The Federalist Papers《联邦党人文集》
Alexander Hamilton（亚历山大·汉米尔顿），James Madison（詹姆士·麦迪逊），John Jay（约翰·杰）【摘要 书评 试读】
SOURCE:
http://item.jd.com/19008620.html
This country and this people seem to have been made for each other and it appears as if it was the design of Providence that an inheritance so proper and convenient for a band of brethren ... should never be split into a number of unsocial jealous and alien sovereignties." So wrote John Jay one of the revolutionary authors of The Federalist Papers arguing that if the United States was truly to be a single nation its leaders would have to agree on universally binding rules of governance——in short a constitution. In a brilliant set of essays Jay and his colleagues Alexander Hamilton and James Madison explored in minute detail the implications of establishing a kind of rule that would engage as many citizens as possible and that would include a system of checks and balances. Their arguments proved successful in the end and The Federalist Papers stand as key documents in the founding of the United States.
《联邦党人文集》作为一部政治学的经典名著，对后世诸多国家的政治制度产生了深远的影响，其设计的一部宪法和一套政治制度一样经久不衰，为世人所仰慕。究其原因，主要是联邦党人创新性地以分权制衡原则去构建了一套比较完善的国家基本政治制度。
内容简介
The documents that shaped a nation.
Three of the founding fathers brilliantly defend their revolutionary charter: the Constitution of the United States, a milestone in political science and a classic of American history.
《联邦党人文集》三位作者都是美国建国初期起过不同作用的资产阶级历史人物。他们当时自称联邦共和国制度。因此，《联邦党人文集》是全面为新宪法辩护的一部著作。对目前联邦政府的无能有了无可置疑的经验以后，要请你们为美利坚合众国慎重考虑一部新的宪法。这个问题本身就能说明它的重要性；因为它的后果涉及联邦的生存、联邦各组成部分的安全与福利，以及一个在许多方面可以说是世界上最引人注意的帝国的命运。时常有人指出，似乎有下面的重要问题留待我国人民用他们的行为和范例来求得解决：人类社会是否真正能够通过深思熟虑和自由选择来建立一个良好的政府，还是他们永远注定要靠机遇和强力来决定他们的政治组织。如果这句话不无道理，那末我们也许可以理所当然地把我们所面临的紧要关头当做是应该作出这项决定的时刻；由此看来，假使我们选错自己将要扮演的角色，那就应当认为是全人类的不幸。
这个想法会在爱国心的动机之外又增加关怀人类的动机，以提高所有思虑周到的善良人士对这事件的关切心情。如果我们的选择取决于对我们真正利益的明智估计，而不受与公共利益无关的事实的迷惑和影响，那就万分幸运了。但这件事情与其说是可以认真预期，还不如说是只能热切希望而已。提供给我们审议的那个计划，要影响太多的私人利益，要改革太多的地方机构，因此在讨论中必然会涉及与计划的是非曲直无关的各种事物，并且激起对寻求真理不利的观点、情感和偏见。
在新宪法必然会碰到的最大障碍中，可以很容易地发现下列情况：每一州都有某一类的人，他们的明显利益在于反对一切变化，因为那些变化有可能减少他们在州政府中所任职位的权力、待遇和地位；另外还有一类人，他们出于不正常的野心，或者希望趁国家混乱的机会扩大自己的权力，或者认为，对他们来说在国家分为几个部分邦联政府的情况下，要比联合在一起有更多向上爬的机会。
作者简介
Alexander Hamilton (January11,1755or1757–July12,1804) was a Founding Father, soldier, economist, political philosopher, one of America's first constitutional lawyers and the first United States Secretary of the Treasury. He has been described as one who "more than any other designed the Government of the United States": As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton was the primary author of the economic policies of the George Washington Administration, especially the funding of the state debts by the Federal government, the establishment of a national bank, a system of tariffs, and friendly trade relations with Britain. He became the leader of the Federalist Party, created largely in support of his views, and was opposed by Democratic-Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.
James Madison,Jr. (March16,1751–June 28,1836) was the fourth President of the United States. He is widely regarded as the “Father of the Constitution” and the author of the United States Bill of Rights. He has been called the chief architect of the most important political experiment in human history.
As with Thomas Jefferson, his most significant contributions to American history came before his presidency. The United States Constitution is the world’s oldest written constitution, and is considered to be the most important document ever written in the history of freedom. The Constitution has been a model for other constitutions around the world ever since, and many of them read remarkably like America’s Constitution.
