第114回：蜂巢山洞蘑菇岩柱，阿瓦诺斯恰乌辛村 (下)
Jumbo Heritage List
《皇氏古建筑大全》
《仙劍波斯臥龍崗》
微信公众号：皇氏古建筑大全；jumbo_huang@126.com，Skype: jumboheritage
第114回：蜂巢山洞蘑菇岩柱，阿瓦诺斯恰乌辛村 (下)
我差不多从平顶山的一侧走到了另一侧，因为山顶没有树，我被太阳烤得浑身是汗，不久我开始下山，这次非常惊险，因为我不想原路返回，故而选择从靠近色鲁维峡谷的一侧下山，
这里的峭壁出现部分崩塌，我下了几米后发现碎石太滑，如果出现滑坠就非常危险，因为山下的岩石非常坚硬，无奈我选择迂回线路，碰到陡坡就从侧面绕道另外一条缓坡，这样尝试了半天才走到一段缓坡那里，之后小心地边走边滑边走着下了碎石坡，山下有农户在整理蜂蜜箱，旁边是开垦的田地，田埂上有一些向日葵。我沿公路走了几公里，不久又抵达恰乌辛村，我找个水龙头洗了个头，然后看到一个店铺前面的大树上挂着一个牌子，显示这是一个公交站，然后我看到一个肥胖的土耳其老太太在候车，如是我也坐在那里等车，对面就是洞穴教堂，不少人开车过来参观，
到了11:15分时我突然看到一个欧美青年骑着一个单轮车路过，这可让我开眼界了，以前只是碰到骑两个轮子自行车的背包客，但今天看到一个大男人骑在只有一个轮子的独轮车上，多少让我感觉非常奇特，这个人还把大量行李挂在独轮上面的架子上，然后他就一摇一摆地骑着独轮车招摇过市，简直像演杂技的人。我继续坐在马路边等车，不久我有点不耐烦了，正想起身离开时，那辆公交车就驶过来了，如是我忙跟老太太上了公交车，发现车上坐满了人，一个中年人给老太太让座，我企图走到车子中间位置，几个穆斯林老太太不停拉扯我的衣服，我发现土耳其少女都是又瘦又苗条，而土耳其老妇人则多是又胖又矮，胸部下垂得非常厉害，用长袍托着胸部，腰部肿胀，走路时一摇一摆，跟俄罗斯老太太差不多，
我在土耳其极少能看到苗条的老妇人，是否她们的体质和喜食面饼与甜点等因素决定了她们的体重随着年纪的增加而急剧膨胀呢？不久抵达格雷梅，我下车后去逛超市，购买了27里拉的食物，主要是担心明天超市关门。不久灌满水后返回旅馆。独自进房间后就用电饭煲煮了鸡肉面配罐头泡辣椒下饭。吃完饭就洗澡洗衣服，然后上床睡觉。中午12点之后几乎无法从事户外活动了，天气太热，只能等着晚上出门了。今天我把平板电脑留给鸢写日记，她却写不出来，原因是她喜欢发微信，所有人生感悟都成碎片化地发布出去了，我下午在旅馆二楼上网，日本媳妇和她的土耳其丈夫正在忙碌，不久有一对夫妇过来办理入住手续。日本妇女坐在沙发上给女儿教日语，她女儿是个混血，可以说日语和土耳其语。日本妇女肚子涨得很大，估计又快生第二胎了。我先用旅舍世界网去搜索旅馆，
这个网站居然在埃尔祖鲁姆省没有任何房源，而在特拉布宗也只有一家旅馆可以选择，真是失望。我六年前去东南亚旅行时几乎都是依赖旅舍世界网预订旅馆，但亚洲之外就不是旅舍世界网的强项了。不久我听到楼下传来吆喝声，我探出窗外一看，发现一辆卡车驶过，车上放着蔬菜，一个10岁左右的少年正站在车上叫卖蔬菜。出门在外，一定要有很强的包容性，对于土国大量童工进军商业领域，我也只能见怪不怪了。今天我的电脑表现非常强劲，鸢用完后我又接着用了半天，晚上还用电脑看电影，居然一直没有死机。晚上去超市买方便面，碰到一群搜寻方便面的中国妇女，幸亏我动作快，否则0.85里拉的方便面就卖完了，我抢到最后两包方便面就去结账。晚上购物花费4.23里拉。晚上我们用电饭煲煮方便面和米饭，配蘑菇和肉片，还有香蕉和苹果，至少营养是跟上了。
Jumbo Huang Notes (Yesterday): We set out in the morning, we planned to visited the underground shelters around Nevsehir and Goreme which were originally built to escape persecution by the pagan Roman authorities or other enemies, Many of the churches, hewn in the rocks, date from these early years of Christianity. Even when Theodosius I made Christianity the official religion of the empire, the caves offered protection for the local people during raids by the Sassanid Persians circa 604 AD and by the Islamic Caliphate circa 647AD. And when Iconoclasm became state policy in the Byzantine empire, again the caves of Nevsehir became shelters for those escaping persecution. The castle on the hill dates from the Byzantine period, when the region was on the frontline in the wars against the Islamic Caliphate. The traditional main sources of income of the city, carpet weaving and viticulture have been overtaken by tourism, because of its proximity to the underground shelters, the fairy chimneys, monasteries, caravanserais and the famous rock-hewn churches of Goreme. Derinkuyu "deep well" is a town and district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey.
