食欲，我该如何爱你？| 食万个为什么 （三）
她说：
我的肥胖已经近乎病态，大部分胖子是爱吃甜食或者其他，而我爱吃的是肉、辣的、以及五谷杂粮，我极其迷恋吃东西的感觉，尤其是吃饱的感觉。并且从小吃饭都特别快，仿佛强烈的想占有它，每次吃饭都感觉变成了另一个自己......
我该怎么克服减肥时心理上的痛苦，尤其是对食物有强烈的欲望时？
——来自知乎
当发现进食行为明明想控制，却无法控制，这种心理上对食欲的过度满足需求，不止来自于生理需求，更有可能来自内心其他部分的影响。
按照所说的状况，或许她已经有了符合狂食症(1)的行为表现，并且应该长期减肥失败，或许对自己很失望，有时还会感到焦虑烦躁或是抑郁低落。
饮食紊乱并不是一种外界认为自控力差无能的表现。
为什么我们总会控制不住做一些“明知不该做”的行为？
英文里有一个词叫“Urge”，意为“难以抑制的冲动”，如隔靴搔痒般难以忍受，所以不得不满足它。
为什么会有“Urge”？
因为这种冲动来自于过往的负面情绪产生时曾通过某种补偿行为所带来的快感刺激的回溯需求。
因为某件事出现的负面情绪和自我定义，曾无意识地通过过度进食来填补和安抚自己，大脑会将这种经历记录为可选项放在思维模式中，然后当未来同样情绪状况出现时，大脑会自主促使你去再次通过这种方式获得快感和短暂的愉悦满足。
或许是因为爸爸那天的话刺伤了她，她不够漂亮，不够优秀，或许是妈妈说别理你爸，可她好像也和爸爸一样想，所以男朋友才会对她不屑一顾，就这么走了？不不不，不是这样的，她并没有那么糟糕，不是吗？
她一次又一次地吞下，就像是负气一样，可这口气是因何而起，又是针对谁的，有时她自己也分不清，唯一能记得就是“我吃完这些也许就会好受点。”
也许总有人读完这样的文字，会觉得“这人怎么这么敏感，这么弱，能不能坚强一点，理他们干嘛，做自己啊“，这么想的人越多，世界上会刺伤我们的人就越多。
还剩多少人愿意静下来，抱一抱身边受伤的人，让她靠一靠，擦干她脸上的眼泪，相信她，在她自己都不相信自己的时候。
只有找到内心这种情绪根源，才能更有效的改变自己，否则光从生理入手去减肥，花多少力气都可能是无用功。
不过饮食紊乱从不是不治之症，只是容易被人们忽视和逃避，需要与自我对抗，是极为困难的。
但“困难”与“不可能”是两回事，只要愿意，假以时日，完全可以康复。
尽管过程极为艰辛，
但也总比恨自己一世好吧！
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“饮食心理疗愈 the Food Therapy”
现已开通爱己值乎：向我们匿名提问
(1)狂食症
属于饮食失调症的一种。患者本来想节食减肥，但却饥饿难忍而暴饮暴食，过后又因为害怕发胖，会设法令吃下去的食物呕出来。在心理痛苦或压力过大时，女性倾向于依靠饮食寻求慰藉，结果导致身体机能紊乱，给她们带来了更大的心理压力，从而形成恶性循环。
Bulimia nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by a cycle of bingeing and compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting designed to undo or compensate for the effects of binge eating.
Symptoms
- Frequent episodes of consuming very large amount of food followed by behaviors to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting.
- A feeling of being out of control during the binge-eating episodes.
- Self-esteem overly related to body image.
Many people with bulimia also struggle with co-occurring conditions such as
- Self-injury (cutting and other forms of self-harm without suicidal intention)
- Substance abuse
- Impulsivity (risky sexual behaviors, shoplifting, etc.)
According to the DSM-5, the official diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa are:
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of binge eating is characterized by both of the following: - Eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g. within any 2-hour period), an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances. - A sense of lack of control over eating during the episode (e.g. a feeling that one cannot stop eating or control what or how much one is eating).
- Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior in order to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications, fasting, or excessive exercise.
- The binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors both occur, on average, at least once a week for three months.
- Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight.
- The disturbance does not occur exclusively during episodes of Anorexia Nervosa.
