【背单词】Day1

for 《Why China is Laviting Money On Foreign Students》经济学人20190126

lavish | BrE ˈlavɪʃ, AmE ˈlævɪʃ | A. adjective ① (generous) 大方的 dàfang de ‹person›; 慷慨给予的 kāngkǎi jǐyǔ de ‹praise, money, gifts›▸ to be lavish with sth; 对某物大手大脚 ▸ to be lavish in one's praise for or in praising sth/sb 对某事/某人赞不绝口 ② (plentiful) 巨大的 jùdà de ‹expenditure›; 奢华的 shēhuá de ‹reception, lifestyle, surroundings›▸ a lavish amount of food and drink 大量食品饮料 ▸ their hospitality was lavish 他们非常好客 B. transitive verb ▸ to lavish sth on sb/sth; 慷慨地将…给予某人/某事 kāngkǎi de jiāng… jǐyǔ mǒu rén/mǒu shì ‹praise, money, affection›

tale | BrE teɪl, AmE teɪl | noun ① (story) 故事 gùshi ▸ a folk tale 民间传说 ▸ to tell a tale 讲故事 ▸ a cautionary tale 警示 ▸ to tell the same/another tale figurative 情况相同/矛盾 ▸ thereby hangs a tale 说来话长 ▸ dead men tell no tales proverb 死人不会说话 ▸ to tell its own tale 不言自明 ▸ recent events tell their own tale 新近发生的事一目了然 ▸ a likely tale! informal 鬼才信呢！ informal ② (piece of hearsay or gossip) 流言 liúyán ▸ to tell tales out of school 背后说长道短

disorientate | BrE dɪsˈɔːrɪɛnteɪt, AmE dɪsˈɔriənˌteɪt | transitive verb ① (make lose sense of direction) 使迷失方向 shǐ míshī fāngxiàng ; (make lose sense of time) «travel, jet lag» 使失去时间感 shǐ shīqù shíjiāngǎn ② (confuse) 使迷惘 shǐ míwǎng

ripe | BrE rʌɪp, AmE raɪp | adjective ① (ready to be eaten) 成熟的 chéngshú de ‹fruit, crop, grain›② (fully matured) 酿好的 niànghǎo de ‹port, wine›▸ a ripe cheese 熟干酪 ③ attributive (advanced) 年高的 niángāo de ▸ to live to a ripe old age 活到高龄 ▸ at the ripe old age of 21 I find myself on the shelf humorous 活到21岁高龄之时，我发现自己成了剩女 ④ predicative ▸ (ready for sth) to be ripe for sth; 做某事的时机已成熟 zuò mǒu shì de shíjī yǐ chéngshú ▸ apples ripe for (the) picking 成熟待摘的苹果 chéngshú dài zhāi de píngguǒ ▸ land ripe for development 适合开发的土地 shìhé kāifā de tǔdì ⑤ predicative ▸ (full of sth) to be ripe with sth; 充满某事物 chōngmǎn mǒu shìwù ▸ a job ripe with opportunities for promotion 有充分升职机会的工作 ⑥ informal (coarse) 粗俗的 cūsú de ▸ we thought his humour was a bit ripe 我们觉得他的幽默有点粗俗

ethnic | BrE ˈɛθnɪk, AmE ˈɛθnɪk | adjective ① (as group) (national) 民族的 mínzú de ; (racial) 种族的 zhǒngzú de ; (tribal) 部落的 bùluò de ▸ ethnic communities/traditions 种族社区/民族传统 ② (in origin) 源自民族文化的 yuánzì mínzú wénhuà de ▸ ethnic origin/background 民族文化起源/背景 ③ (by birth, descent) 人种的 rénzhǒng de ▸ ethnic Albanians 阿尔巴尼亚后裔 ④ (non-Western) 非西方文化传统的 fēiXīfāng wénhuà chuántǒng de ▸ ethnic dresses/music 异国情调的服装/音乐