According to 2010 census, population of the district is 22114 of which 10679 live in the town of Derinkuyu. The district covers an area of 445 km2, and the average elevation is 1300 m, with the highest point being Mt. Ertas at 1988 m. Located in Cappadocia, Derinkuyu is notable for its large multi-level underground city, which is a major tourist attraction. The historical region of Cappadocia, where Derinkuyu is situated, contains several historical underground cities, carved out of a unique geological formation. They are not generally occupied. Over 200 underground cities at least two levels deep have been discovered in the area between Kayseri and Nevsehir, with around 40 of those having at least three levels. The troglodyte cities at Derinkuyu and Kaymaklı are two of the best examples of underground dwellings. The Derinkuyu underground city is an ancient multi-level underground city in the Derinkuyu district in Nevsehir Province, Extending to a depth of approximately 60 m, it is large enough to have sheltered approximately 20000 people together with their livestock and food stores. It is the largest excavated underground city in Turkey and is one of several underground complexes found across Cappadocia. It was opened to visitors in 1969 and about half of the underground city is currently accessible to tourists. We went down to the Kaymaklı Underground City which is contained within the citadel of Kaymaklı in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. First opened to tourists in 1964,
the village is about 19 km from Nevsehir, on the Nevsehir-Nigde road. The ancient name was Enegup. Caves may have first been built in the soft volcanic rock by the Phrygians, an Indo-European people, in the 8th–7th centuries B.C., according to the Turkish Department of Culture When the Phrygian language died out in Roman times, replaced with Greek, to which it was related, the inhabitants, now Christians, expanded their underground caverns adding the chapels and inscriptions. The city was used in the Byzantine era, for protection from Muslim Arabs during the Arab–Byzantine wars, The city was connected with Derinkuyu underground city through miles of tunnels. Some artifacts discovered in these underground settlements belong to the Middle Byzantine Period, between the 5th and the 10th centuries A.D. These cities continued to be used by the Christian inhabitants as protection from the Mongolian incursions of Timur in the 14th century. After the region fell to the Ottomans the cities were used as refuges from the Turkish Muslim rulers, and as late as the 20th century the inhabitants, called Cappadocian Greeks, were still using the underground cities to escape periodic waves of Ottoman persecution. Dawkins, a Cambridge linguist who conducted research on the Cappodocian Greeks in the area from 1909 to 1911, recorded that in 1909,“when the news came of the recent massacres at Adana, a great part of the population at Axo took refuge in these underground chambers, and for some nights did not venture to sleep above ground.” When the Christian inhabitants of the region were expelled in 1923 in the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey the tunnels were abandoned.
The houses in the village are constructed around the nearly one hundred tunnels of the underground city. The tunnels are still used today as storage areas, stables, and cellars. The underground city at Kaymaklı differs from Derinkuyu in terms of its structure and layout. The tunnels are lower, narrower, and more steeply inclined. Of the four floors open to tourists, each space is organized around ventilation shafts. This makes the design of each room or open space dependent on the availability of ventilation. Avanos is a town and district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, located 18 km north of Nevsehir, the capital city of the province. It is situated within the historic and tourist region of Cappadocia. The district covers an area of 994 km2 and the average elevation is 920 m, with the highest point being Mt. Ismail Sivrisi at 1756 m. The old city of Avanos, whose name in ancient times was Venessa, overlooks the longest river of Turkey, the Kızılırmak, which also separates Avanos from the rest of Cappadocia. The most famous historical feature of Avanos, which is still relevant and very visible today, is its production of earthenware pottery;
it is also the most economic activity in the town. there was also another Ozkonak Underground City, Located 14 km northeast of Avanos, this underground city was built on the northern slopes of Mt. Idis in an area with lots of strata made up of volcanic granite. The extensive galleries of the city are spread out over a large area and connected to each another by tunnels. Unlike the underground cities in Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, there are very narrow and long holes between the different levels of the city that used to provide communication between the different levels of the city. The ventilation of these neatly carved out rooms was provided by these holes when the city was sealed up against enemies. The city was discovered in 1972 by the local muezzin and farmer Latif Acar, when trying to find out where the water disappeared to when tending to his crops. He first found an underground room which, when later excavated, revealed a whole city which housed an incredible 60000 people for up to three months. A total of 10 floors were discovered, to a depth 40m, although now only four are open. Unlike the other underground cities in this area, besides the rolling stone doors, there were holes above the tunnels used for dumping hot oil on the enemy. Similar to Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, Ozkonak has a ventilation system, a water well, a winery and rolling stone doors. We later went to Urgup and passed by Ortahisar castle, we visited the town of Urgup which is a district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located in the historical region of Cappadocia, and near the cave Churches of Goreme. The district covers an area of 563 km2 and the town lies at an average elevation of 1043 m, in the afternoon we paid a visit to Cappadocia Uchisar Cave Castle.
