西语语法7：ser和estar的用法区别
Ser
In Spanish, forms of ser are used with adjectives that describe basic, inherent qualities or characteristics of the nouns or pronouns they modify. They describe the norm of the noun or pronoun.
Antonio es alegre. Antonio is happy.(He is a happy person.)
Tú eres amable. You are nice.(You’re a nice person.)
Summary of the uses of ser
1, to link the subject of a sentence to a noun.
Ella es doctora.
2, to express NATIONALITY;with de to express ORIGIN.
Son cubanos. Son de Cuba.
3, with de to tell what MATERIAL something is made of.
El bolígrafo es de plástico.
4, with para to tell WHOM SOMETHING IS FOR
El regalo es para ti.
5, to tell TIME and to express DATES
Son las once. Es el doce de marzo.
6. with de to express POSSESSION.
7, with ADJECTIVES that describe BASIC, INHERENT CHARACTERISTICS
Ramona es inteligente.
8, in many IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS
Es necesario llegar a tiempo. Es importante estudiar.
estar
Forms of estar are used to tell where someone or something is and to talk about how someone is feeling, one’s condition or state of health.
Summary of the uses of estar
1, to tell LOCATION
El libro está en la mesa.
2, to describe HEALTH
Paco está enfermo.
3, with ADJECTIVES that describe CONDITIONS
Estoy muy ocupada.
4, in a number of FIXED EXPRESSIONS
Estoy de acuerdo. Está bien. Está claro.
Some adjectives can be used with either ser or estar, depending on what the speaker intends to communicate. In general, when to be implies looks, tastes, feels, or appears, estar is used. Compare the following pairs of sentences:
¿Cómo es Amalia? Ella es simpática.
What is Amalia like ( as a person)? She is nice.
¿Cómo está Amalia? Ella está enferma.
How is Amalia(feeling)? She’s feeling sick.
Daniel es guapo.
Daniel is handsome. (He is a handsome person.)
Daniel está muy guapo esta noche.
Daniel looks very nice (handsome) tonight.
Este plato mexicano es muy rico.
This Mexican dish is delicious.
Este plato mexicano está muy rico.
This Mexican dish is (tastes) great.
from ¿Qué tal?:an introductory course
In Spanish, forms of ser are used with adjectives that describe basic, inherent qualities or characteristics of the nouns or pronouns they modify. They describe the norm of the noun or pronoun.
Antonio es alegre. Antonio is happy.(He is a happy person.)
Tú eres amable. You are nice.(You’re a nice person.)
Summary of the uses of ser
1, to link the subject of a sentence to a noun.
Ella es doctora.
2, to express NATIONALITY;with de to express ORIGIN.
Son cubanos. Son de Cuba.
3, with de to tell what MATERIAL something is made of.
El bolígrafo es de plástico.
4, with para to tell WHOM SOMETHING IS FOR
El regalo es para ti.
5, to tell TIME and to express DATES
Son las once. Es el doce de marzo.
6. with de to express POSSESSION.
7, with ADJECTIVES that describe BASIC, INHERENT CHARACTERISTICS
Ramona es inteligente.
8, in many IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS
Es necesario llegar a tiempo. Es importante estudiar.
estar
Forms of estar are used to tell where someone or something is and to talk about how someone is feeling, one’s condition or state of health.
Summary of the uses of estar
1, to tell LOCATION
El libro está en la mesa.
2, to describe HEALTH
Paco está enfermo.
3, with ADJECTIVES that describe CONDITIONS
Estoy muy ocupada.
4, in a number of FIXED EXPRESSIONS
Estoy de acuerdo. Está bien. Está claro.
Some adjectives can be used with either ser or estar, depending on what the speaker intends to communicate. In general, when to be implies looks, tastes, feels, or appears, estar is used. Compare the following pairs of sentences:
¿Cómo es Amalia? Ella es simpática.
What is Amalia like ( as a person)? She is nice.
¿Cómo está Amalia? Ella está enferma.
How is Amalia(feeling)? She’s feeling sick.
Daniel es guapo.
Daniel is handsome. (He is a handsome person.)
Daniel está muy guapo esta noche.
Daniel looks very nice (handsome) tonight.
Este plato mexicano es muy rico.
This Mexican dish is delicious.
Este plato mexicano está muy rico.
This Mexican dish is (tastes) great.
from ¿Qué tal?:an introductory course