roar | BrE rɔː, AmE rɔr | A. noun ① (of large animal) 咆哮 páoxiào ▸ to give a roar 嗥叫 ② (of person) 叫喊 jiàohǎn ▸ he gave a roar of rage 他怒吼了一声 ③ (of amusement) 大笑声 dàxiào shēng ▸ a roar of laughter 一阵哈哈大笑 ④ (of applause) 鼓掌声 gǔzhǎng shēng ▸ the audience gave a roar of applause 观众报以雷鸣般的掌声 ⑤ (of machine, traffic) 轰鸣声 hōngmíng shēng ⑥ (of water, wind) 呼啸声 hūxiào shēng ▸ the wind howled above the roar of the sea 风在咆哮的大海上呼号 ▸ the roar of the waterfall deafened them 瀑布的轰鸣声让他们什么也听不见 ⑦ (of flames) 呼呼声 hūhū shēng ▸ the roar of the forest fire was terrifying 熊熊燃烧的林火令人恐惧 B. transitive verb ① (shout) 大喊 dàhǎn ▸ to roar one's approval 大声叫好 ▸ ‘quiet!’he roared “安静！”他吼道 ② (rev up) 使…快速运转 shǐ… kuàisù yùnzhuǎn ‹engine›C. intransitive verb ① (howl) «lion, bull» 吼叫 hǒujiào ▸ to roar with fury 怒吼 ② (bellow) «person» 大喊 dàhǎn ▸ to roar at sb; 冲某人喊叫 ③ (shout together) «crowd» 喧哗 xuānhuá ▸ to roar with pain/rage 痛苦/愤怒地大喊大叫 ④ (laugh) 放声大笑 fàngshēng dàxiào ▸ to roar in amusement 开心地大笑 ▸ to roar with laughter 哈哈大笑 ⑤ (rumble) «machine, traffic» 轰鸣 hōngmíng ▸ the car roared into life 汽车轰鸣着发动起来 ⑥ (move noisily) 呼啸而行 hūxiào ér xíng ▸ to roar past sb/sth; 从某人/某物旁呼啸而过 ▸ to roar along; 轰鸣着前行 ▸ the car roared away 汽车呼啸而去 ▸ to roar down/up the street; 轰鸣着沿街开去/开来 ⑦ (make long, loud, deep sound) «wind, sea» 呼啸 hūxiào ; «waterfall» 轰鸣 hōngmíng ; «fire, flames» 熊熊燃烧 xióngxióng ránshāo PHRASAL VERB roar out transitive verb [roar sth out, roar out sth] 大声喊出 dàshēng hǎnchū ‹command›▸ the fans roared out their approval 粉丝们大声叫好

yarn | BrE jɑːn, AmE jɑrn | A. noun ① uncountable (thread) 纱线 shāxiàn ▸ wool/cotton/nylon yarn 羊毛线/棉纱/尼龙线 ② countable informal (tale) 离奇故事 líqí gùshi ▸ to spin a yarn 编造离奇故事 B. intransitive verb informal 讲离奇故事 jiǎng líqí gùshi

savour | BrE ˈseɪvə, AmE ˈseɪvər | British A. noun ① literal (flavour) 滋味 zīwèi ; (smell) 气味 qìwèi ▸ to lose/keep its savour 失去/保持其味道 ② figurative (enjoyable quality) 趣味 qùwèi ▸ life has lost its savour for her 对她来说生活已没有了乐趣 ③ (trace, hint) 微量 wēiliàng ▸ to have a savour of … 略有…的味道 B. transitive verb ① (taste and enjoy) 品尝 pǐncháng ‹food, drink›② figurative (revel in) 享受 xiǎngshòu ‹freedom, peace›; 欣赏 xīnshǎng ‹idea›; 品味 pǐnwèi ‹words›▸ I want to savour every moment 我想细细品味每一刻 ▸ he didn't savour the prospect of telling the family 他可不愿意告诉家人 C. intransitive verb ▸ to savour of sth formal «remarks, attitude, situation» 意味着某事物 yìwèizhe mǒu shìwù

cuisine | BrE kwɪˈziːn, AmE kwəˈzin | noun uncountable and countable (style of cooking) 烹饪 pēngrèn ; (food cooked) 饭菜 fàncài ▸ French/Italian cuisine 法国/意大利菜式

bond | BrE bɒnd, AmE bɑnd | A. noun ① (link) 纽带 niǔdài ▸ to feel a strong bond with sb 感到和某人关系密切 ▸ the experience forged a bond between them 那次经历把他们联系在了一起 ② (fetter) 镣铐 liàokào ; figurative literary 枷锁 jiāsuǒ ▸ to break the bonds of routine 打破常规的束缚 ③ Finance 债券 zhàiquàn ④ (adhesion) 黏合剂 niánhéjì ⑤ Chemistry 键 jiàn ⑥ Law (deposit, guarantee) 契约 qìyuē ▸ my word is my bond 我一定会履行诺言 ⑦ Building 砌合 qìhé ⑧ (at customs) 关栈保税 guānzhàn bǎoshuì [指把货物放在海关的堆栈中，待完税后取出]▸ in bond; 在关栈中 B. transitive verb ① (stick) (also bond together) «adhesive» 黏合 niánhé ‹surfaces, materials›② (at customs) 把…存入关栈 bǎ… cúnrù guānzhàn ‹goods›C. intransitive verb ① (mainly Psychology) 建立密切关系 jiànlì mìqiè guānxì ▸ the mother and baby bonded quickly 母亲和婴儿很快建立了感情 ② (adhere) «material, surface» 黏合 niánhé

dissipate | BrE ˈdɪsɪpeɪt, AmE ˈdɪsəˌpeɪt | A. transitive verb ① (disperse) 驱散 qūsàn ‹fog, mist, clouds›② (dispel) 消除 xiāochú ‹fear, anxiety, suspicion›; 平息 píngxī ‹anger›; 使…破灭 shǐ… pòmiè ‹hope›③ (use up) 耗尽 hàojìn ‹energy, effort, resources›④ (waste) 浪费 làngfèi ‹fortune, talent›B. intransitive verb (disperse) 消散 xiāosàn ; (disappear) 消失 xiāoshī