Jumbo Huang Notes (Today): Today I went out alone, I walked several miles to rock castle in Cavusin, Cavusin is a village in the district of Avanos in Nevsehir Province in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It is on the road between Avanos and Goreme, when I climbed the table mountain, I found some special flowers, I could see the Zelve Monastery which is a Byzantine-era monastery that was carved into the rock in pre-iconoclastic times. It is one of the Churches of Goreme, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Turkey. The remains of the Zelve monastery complex are located on the northern slopes of Aktepe, 1 km from Pasa Baglari and 10 km out from Goreme on the Avanos road. Zelve does not have the rich frescoes of Goreme and other Cappadocian locations. Zelve is spread out over three valleys, of which two are connected by a tunnel. The complex contains innumerable rooms and passages which also house many pointed fairy chimneys with large stems, at about 40 feet above the valley floor. Zelve, though recently uninhabited, was an important settlement and religious area between the 9th and 13th centuries. Christians moved to Zelve during the Persian and Arab invasions. Today I failed to find Sarihan Caravanserai, P.S.: Kapadokyajet.com, the Kizilirmak river, gondolas, Jeep safari keyfi…
第115回：后现代风化水蚀谷，超现实拔地擎天林
《皇氏古建筑大全》
《仙劍波斯臥龍崗》
微信公众号：皇氏古建筑大全；jumbo_huang@126.com，Skype: jumboheritage
第114回：蜂巢山洞蘑菇岩柱，阿瓦诺斯恰乌辛村 (下)
我差不多从平顶山的一侧走到了另一侧，因为山顶没有树，我被太阳烤得浑身是汗，不久我开始下山，这次非常惊险，因为我不想原路返回，故而选择从靠近色鲁维峡谷的一侧下山，
这里的峭壁出现部分崩塌，我下了几米后发现碎石太滑，如果出现滑坠就非常危险，因为山下的岩石非常坚硬，无奈我选择迂回线路，碰到陡坡就从侧面绕道另外一条缓坡，这样尝试了半天才走到一段缓坡那里，之后小心地边走边滑边走着下了碎石坡，山下有农户在整理蜂蜜箱，旁边是开垦的田地，田埂上有一些向日葵。我沿公路走了几公里，不久又抵达恰乌辛村，我找个水龙头洗了个头，然后看到一个店铺前面的大树上挂着一个牌子，显示这是一个公交站，然后我看到一个肥胖的土耳其老太太在候车，如是我也坐在那里等车，对面就是洞穴教堂，不少人开车过来参观，
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到了11:15分时我突然看到一个欧美青年骑着一个单轮车路过，这可让我开眼界了，以前只是碰到骑两个轮子自行车的背包客，但今天看到一个大男人骑在只有一个轮子的独轮车上，多少让我感觉非常奇特，这个人还把大量行李挂在独轮上面的架子上，然后他就一摇一摆地骑着独轮车招摇过市，简直像演杂技的人。我继续坐在马路边等车，不久我有点不耐烦了，正想起身离开时，那辆公交车就驶过来了，如是我忙跟老太太上了公交车，发现车上坐满了人，一个中年人给老太太让座，我企图走到车子中间位置，几个穆斯林老太太不停拉扯我的衣服，我发现土耳其少女都是又瘦又苗条，而土耳其老妇人则多是又胖又矮，胸部下垂得非常厉害，用长袍托着胸部，腰部肿胀，走路时一摇一摆，跟俄罗斯老太太差不多，
我在土耳其极少能看到苗条的老妇人，是否她们的体质和喜食面饼与甜点等因素决定了她们的体重随着年纪的增加而急剧膨胀呢？不久抵达格雷梅，我下车后去逛超市，购买了27里拉的食物，主要是担心明天超市关门。不久灌满水后返回旅馆。独自进房间后就用电饭煲煮了鸡肉面配罐头泡辣椒下饭。吃完饭就洗澡洗衣服，然后上床睡觉。中午12点之后几乎无法从事户外活动了，天气太热，只能等着晚上出门了。今天我把平板电脑留给鸢写日记，她却写不出来，原因是她喜欢发微信，所有人生感悟都成碎片化地发布出去了，我下午在旅馆二楼上网，日本媳妇和她的土耳其丈夫正在忙碌，不久有一对夫妇过来办理入住手续。日本妇女坐在沙发上给女儿教日语，她女儿是个混血，可以说日语和土耳其语。日本妇女肚子涨得很大，估计又快生第二胎了。我先用旅舍世界网去搜索旅馆，
这个网站居然在埃尔祖鲁姆省没有任何房源，而在特拉布宗也只有一家旅馆可以选择，真是失望。我六年前去东南亚旅行时几乎都是依赖旅舍世界网预订旅馆，但亚洲之外就不是旅舍世界网的强项了。不久我听到楼下传来吆喝声，我探出窗外一看，发现一辆卡车驶过，车上放着蔬菜，一个10岁左右的少年正站在车上叫卖蔬菜。出门在外，一定要有很强的包容性，对于土国大量童工进军商业领域，我也只能见怪不怪了。今天我的电脑表现非常强劲，鸢用完后我又接着用了半天，晚上还用电脑看电影，居然一直没有死机。晚上去超市买方便面，碰到一群搜寻方便面的中国妇女，幸亏我动作快，否则0.85里拉的方便面就卖完了，我抢到最后两包方便面就去结账。晚上购物花费4.23里拉。晚上我们用电饭煲煮方便面和米饭，配蘑菇和肉片，还有香蕉和苹果，至少营养是跟上了。
Jumbo Huang Notes (Yesterday): We set out in the morning, we planned to visited the underground shelters around Nevsehir and Goreme which were originally built to escape persecution by the pagan Roman authorities or other enemies, Many of the churches, hewn in the rocks, date from these early years of Christianity. Even when Theodosius I made Christianity the official religion of the empire, the caves offered protection for the local people during raids by the Sassanid Persians circa 604 AD and by the Islamic Caliphate circa 647AD. And when Iconoclasm became state policy in the Byzantine empire, again the caves of Nevsehir became shelters for those escaping persecution. The castle on the hill dates from the Byzantine period, when the region was on the frontline in the wars against the Islamic Caliphate. The traditional main sources of income of the city, carpet weaving and viticulture have been overtaken by tourism, because of its proximity to the underground shelters, the fairy chimneys, monasteries, caravanserais and the famous rock-hewn churches of Goreme. Derinkuyu "deep well" is a town and district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey.
