关于植物及英文术语/Tissue&Growth
Organs:
植物的主要器官：根、茎、叶
Roots: absorb water & nutrients; provide support; hold soil in place; store sugar; symbiosis with bacteria
Leaves: photosynthesis; regulation of water loss & gas exchange; water storage (ex: 芦荟succulent) 芦荟储水在茎和叶中
Stems: support and transport system; photosynthesis( only green stem沙漠植物，比如仙人掌）
Tissues：
Ground Tissues (main body):
- Parenchyma (food storage; photosynthesis; repair damaged tissue)
- Collenchyma (double primary cell wall, flexible support)
- Sclerenchyma (protection)
Dermal Tissues:
- Epidermis/ Periderm
- Trichome/ leaf hair (avert herbivory by secrting oder or toxic compond; reduce water loss)
- Root hair, Cuticle, Stomata& Guard cell
Vascular Tissues:
- Xylem (transports water)
•Vessel elements & Tracheids & Ray cells & Fibers
- Phloem (transports nutrients & sugars)
•Sieve Tubes & Companion Cells & Ray cells & Fibers
About bark (inner bark/ outer bark), periderm, epidermis
periderm (replaces epidermis after the first year)=phelloderm+cork cambiam+cork cell)
outer bark=cork cell
bark=phloem+cortex+periderm
Growth:
Inbibition in seed germination: uptake much water to broke seed coat & hydrolyze enzyme
Meristem: undifferential cells; constant growth
-Apical Meristem: Increases length of stem/root at root and shoot tips; Annual growth pattern
-Lateral Meristem: increases width of stem/root in the vascular and cork cambia; Additional years growth
-Intercalary Meristem: Increase at internodes; Only found in grass family (ex:bamboo)