tuition | BrE tjuːˈɪʃ(ə)n, AmE t(j)uˈɪʃ(ə)n | noun uncountable ① (tutoring) [对个人或小组的] 讲授 jiǎngshòu ▸ private tuition 私人教师指导 ▸ to give tuition to sb 给某人上课 ▸ tuition in or on sth; 某方面的课程 ② US (fees) 学费 xuéfèi

accommodation | BrE əkɒməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n, AmE əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n | noun ① (also accommodations US) (living quarters) 住所 zhùsuǒ ▸ 'accommodation to let' British “房屋出租” ▸ 1st class/de luxe accommodation 最高档的/豪华客房 ▸ the office block had accommodation for thousands of clerks 办公大楼可容纳数千职员 ② (agreement) 和解 héjiě ▸ to come to or reach an accommodation on or over sth with sb; 与某人就某事达成和解

stipend | BrE ˈstʌɪpɛnd, AmE ˈstaɪˌpɛnd | noun [尤指神职人员、教师和公务员的] 薪金 xīnjīn

halal | BrE həˈlɑːl, AmE həˈlɑl,ˈhælæl | adjective 合乎伊斯兰教教法的 héhū Yīsīlánjiào jiàofǎ de ‹meat›▸ halal food 清真食品

programme | BrE ˈprəʊɡram | AmE | British A. noun ① (plan) 计划 jìhuà ; (schedule) 日程 rìchéng ▸ to introduce/launch/carry out a programme 引进/启动/施行计划 ② Music 曲目 qǔmù ③ Theatre, Music (booklet) 节目单 jiémùdān ④ Television, Radio (slot) 节目 jiémù ▸ a request programme 点播节目 ▸ a programme director/schedule 节目导演/时间表 ⑤ Radio, Television dated (channel) 频道 píndào B. transitive verb ① (set) 设定 shèdìng ‹system, microwave›▸ the machine is programmed to shut down automatically after six hours 这台机器设定在6小时后自动关闭 ▸ I've got your number programmed into my mobile phone 我把你的号码设在了我的手机里 ② (schedule) 安排 ānpái ‹meeting, visit›③ Biology (predetermine) 命定 mìngdìng

anthropology | BrE ˌanθrəˈpɒlədʒi, AmE ˌænθrəˈpɑlədʒi | noun uncountable 人类学 rénlèixué

curiosity | BrE kjʊərɪˈɒsɪti, AmE ˌkjʊriˈɑsədi | noun ① uncountable (desire to know) 好奇 hàoqí ▸ to arouse/satisfy sb's curiosity 引起/满足某人的好奇心 ▸ out of curiosity 出于好奇 ▸ curiosity about sth; 对某事物的好奇 ▸ curiosity killed the cat proverb 过分好奇惹是非 ② countable (object) 珍稀物 zhēnxīwù ▸ a collection of 18th-century curiosities 18世纪古玩藏品 ③ countable (person) 怪人 guàirén

curriculum vitae | BrE kʌˈrɪkjʊləm ˈviːtʌɪ, AmE kəˌrɪk(j)ələm ˈviˌtaɪ | noun plural curricula vitae 简历 jiǎnlì

infrastructure | BrE ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə, AmE ˈɪnfrəˌstrək(t)ʃər | noun countable and uncountable 基础设施 jīchǔ shèshī

fourfold | BrE ˈfɔːfəʊld, AmE ˈfɔrˌfoʊld | A. adjective 四倍的 sì bèi de ‹increase, decrease›B. adverb 四倍地 sì bèi de ‹increase, decrease›

recipient | BrE rɪˈsɪpɪənt, AmE rəˈsɪpiənt | noun 接受者 jiēshòuzhě ▸ welfare recipient 接受福利救济的人 ▸ a worthy recipient of this generous prize 这个丰厚奖品当之无愧的得主