As a leader of the new Federalist Party, Jay was the Governor of New York State from 1795 to 1801, and he became the state's leading opponent of slavery. His first two attempts to pass laws for the emancipation of all slaves in New York failed in 1777 and in 1785, but his third attempt succeeded in 1799. The new law that he signed into existence brought about the emancipation of all slaves there before his death in 1829.
John Jay (December12,1745–May17,1829) was an American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, a Founding Father of the United States, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–95).
Jay served as the President of the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779. During and after the American Revolution, Jay was a minister (ambassador) to Spain and France, helping to fashion United States foreign policy, and to secure favorable peace terms from Great Britain (with Jay's Treaty of 1794) and the First French Republic. Jay also co-wrote the Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
The Federalist Papers《联邦党人文集 英文原版》
詹姆斯·麦迪逊（James Madison，1751—1836），美国第四任总统。他担任总统期间曾领导进行第二次美英战争，保卫了美国的共和制度，为美国赢得彻底独立建立了功绩。他在1776年参加弗吉尼亚宪法的制定，在大陆的国会提供，并且是弗吉尼亚会议的一位领导人。他还是出席大陆会议的代表，是制宪会议的主要人物、北部联邦党人文件的起草人之一、众议院议员、民主共和党的组织者。
约翰·杰(1745年12月12日-1829年5月17日) ，美国政客，政治家，革命家，外交家，美国的国父，和美国（1789年至1795年）的第一个终审法院首席法官。Jay从1778年到1779年担任大陆会议主席。在美国革命期间和之后，Jay是驻西班牙和法国大使，帮助时尚的美国外交政策，并确保大不列颠和法国第一共和国有利的合约。Jay也写了联邦党人文集"随着亚历山大汉密尔顿和詹姆斯麦迪逊"。Jay作为一个新的联邦党领袖，纽约州州长，从1795年到1801年，他成为国家的领导反抗奴隶制度。他的前两次在纽约尝试解放奴隶，最后失败了，但他在1799年的第三次尝试成功了。1799运动，逐步解放行动。在1829年他去世前成功的签署解放所有奴隶的法律。
精彩书评
"Admirable introduction...Oxford University Press is to be congratulated on adding it to its collection of World's Classics. "
--Howard Temperley, TLS
SOURCE:
http://item.jd.com/19008620.html
 |
The Federalist Papers《联邦党人文集》 |
This country and this people seem to have been made for each other and it appears as if it was the design of Providence that an inheritance so proper and convenient for a band of brethren ... should never be split into a number of unsocial jealous and alien sovereignties." So wrote John Jay one of the revolutionary authors of The Federalist Papers arguing that if the United States was truly to be a single nation its leaders would have to agree on universally binding rules of governance——in short a constitution. In a brilliant set of essays Jay and his colleagues Alexander Hamilton and James Madison explored in minute detail the implications of establishing a kind of rule that would engage as many citizens as possible and that would include a system of checks and balances. Their arguments proved successful in the end and The Federalist Papers stand as key documents in the founding of the United States.
《联邦党人文集》作为一部政治学的经典名著，对后世诸多国家的政治制度产生了深远的影响，其设计的一部宪法和一套政治制度一样经久不衰，为世人所仰慕。究其原因，主要是联邦党人创新性地以分权制衡原则去构建了一套比较完善的国家基本政治制度。
内容简介
The documents that shaped a nation.
Three of the founding fathers brilliantly defend their revolutionary charter: the Constitution of the United States, a milestone in political science and a classic of American history.
