冷嘲热讽的正确姿势

Irony翻译成中文是“反讽”，所谓“反讽”，核心就在这个“反”opposite，即你所见到的，所感受到的，与原来期望的相反。比如某个反盗版联盟登的广告，其中竟然用了盗版来的图，这就是“反讽”；又如一本减肥的书的作者，竟然是个胖子。因此，反讽并不存在“攻击”对方，而是从对立的效果中发掘好笑的元素。E.g. Bill Hillmann, the author of multiple books about how to not get gored by bulls was the only non-Spaniard to get gored in the 2014 running of the bulls in Pamplona.

Satire 的意思是“讽刺”，即用愚蠢或夸张的动作拿某人开涮，政治人物往往是satire的对象。E.g. This novel is a stinging satire on American politics.

Sarcasm则是 “挖苦”之意，通常是用语言进行挖苦。E.g. Trump later tried to portray his remarks as sarcasm, but given his popularity with some Americans, health officials expressed concern his remarks would persuade some people to poison themselves.

需要注意，Satire和sarcasm虽然都有“讥讽”的含义，但是sarcasm 仅仅是一种mental attitude, 而Satire则被看成是具有创意的讥讽…is looked upon as creativity/constructive，作者常常因其敏锐的、对荒谬或愚蠢的发现而广受尊敬，比如卓别林拍摄的《大独裁者》就是对纳粹的satire，你就不能说是sarcasm.

Mockery 是通过贬低对方来进行“嘲讽” (注意关键词“贬低”) Mockery is a cowardly way to attack someone in hopes to degrade them.与satire不一样，mockery没有任何的constructive，而全是destructive，与ridicule, scorn是同义词 E.g. She couldn’t stand any more of their mockery.