evidence/ make sure/ assure/ certify/ identify/ testify
然而：
In contrast/ However/ Although/ Though/ While/ But/ On the contrary
过度：
That is to say/ Moreover/ What's more/ In another word/ On the other hand/ In fact
所以：
As a result/ Consequently/ Accordingly/ Hence
常用副词：
eventually/ actually/ directly/ mainly/ relatively/ comparably/ finally/ thoroughly/ clearly/ totally/ especially/ specially/ extremely
Opening
The lecture is mainly discussing...by providing three reasonable reasons/evidences/theories, challenging what are stated in the reading passage that...
The reading and the listening/lecture both talk about...
However, the speaker considers that what the passage suggests is quite/very/pretty different from the ideas in the listening and even misleading when compared to the reality.
So, the lectures totally disagree with the view made in the reading.
The lecturer offers the following three firm evidences specifically to support his idea.
Body
It is shown in the reading passage that...
in the reading/passage, it is said that... . In contrast, the listening holds a view that... That is, 听力论证细节.
This directly contradicts what the author indicates.
These statements contradict what is stated in the reading that...
the author asserts that...the professor maintains an opposite opinion that...To state it more clearly, .... This is another part where the listening contradict the argument in the reading.
the author of reading passage believes that... , but the professor rejects such idea by pointing out that...Therefore, the last opinion in the reading is kind of wrong again.
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