《联邦党人文集》三位作者都是美国建国初期起过不同作用的资产阶级历史人物。他们当时自称联邦共和国制度。因此，《联邦党人文集》是全面为新宪法辩护的一部著作。对目前联邦政府的无能有了无可置疑的经验以后，要请你们为美利坚合众国慎重考虑一部新的宪法。这个问题本身就能说明它的重要性；因为它的后果涉及联邦的生存、联邦各组成部分的安全与福利，以及一个在许多方面可以说是世界上最引人注意的帝国的命运。时常有人指出，似乎有下面的重要问题留待我国人民用他们的行为和范例来求得解决：人类社会是否真正能够通过深思熟虑和自由选择来建立一个良好的政府，还是他们永远注定要靠机遇和强力来决定他们的政治组织。如果这句话不无道理，那末我们也许可以理所当然地把我们所面临的紧要关头当做是应该作出这项决定的时刻；由此看来，假使我们选错自己将要扮演的角色，那就应当认为是全人类的不幸。
这个想法会在爱国心的动机之外又增加关怀人类的动机，以提高所有思虑周到的善良人士对这事件的关切心情。如果我们的选择取决于对我们真正利益的明智估计，而不受与公共利益无关的事实的迷惑和影响，那就万分幸运了。但这件事情与其说是可以认真预期，还不如说是只能热切希望而已。提供给我们审议的那个计划，要影响太多的私人利益，要改革太多的地方机构，因此在讨论中必然会涉及与计划的是非曲直无关的各种事物，并且激起对寻求真理不利的观点、情感和偏见。
在新宪法必然会碰到的最大障碍中，可以很容易地发现下列情况：每一州都有某一类的人，他们的明显利益在于反对一切变化，因为那些变化有可能减少他们在州政府中所任职位的权力、待遇和地位；另外还有一类人，他们出于不正常的野心，或者希望趁国家混乱的机会扩大自己的权力，或者认为，对他们来说在国家分为几个部分邦联政府的情况下，要比联合在一起有更多向上爬的机会。
作者简介
Alexander Hamilton (January11,1755or1757–July12,1804) was a Founding Father, soldier, economist, political philosopher, one of America's first constitutional lawyers and the first United States Secretary of the Treasury. He has been described as one who "more than any other designed the Government of the United States": As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton was the primary author of the economic policies of the George Washington Administration, especially the funding of the state debts by the Federal government, the establishment of a national bank, a system of tariffs, and friendly trade relations with Britain. He became the leader of the Federalist Party, created largely in support of his views, and was opposed by Democratic-Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.
James Madison,Jr. (March16,1751–June 28,1836) was the fourth President of the United States. He is widely regarded as the “Father of the Constitution” and the author of the United States Bill of Rights. He has been called the chief architect of the most important political experiment in human history.
As with Thomas Jefferson, his most significant contributions to American history came before his presidency. The United States Constitution is the world’s oldest written constitution, and is considered to be the most important document ever written in the history of freedom. The Constitution has been a model for other constitutions around the world ever since, and many of them read remarkably like America’s Constitution.
As a leader of the new Federalist Party, Jay was the Governor of New York State from 1795 to 1801, and he became the state's leading opponent of slavery. His first two attempts to pass laws for the emancipation of all slaves in New York failed in 1777 and in 1785, but his third attempt succeeded in 1799. The new law that he signed into existence brought about the emancipation of all slaves there before his death in 1829.
John Jay (December12,1745–May17,1829) was an American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, a Founding Father of the United States, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–95).
Jay served as the President of the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779. During and after the American Revolution, Jay was a minister (ambassador) to Spain and France, helping to fashion United States foreign policy, and to secure favorable peace terms from Great Britain (with Jay's Treaty of 1794) and the First French Republic. Jay also co-wrote the Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
The Federalist Papers《联邦党人文集 英文原版》
詹姆斯·麦迪逊（James Madison，1751—1836），美国第四任总统。他担任总统期间曾领导进行第二次美英战争，保卫了美国的共和制度，为美国赢得彻底独立建立了功绩。他在1776年参加弗吉尼亚宪法的制定，在大陆的国会提供，并且是弗吉尼亚会议的一位领导人。他还是出席大陆会议的代表，是制宪会议的主要人物、北部联邦党人文件的起草人之一、众议院议员、民主共和党的组织者。
约翰·杰(1745年12月12日-1829年5月17日) ，美国政客，政治家，革命家，外交家，美国的国父，和美国（1789年至1795年）的第一个终审法院首席法官。Jay从1778年到1779年担任大陆会议主席。在美国革命期间和之后，Jay是驻西班牙和法国大使，帮助时尚的美国外交政策，并确保大不列颠和法国第一共和国有利的合约。Jay也写了联邦党人文集"随着亚历山大汉密尔顿和詹姆斯麦迪逊"。Jay作为一个新的联邦党领袖，纽约州州长，从1795年到1801年，他成为国家的领导反抗奴隶制度。他的前两次在纽约尝试解放奴隶，最后失败了，但他在1799年的第三次尝试成功了。1799运动，逐步解放行动。在1829年他去世前成功的签署解放所有奴隶的法律。
精彩书评
"Admirable introduction...Oxford University Press is to be congratulated on adding it to its collection of World's Classics. "
--Howard Temperley, TLS
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