According to 2010 census, population of the district is 22114 of which 10679 live in the town of Derinkuyu. The district covers an area of 445 km2, and the average elevation is 1300 m, with the highest point being Mt. Ertas at 1988 m. Located in Cappadocia, Derinkuyu is notable for its large multi-level underground city, which is a major tourist attraction. The historical region of Cappadocia, where Derinkuyu is situated, contains several historical underground cities, carved out of a unique geological formation. They are not generally occupied. Over 200 underground cities at least two levels deep have been discovered in the area between Kayseri and Nevsehir, with around 40 of those having at least three levels. The troglodyte cities at Derinkuyu and Kaymaklı are two of the best examples of underground dwellings. The Derinkuyu underground city is an ancient multi-level underground city in the Derinkuyu district in Nevsehir Province, Extending to a depth of approximately 60 m, it is large enough to have sheltered approximately 20000 people together with their livestock and food stores. It is the largest excavated underground city in Turkey and is one of several underground complexes found across Cappadocia. It was opened to visitors in 1969 and about half of the underground city is currently accessible to tourists. We went down to the Kaymaklı Underground City which is contained within the citadel of Kaymaklı in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. First opened to tourists in 1964,
the village is about 19 km from Nevsehir, on the Nevsehir-Nigde road. The ancient name was Enegup. Caves may have first been built in the soft volcanic rock by the Phrygians, an Indo-European people, in the 8th–7th centuries B.C., according to the Turkish Department of Culture When the Phrygian language died out in Roman times, replaced with Greek, to which it was related, the inhabitants, now Christians, expanded their underground caverns adding the chapels and inscriptions. The city was used in the Byzantine era, for protection from Muslim Arabs during the Arab–Byzantine wars, The city was connected with Derinkuyu underground city through miles of tunnels. Some artifacts discovered in these underground settlements belong to the Middle Byzantine Period, between the 5th and the 10th centuries A.D. These cities continued to be used by the Christian inhabitants as protection from the Mongolian incursions of Timur in the 14th century. After the region fell to the Ottomans the cities were used as refuges from the Turkish Muslim rulers, and as late as the 20th century the inhabitants, called Cappadocian Greeks, were still using the underground cities to escape periodic waves of Ottoman persecution. Dawkins, a Cambridge linguist who conducted research on the Cappodocian Greeks in the area from 1909 to 1911, recorded that in 1909,“when the news came of the recent massacres at Adana, a great part of the population at Axo took refuge in these underground chambers, and for some nights did not venture to sleep above ground.” When the Christian inhabitants of the region were expelled in 1923 in the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey the tunnels were abandoned.
