89. 眶额回脑皮质在哪里?
寿带群一麻麻请求查阅“眶额回”的英文资料。今天初步翻译一下这个眼眶背后的小小脑皮质有些啥功能?
眶额皮质是大脑额叶的最小部分。位于眼睛后面的颅腔内，前额皮质的这个区域参与了决策过程的重要部分，在产生由许多味道和气味引起的愉悦或不愉快的感觉中起作用。在测量大脑活动的测试中，可以看到眶额回在涉及学习新信息的任务中高度活跃。 眶额皮质的不同部分控制着学习和行为的几个方面。眶额回的中间部分，帮助大脑处理行为强化中的奖励方面。它的侧面或侧面部分有助于大脑处理行动中的惩罚价值。眶额皮质的奖与惩处理之间的相互作用是一个人从错误中学习和改变破坏性行为模式的重要因素。 在眶额皮层内，情绪和思维过程相结合，影响一个人做出的日常决定。眶额回的受损受伤或病变可能导致人的行为发生变化。
The orbitofrontal cortex is the smallest part of the frontal lobe in the brain. Located within the cranial cavity directly behind the eyes, this region of the prefrontal cortex is involved in a large part of the decision-making process. Part of this brain structure plays a role in the creation of pleasurable or unpleasant sensations evoked by many flavors and smells. During tests that measure brain activity, it is seen to be highly active throughout tasks that involve learning new information. Different parts of the orbitofrontal cortex control several aspects of learning and behavior. The medial part, or middle of this brain structure, helps the brain process the reward aspect of behavior reinforcement. Lateral or side portions of it helps the brain to process the punishment value of actions. Interactions between the reward and punishment processors in the orbitofrontal cortex are an important factor in a person’s ability to learn from mistakes and change destructive behavior patterns. Within the orbitofrontal cortex, the emotions and the thinking process combine to influence the daily decisions a person makes. Damage caused by an injury or by the growth of a lesion in it may cause changes in the behavior of a person. Behavior patterns may alter because of the significant impact the cortex has on the valuation of actions, objects, or people.