reserve | BrE rɪˈzəːv, AmE rəˈzərv | A. noun ① uncountable and countable (of oil, food, parts, ammunition, currency) 储备 chǔbèi ; (of strength, patience) 积聚 jījù ▸ to fall back on one's reserves 依靠自己的储备 ▸ oil/capital reserves 石油/资金储备 ▸ to have reserves of sth 有…储备 ‹energy› 保留 bǎoliú ‹strength› 保持 bǎochí ‹patience›▸ in reserve 备用的 ▸ to keep or hold sb/sth in reserve 让某人预备待命/储备某物 ▸ the money was being kept in reserve for their retirement 这笔钱是存着给他们退休后用的 ▸ 200 police officers were held in reserve 有200名警察随时待命 ▸ reserve supplies/funds 储备补给/储备金 ▸ reserve police 预备役警察 ② countable (area of land) 自然保护区 zìrán bǎohùqū ▸ he works on a reserve 他在自然保护区工作 ③ uncountable (reticence) 拘谨 jūjǐn ▸ her natural reserve 她天生的矜持 ▸ to break through sb's reserve 消除某人的拘谨 ▸ to lose one's reserve 变得开朗 ④ uncountable formal (doubt) 保留 bǎoliú ▸ with reserve 谨慎地 ▸ I trust him without reserve 我完全信任他 ⑤ countable Sport 替补队员 tìbǔ duìyuán ▸ a reserve player/goalkeeper 替补队员/守门员 ⑥ countable ▸ Military the reserve(s) 后备部队 hòubèi bùduì ▸ the army reserve 预备役部队 yùbèiyì bùduì ▸ to call up the reserves 动用后备军 dòngyòng hòubèijūn ▸ reserve forces 后备军 hòubèijūn ⑦ countable British Business 底价 dǐjià ▸ to put a reserve on sth 给某物设定底价 B. reserves plural noun (team) 预备队 yùbèiduì ▸ he plays in the reserves 他是替补队员 C. transitive verb ① (book) 预订 yùdìng ‹seat, place, table, ticket›▸ to reserve sth for sb/sth; 为某人/某事物预订某物 ② (set aside) 预留 yùliú ‹seat, place, table, ticket›▸ to reserve sth for sb/sth or to reserve sb/sth sth; 为某人/某事预留某物 ③ (save for later) 留下 liúxia ▸ roll out half the dough and reserve the other half 把一半面团擀平，留下另一半 ④ (save for special situation) 储备 chǔbèi ▸ to reserve sth for sb/sth; 为某人/某事物储备某物 ▸ the runner reserved his strength for the final mile of the marathon 这名马拉松参赛选手为最后1英里赛程保存了体力 ▸ she reserves her fiercest criticism for him 她准备对他进行最严厉的批评 ▸ to reserve a warm welcome for sb 准备热烈欢迎某人 ⑤ (retain as right) 保留 bǎoliú ‹power›▸ all rights reserved 版权所有 ▸ the publisher reserves the film rights on the novel 出版商保留这部小说的电影版权 ▸ to reserve the right to do sth 保留做某事的权利 ⑥ (not make) 暂不作 zàn bù zuò ‹decision, verdict›; 保留 bǎoliú ‹opinion›▸ to reserve (one's) judgement 暂不评判

pile | BrE pʌɪl, AmE paɪl | A. noun ① (untidy heap) 堆 duī ▸ a pile of stones/dirty clothes/cigarette ash 一堆石头/脏衣服/烟灰 ▸ to make a pile of sth, to put sth in a pile 把某物堆成一堆 ▸ to be at the top/bottom of the pile 处于顶层/底层 ▸ to stay (at the) top of the pile figurative 保持长盛不衰 ② (stack) (of books, magazines, clothes) 摞 luò ; (of paper, documents) 沓 dá ; (of dishes) 叠 dié ▸ to sort sth into piles 把某物整理成一摞一摞的 ▸ to put sth in a pile 把某物摞起来 ③ informal (large amount) 大量 dàliàng ▸ piles or a pile of sth; 大量某物 ▸ to make a or one's pile (doing sth/out of sth) （做某事/从某事物中）赚大钱 ④ informal humorous (grand building) 宏伟建筑 hóngwěi jiànzhù ▸ a Georgian pile 乔治王朝时期的雄伟建筑 ⑤ (soft surface) 绒面 róngmiàn ▸ a carpet with a deep pile 厚绒地毯 ⑥ Building (part of foundation) (of building) 桩基 zhuāngjī ; (of bridge) 桥墩 qiáodūn ⑦ Electricity (dry battery) 电池组 diànchízǔ B. transitive verb ① (put into pile) 叠放 diéfàng ‹dishes›; 堆放 duīfàng ‹logs, food›; 把…放成一摞 bǎ… fàngchéng yī luò ‹books, papers›▸ to pile sth on top of sth 把某物堆放在某物上面 ▸ to pile coal on (to) the fire 给炉火加煤 ▸ to pile sth into a stack 把某物堆成一堆 ② informal (heap haphazardly) 胡乱堆放 húluàn duīfàng ▸ to pile sth into sth; 胡乱地把某物塞进某物 ③ (load) 堆满 duīmǎn ▸ to be piled with sth; «desk, floor, room» 堆满某物 duīmǎn mǒu wù C. intransitive verb ① informal (move en masse) 拥挤 yōngjǐ ▸ they piled through the gate/towards the exits 他们蜂拥穿过大门/挤向出口 ▸ they piled on to/off the bus 他们一窝蜂地上了/下了公交车 ② ▸ (crash) to pile into sth; «vehicle, driver» 撞上某物 zhuàngshang mǒu wù PHRASAL VERBS pile on transitive verb [pile on sth, pile sth on] ① (heap on) 把…堆起来 bǎ… duī qilai ‹objects, clothes, coal›② informal (intensify for effect) 夸大 kuādà ‹pathos, nostalgia›▸ he really knows how to pile on the charm 他对如何展示魅力颇有心得 ▸ to pile it on 夸大其词 ▸ to pile on the agony 过分渲染悲痛 pile up A. transitive verb [pile sth up, pile up sth] ① (put into pile) 堆积 duījī ② (load) 堆在…上 duī zài… shang ‹table, floor›; 堆在…里 duī zài… li ‹room›▸ the yard was piled up with rubbish 院子里堆满了垃圾 ③ figurative (accumulate) 积压 jīyā ‹work, problems, debts›; 累积 lěijī ‹losses, profits›; 积累 jīlěi ‹evidence, reasons›B. intransitive verb ① (form into pile) «papers, rubbish, snow» 堆积 duījī ② figurative (accumulate) «work, problems, debts» 积压 jīyā ; «losses, profits» 累积 lěijī ; «facts, evidence, clues» 积累 jīlěi ▸ to pile up on sb; 积聚到某人身上 ③ (crash) «vehicles» 撞毁 zhuànghuǐ