The houses in the village are constructed around the nearly one hundred tunnels of the underground city. The tunnels are still used today as storage areas, stables, and cellars. The underground city at Kaymaklı differs from Derinkuyu in terms of its structure and layout. The tunnels are lower, narrower, and more steeply inclined. Of the four floors open to tourists, each space is organized around ventilation shafts. This makes the design of each room or open space dependent on the availability of ventilation. Avanos is a town and district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, located 18 km north of Nevsehir, the capital city of the province. It is situated within the historic and tourist region of Cappadocia. The district covers an area of 994 km2 and the average elevation is 920 m, with the highest point being Mt. Ismail Sivrisi at 1756 m. The old city of Avanos, whose name in ancient times was Venessa, overlooks the longest river of Turkey, the Kızılırmak, which also separates Avanos from the rest of Cappadocia. The most famous historical feature of Avanos, which is still relevant and very visible today, is its production of earthenware pottery;
it is also the most economic activity in the town. there was also another Ozkonak Underground City, Located 14 km northeast of Avanos, this underground city was built on the northern slopes of Mt. Idis in an area with lots of strata made up of volcanic granite. The extensive galleries of the city are spread out over a large area and connected to each another by tunnels. Unlike the underground cities in Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, there are very narrow and long holes between the different levels of the city that used to provide communication between the different levels of the city. The ventilation of these neatly carved out rooms was provided by these holes when the city was sealed up against enemies. The city was discovered in 1972 by the local muezzin and farmer Latif Acar, when trying to find out where the water disappeared to when tending to his crops. He first found an underground room which, when later excavated, revealed a whole city which housed an incredible 60000 people for up to three months. A total of 10 floors were discovered, to a depth 40m, although now only four are open. Unlike the other underground cities in this area, besides the rolling stone doors, there were holes above the tunnels used for dumping hot oil on the enemy. Similar to Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, Ozkonak has a ventilation system, a water well, a winery and rolling stone doors. We later went to Urgup and passed by Ortahisar castle, we visited the town of Urgup which is a district of Nevsehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located in the historical region of Cappadocia, and near the cave Churches of Goreme. The district covers an area of 563 km2 and the town lies at an average elevation of 1043 m, in the afternoon we paid a visit to Cappadocia Uchisar Cave Castle.
Jumbo Huang Notes (Today): Today I went out alone, I walked several miles to rock castle in Cavusin, Cavusin is a village in the district of Avanos in Nevsehir Province in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It is on the road between Avanos and Goreme, when I climbed the table mountain, I found some special flowers, I could see the Zelve Monastery which is a Byzantine-era monastery that was carved into the rock in pre-iconoclastic times. It is one of the Churches of Goreme, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Turkey. The remains of the Zelve monastery complex are located on the northern slopes of Aktepe, 1 km from Pasa Baglari and 10 km out from Goreme on the Avanos road. Zelve does not have the rich frescoes of Goreme and other Cappadocian locations. Zelve is spread out over three valleys, of which two are connected by a tunnel. The complex contains innumerable rooms and passages which also house many pointed fairy chimneys with large stems, at about 40 feet above the valley floor. Zelve, though recently uninhabited, was an important settlement and religious area between the 9th and 13th centuries. Christians moved to Zelve during the Persian and Arab invasions. Today I failed to find Sarihan Caravanserai, P.S.: Kapadokyajet.com, the Kizilirmak river, gondolas, Jeep safari keyfi…
第115回：后现代风化水蚀谷，超现实拔地擎天林
还没人转发这篇日记