subsidy | BrE ˈsʌbsɪdi, AmE ˈsəbsədi | noun countable and uncountable 补贴 bǔtiē ▸ EU farming subsidies 欧盟农业补贴

budget | BrE ˈbʌdʒɪt, AmE ˈbədʒət | A. noun ① uncountable and countable (personal, commercial) 预算 yùsuàn ▸ to go over/stay within budget 超出/未超出预算 ▸ to be on a tight budget 预算很紧 ▸ my budget doesn't run to expensive wines 我手上的钱买不起昂贵的酒 ② British Politics (also Budget) 预算案 yùsuàn'àn ▸ to beat the Budget 预算案公布前抢先交易 before noun 预算的 yùsuàn de ‹cuts, surplus›B. adjective before noun (cheap) 便宜的 piányi de ‹hotel›; 低廉的 dīlián de ‹price›; 花钱少的 huāqián shǎo de ‹holiday›C. transitive verb 把…编入预算 bǎ… biānrù yùsuàn ‹(sum of) money›▸ I've budgeted £400 for next year's holiday 我准备明年花400英镑度假 D. intransitive verb «company, institution» 做预算安排 zuò yùsuàn ānpái ▸ firms that do not budget properly 预算做得不好的公司 ▸ we're budgeting for next year's holiday 我们在计划明年的度假费用

influence | BrE ˈɪnflʊəns, AmE ˈɪnflʊəns | A. noun ① uncountable (power to affect) 影响力 yǐngxiǎnglì ▸ to be under the influence of sb/sth; 受到某人/某事物的影响 ▸ to have a good/bad influence (on sb); （对某人）有好/坏影响 ▸ his parents no longer have any real influence over him 他的父母对他不再有任何真正的约束力了 ▸ the young king was under the influence of his chief minister 这位年轻的国王受到总理大臣的控制 ▸ under the influence informal 喝醉酒的 ▸ to drive under the influence 醉酒驾车 ② countable (sb or sth that exercises power) 影响 yǐngxiǎng ▸ those friends are a bad influence on her 那些朋友对她有负面影响 ▸ we are subject to many influences in life 我们一生中受到诸多因素的影响 ③ uncountable (ability to obtain favourable treatment) 势力 shìlì ▸ he used his influence to get his son the position 他凭借权势为儿子谋得这一职位 ▸ she has great influence with the manager 她能够对经理施加巨大影响 ④ countable and uncountable (of climate, magnetic field, gravity, planet) 作用 zuòyòng ▸ the influence of the moon on the tides 月球对潮汐的作用 B. transitive verb 影响 yǐngxiǎng ▸ to influence sb in his choice/decision/opinion 影响某人的选择/决定/意见 ▸ what on earth influenced you to behave in that way? 究竟是什么使你作出那样的举动？

manifestation | BrE ˌmanɪfɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n, AmE ˌmænəfəˈsteɪʃ(ə)n,ˌmænəˌfɛsˈteɪʃ(ə)n | noun ① countable (sign, symptom) 表现形式 biǎoxiàn xíngshì ▸ the early manifestations of the disease 该病的早期症状 ② uncountable (appearance) 表现 biǎoxiàn

strategy | BrE ˈstratɪdʒi, AmE ˈstrædədʒi | noun ① uncountable (art, skill) 战略 zhànlüè ② countable (plan) 策略 cèlüè ▸ a reading strategy 阅读策略 ▸ a wrong/correct or right strategy 错误/正确的策略

institute | BrE ˈɪnstɪtjuːt, AmE ˈɪnstəˌt(j)ut | A. noun (organization) 机构 jīgòu ▸ the Women's Institute 妇女协会 ▸ a research institute 研究院 B. transitive verb 开始实行 kāishǐ shíxíng ‹rule, scheme›▸ to institute (legal) proceedings against sb; 对某人提起诉讼 ▸ to institute inquiries into sth; 着手调查某事

campus | BrE ˈkampəs, AmE ˈkæmpəs | plural campuses noun 校园 xiàoyuán ▸ to live on/off campus 住在校内/校外

subsidize | BrE ˈsʌbsɪdʌɪz, AmE ˈsəbsəˌdaɪz | transitive verb ① (help pay for) 补贴 bǔtiē ‹education, housing, school meals›② (give money to) 资助 zīzhù ‹industry, farming›

arouse | BrE əˈraʊz, AmE əˈraʊz | transitive verb ① (cause) 引起 yǐnqǐ ▸ the picture aroused a feeling of disgust in me 那幅画让我感到恶心 ② (excite) 激起…的性欲 jīqǐ… de xìngyù ③ (waken) 唤醒 huànxǐng ▸ to arouse sb from sleep 把某人从睡梦中唤醒 ▸ to arouse sb to sth/to do sth; 唤起某人做某事

exert | BrE ɪɡˈzəːt,ɛɡˈzəːt, AmE ɪɡˈzərt | A. transitive verb 施加 shījiā ‹pressure, influence›; 利用 lìyòng ‹authority›; 运用 yùnyòng ‹talent›▸ to exert sth on sb/sth; 给某人/某事施加某事 ▸ to exert a force on sth; 向某物施加作用力 ▸ to exert every effort (to do sth) 尽一切力量（做某事） B. to exert oneself reflexive verb 努力 nǔlì ▸ don't exert yourself! 别费劲儿了！ bié fèijìnr le ！

prompt | BrE prɒm(p)t, AmE prɑm(p)t | A. adjective 及时的 jíshí de ▸ we would appreciate a prompt reply 如能及时回复，我们将不胜感激 ▸ we require prompt payment of this account 我们要求立即付清这笔账 B. adverb British 准时地 zhǔnshí de ▸ at six o'clock prompt 在6点整 C. transitive verb ① (cause) 导致 dǎozhì ‹protest, reaction, remark›▸ to prompt sb to do sth; 促使某人做某事 ▸ the strike was prompted by the sacking of a worker 罢工是由一名工人被解雇引起的 ② (remind) 给…提词 gěi… tící ‹actor›③ (encourage to talk) 鼓励…说下去 gǔlì… shuō xiaqu ‹speaker›D. noun ① 提词 tící ▸ to give sb a prompt 给某人提词 ② Computing 提示符 tíshìfú

resistance | BrE rɪˈzɪst(ə)ns, AmE rəˈzɪstəns | noun uncountable ① (to enemy) 抵抗 dǐkàng ▸ resistance to sb/sth; 对某人/某事物的抗拒 ▸ to put up or offer resistance 进行抵抗 ▸ armed resistance 武装抵抗 ▸ a pocket of resistance 一小股抵抗力量 ▸ a policy of passive resistance 消极抵抗政策 ② (to change, innovation) 抵制 dǐzhì ▸ to meet with resistance 遇到抵制 ▸ to take the line or path of least resistance 采取阻力最小的办法 ③ (to damage, injury, infection) 抵抗力 dǐkànglì ▸ to build up a resistance to sth 增强对某物的抵抗力 ④ Physics 电阻 diànzǔ ⑤ ▸ the Resistance History 抵抗运动 dǐkàng yùndòng [二战期间法国反对德国占领军和维希政府的地下运动]

territory | BrE ˈtɛrɪt(ə)ri, AmE ˈtɛrəˌtɔri | noun ① uncountable and countable (land) (of nation, army) 领土 lǐngtǔ ; (of team, person, animal) 地盘 dìpán ② Territory countable (division within country) (in USA) 准州 zhǔnzhōu ; (in Canada) 地方 dìfang ; (in Australia) 区 qū ③ countable (responsibility of salesperson) [某人负责的] 地区 dìqū ▸ to go with the territory 是难免的事 ④ countable (sphere, area of knowledge) 领域 lǐngyù

aspirin | BrE ˈasp(ə)rɪn, AmE ˈæsp(ə)rən | noun uncountable and countable 阿司匹林 āsīpǐlín ▸ two aspirin(s) 两片阿司匹林

endow | BrE ɪnˈdaʊ,ɛnˈdaʊ, AmE ɪnˈdaʊ,ɛnˈdaʊ | transitive verb ① (donate) 向…捐赠 xiàng… juānzèng ‹school, hospital, charity›② (give) 赋予 fùyǔ ▸ to endow sb with sth; 赋予某人某品质 ▸ to be endowed with sth 生来具有某品质 ▸ she is well-endowed informal 她天资聪颖 ③ (establish) 设立 shèlì ‹prize, academic post›

preach | BrE priːtʃ, AmE pritʃ | A. intransitive verb ① Religion 讲道 jiǎngdào ▸ to preach about or on sth; 宣讲某事物 ▸ to preach to the converted 向教徒宣教 ② figurative derogatory (give moral advice) 说教 shuōjiào ▸ to preach at or to sb 对某人说教 B. transitive verb ① (proclaim, teach) 宣讲 xuānjiǎng ‹religion, doctrine›▸ to preach sth to sb; 向某人宣讲某事物 ② (deliver) 布 bù ‹sermon›③ figurative (urge) 宣扬 xuānyáng ‹tolerance, virtues, pacifism›▸ preaching brotherly love is easier than practising it 兄弟般的友爱说起来容易做起来难

imperial | BrE ɪmˈpɪərɪəl, AmE ɪmˈpɪriəl | → the Imperial System adjective ① (of empire) 帝国的 dìguó de ② (of emperor) 皇帝的 huángdì de ③ British (of measurements) 英制的 yīngzhì de ‹gallon, pound, quarto›

virtue | BrE ˈvəːtʃuː,ˈvəːtjuː, AmE ˈvərtʃu | noun ① countable (good quality) 美德 měidé ▸ patience is a virtue 耐心是一种美德 ▸ to make a virtue of necessity 不得已而甘愿为之 ② uncountable (goodness) 高尚品行 gāoshàng pǐnxíng ▸ virtue is its own reward proverb 有德便是有报 ③ countable (advantage) 优点 yōudiǎn ▸ to have the virtue of sth 有某种优点 ▸ to extol the virtues of sth 赞美某事的长处 ▸ by virtue of sth 由于某事 ④ uncountable archaic (chastity) 贞操 zhēncāo ▸ (a woman) of easy virtue 水性杨花的（女人）

socialism | BrE ˈsəʊʃəlɪz(ə)m, AmE ˈsoʊʃəˌlɪzəm | noun uncountable 社会主义 shèhuì zhǔyì

tabloid | BrE ˈtablɔɪd, AmE ˈtæbˌlɔɪd | noun (also tabloid newspaper) 通俗小报 tōngsú xiǎobào ▸ a tabloid journalist (mainly derogatory) 小报记者 xiǎobào jìzhě

paraphrase | BrE ˈparəfreɪz, AmE ˈpɛrəˌfreɪz | A. noun 释义 shìyì B. transitive verb 解释 jiěshì ‹poem, passage›

envoy | BrE ˈɛnvɔɪ, AmE ˈɛnˌvɔɪ,ˈɑnˌvɔɪ | noun ① (messenger, representative) 使者 shǐzhě ② (diplomat) (also envoy extraordinary) 特命全权公使 tèmìng quánquán gōngshǐ

ignorant | BrE ˈɪɡn(ə)r(ə)nt, AmE ˈɪɡnərənt | adjective ① (of a subject) 不知情的 bù zhīqíng de ▸ to be ignorant of or about sth; 对某事物不知情 ▸ to have ignorant ideas or notions about sth; 不了解某事物 ② (uneducated) 蒙昧的 méngmèi de ‹person, society›▸ she's not stupid, just ignorant 她并不傻，只是没有学识 ▸ to be pig ignorant slang derogatory 极其无知 ③ (boorish) 粗鲁的 cūlǔ de ‹person, behaviour, remark›

bias | BrE ˈbʌɪəs, AmE ˈbaɪəs | A. noun plural biases ① uncountable and countable (inclination) 倾向 qīngxiàng ▸ a female bias 对女性的偏爱 ▸ a left-wing bias 左翼倾向 ② uncountable and countable (prejudice) 偏见 piānjiàn ▸ to display bias 表现出偏见 ▸ political/media bias 政治/媒体偏见 ③ uncountable and countable (active discrimination) 歧视 qíshì ▸ racial/sexual bias 种族/性别歧视 ④ uncountable and countable (in sewing) 斜纹 xiéwén ▸ to cut sth on the bias 斜裁某物 ⑤ uncountable and countable Statistics 偏差 piānchā B. transitive verb present participle etc. biasing biased or biassing biassed 使有偏见 shǐ yǒu piānjiàn ▸ to bias sb against/in favour of … 使某人对…产生偏见/使某人偏向…

Pakistani | BrE pakɪˈstɑːni, AmE ˌpækəˈstæni,pɑkɪˈstɑni | A. adjective (of Pakistan) 巴基斯坦的 Bājīsītǎn de ; (of the people) 巴基斯坦人的 Bājīsītǎnrén de B. noun 巴基斯坦人 Bājīsītǎnrén

mandarin | BrE ˈmand(ə)rɪn, AmE ˈmændərən | noun ① countable (fruit) 柑橘 gānjú ② countable (tree) 柑橘树 gānjú shù ③ (Mandarin or Mandarin Chinese) uncountable 普通话 pǔtōnghuà ④ countable Politics, Administration 官僚 guānliáo ⑤ countable History [旧时中国政府的] 高级官吏 gāojí guānlì

grumble | BrE ˈɡrʌmb(ə)l, AmE ˈɡrəmbəl | A. intransitive verb ① (complain) 抱怨 bàoyuàn ▸ to grumble at sb; 冲某人发牢骚 ▸ to grumble to sb; 在某人面前发牢骚 ▸ to grumble about sb/sth; 抱怨某人/某事物 ② (rumble) «thunder» 发轰隆声 fā hōnglōng shēng ; «stomach» 咕咕叫 gūgū jiào B. noun ① countable (complaint) 抱怨 bàoyuàn ▸ to have a grumble about sb/sth; 抱怨某人/某事物 ② uncountable (of thunder) 轰隆声 hōnglōng shēng ; (of stomach) 咕哝声 gūnong shēng

ease | BrE iːz, AmE iz | A. noun uncountable ① (lack of difficulty) 容易 róngyì ▸ with ease; 轻易地 ▸ for ease of use; 为便于使用 ② (feeling of relaxation and confidence) 轻松自在 qīngsōng zìzài ▸ at ease with sb/sth 与某人交往感到自在/处理某事得心应手 ▸ my mind was at ease 我心情平静 ▸ to put sb's mind at ease (about sth) 使某人（对某事）少安毋躁 ▸ (stand) at ease! Military 稍息！ ③ (confidence of manner) 自如 zìrú ④ (affluence) 安逸 ānyì ▸ a life of ease 安逸的生活 B. transitive verb ① (lessen) 减轻 jiǎnqīng ‹pain, worry›② (make easier) 使…更方便 shǐ… gèng fāngbiàn ‹communication, transition›③ (relieve anxiety) 使安心 shǐ ānxīn ▸ to ease sb's mind 使某人放心 ④ (move carefully) 小心地移动 xiǎoxīn de yídòng ▸ she eased the car into the car park 她把车慢慢开进停车场 ⑤ (slow) 慢慢减少 mànmàn jiǎnshǎo ‹speed›⑥ (relax) 将…放松 jiāng… fàngsōng ‹grip›C. intransitive verb ① (lessen) «tension» 缓和 huǎnhé ; «pain, congestion» 减轻 jiǎnqīng ; «rain» 变小 biànxiǎo ② (become less difficult) «situation» 好转 hǎozhuǎn ③ Finance «share prices» 下跌 xiàdiē ; «interest rates» 下降 xiàjiàng D. to ease oneself reflexive verb ▸ to ease oneself into/out of sth; 小心地进入/移出 ‹bed, chair› 慢慢穿上/脱下 mànmàn chuānshang/tuōxia ‹clothes›▸ to ease oneself through; 慢慢通过 ‹gap›PHRASAL VERBS ease back transitive verb [ease sth back, ease back sth] ① (pull backwards) 轻轻往后拉 qīngqīng wǎng hòu lā ‹lever›② (remove by pulling) 轻轻揭开 qīngqīng jiēkāi ‹cover, bandage›ease off A. intransitive verb ① (lessen) «situation, tension» 缓和 huǎnhé ; «pressure, pain» 减轻 jiǎnqīng ; «speed, pace» 放慢 fàng màn ② (work less hard) 放松 fàngsōng B. transitive verb [ease sth off, ease off sth] (remove gently) 轻轻揭开 qīngqīng jiēkāi ‹bandage, lid›; 轻轻脱下 qīngqīng tuōxia ‹boot›ease up intransitive verb ① (work less hard) 放松 fàngsōng ② (lessen) «situation, tension» 缓和 huǎnhé ; «pressure» 减轻 jiǎnqīng ③ ▸ (be more moderate with) to ease up on sb/sth; 对某人变宽容/使某事变宽松 duì mǒu rén biàn kuānróng/shǐ mǒu shì biàn kuānsōng

endurance | BrE ɪnˈdjʊər(ə)ns,ɛnˈdjʊər(ə)ns,ɪnˈdʒɔːr(ə)ns,ɛnˈdʒɔːr(ə)ns, AmE ɪnˈd(j)ʊrəns,ɛnˈd(j)ʊrəns | noun uncountable ① (tolerance for pain, hardship) 忍耐力 rěnnàilì ▸ past or beyond (all) endurance 忍无可忍 ② (durability) 耐用度 nàiyòngdù

lecture | BrE ˈlɛktʃə, AmE ˈlɛk(t)ʃər | A. noun ① (public talk) 讲座 jiǎngzuò ▸ to give/attend a lecture; 作/听讲座 ▸ a lecture about or on sth; 关于某主题的讲座 ② (scolding) 训斥 xùnchì ▸ to give sb a lecture about honesty 训诫某人要诚实 B. transitive verb 训斥 xùnchì ‹person›▸ to lecture sb for having done sth 因某人做了某事对其加以训斥 C. intransitive verb 讲课 jiǎngkè ▸ he lectures on Spanish literature/in law 他讲授西班牙文学/法律 ▸ to lecture to a large audience 对众多的听众作讲座

enthusiastic | BrE ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈastɪk,ɛnˌθjuːzɪˈastɪk, AmE ɪnˌθ(j)uziˈæstɪk,ɛnˌθ(j)uziˈæstɪk | adjective 热情的 rèqíng de ▸ to be enthusiastic about sth/sb; 对某人/某事物很感兴趣 ▸ an enthusiastic supporter 热心的支持者

corridor | BrE ˈkɒrɪdɔː, AmE ˈkɔrədər,ˈkɔrəˌdɔr | noun ① (in building, train) 走廊 zǒuláng ▸ the corridors of power figurative 权力走廊 [指左右决策的权力中心] ② Geography, Politics 走廊 zǒuláng [指狭长地带]

mutual | BrE ˈmjuːtʃʊəl,ˈmjuːtʃ(ə)l, AmE ˈmjutʃ(u)əl | adjective ① (reciprocal) 相互的 xiānghù de ‹action›▸ I don't like her, and I think the feeling is mutual 我不喜欢她，我想她也不喜欢我 ▸ a mutual admiration society derogatory 相互吹捧俱乐部 ② attributive (having the same relationship to each other) 关系对等的 guānxì duìděng de ▸ they are mutual friends/enemies 他们彼此为友/为敌 ③ attributive (common) 共同的 gòngtóng de ‹friend, acquaintance, interest›; 共用的 gòng yòng de ‹entrance, staircase›▸ by mutual agreement 根据达成的共识 ④ attributive Finance 互助的 hùzhù de ‹organization, building society›

embassy | BrE ˈɛmbəsi, AmE ˈɛmbəsi | noun 大使馆 dàshǐguǎn