《财经金融翻译：阐释与实践》Part II Chapter 7 笔记
第二部分 银行服务
第7章 贷款及信用卡服务
1. 概论
贷款用途：消费贷款与生产贷款
贷款性质：有担保贷款与无担保贷款
银行向借款人贷款时，如款额宠大，一般要求借款人提供抵押品，以作担保，称为“有担保贷款”或“有抵押贷款”。
贷款方法：定期贷款、活期贷款与循环贷款
所谓“定期贷款”，指贷款时设有同定偿还期限，并按照还款期的长短，分为短期贷款、中期贷款及长期贷款。
“活期贷款”则在贷款时不设还款期限，银行在资金充裕时，可任由客户除 贷，但当银根短绌时，则可随时向借款人发出通知，收回款项。
另一种较常见的贷款方式是“循环贷款”。按照这类贷款方式，银行与借 款人订立协议，让借款人于指定期限内，以双方协议的金额为上限，不时提取 所需金钱，而利息方面，一般只计算借款人所提取的金额。
常见的还款方法也包括两种，一种是在还款期届满的若十日后才开始计算 利息，如信用卡贷款就在借款人未能如期还款当日起开始计算利息。
另一种还款方法则在还款期尚未届满之前，已经需要借款人分期偿还利 息，如楼宇按揭服务就采取这种方法来收取还款。
2. 相关的翻译方法及技巧
一般来说，广吿可分为两类：一类称为“硬销”类广传(hard sell)，主要透 过陈述事实来游说读者，例如籍着科学研究报吿或实验结果，标榜商品的优点。由于这类广吿以叙述事实为主，因此属于信息类文章。故翻译时，译者可 以箸重原文所要表达的信息，换句话说，译者应偏向以原文为依归。
另一类广吿称为“软卖型”广吿（soft sell)，1主要透过语言修辞手法来感染读者，刺激读者的消费及购买意欲。为吸引读者，“软卖型”广吿一般较讲究语言效果，甚至刻意玩弄词藻，例如铸造新词、运用双关语等。这类广吿最大特点是其“呼唤功能”，侧重语言对读者所产生的效果。因此，翻译时要考虑到广吿的效果以及读者的反应，应以译文为依归，在需要时，甚至可较大幅 度地偏离原文，以改写的手法来翻译。
“广吿” 一词源于拉丁语“Advetteze” ，其后被借用及转换成为英文 “Advertise”，意指“注意”、“诱导”等。2换言之，广吿的目的就是要让大众 认识、接受及购买所推销的商品。
同咅同形异义词（homonym)
同形异音异义词（homograph)
同音异形异义词（homophone)
3. 常用词汇与短语
常用词汇
Annualized percentage rate 实际年利率
Best lending rate 最优惠利率
Cash advance 现金透支
Clean credit 无抵押信贷服务
Contracted VISA merchant outlets VISA特约商号
Contribution history 供款纪录
Credit limit 信贷额
Down payment 首期
Flexible repayment schedule 弹性还款期
Guarantor 担保人
Interest-free repayment period 免息还款期
Loan confirmation advice 贷款确认书
Loan disbursement date 放款曰
Loan repayment capacity 还款能力
Loan to valuation ratio 贷款与估值比率
Minimal premium 最低保费
Mortgage 按揭契约
Notice of Assessment for Tax 评税通知书
Online disbursement 网上提款
Passbook 存折
Principal / primary card 主卡
Repayment in fixed monthly instalments 每月还款额
Revolving cash 循环现金
Salary slip 薪金单
Secured credit 有抵押信贷服务
Security 抵押品
Supplementary / additional card 附属卡
常用短语
3-year annual fee waiver 豁免三年年费
Cash coupons at renowned establishments 名店现金券
Cutting down heavy interest expenses immediately 实时停止支付高息
Detailed asset allocation recommendations 详尽资产分布建议
Having a credit card outstanding of HK$50,000 欠卡数HK$50,000
Interest at a rate as low as only 6% per annum above our Best Lending Rate 年息可低至最优惠利率加6%
Interests calculated on a daily basis 逐日计息
No fixed repayment schedule 不预设全数还款期限
No minimum repayment requirement 不设最低还款额
Risk tolerance and financial need 能承受风险的程度和财务需要
Tailor-make a suitable financing package 度身剪裁最恰当的融资组合
The minimum payment which shall be determined by the Bank as its sole and absolute discretion ... 本银行有绝对权利自行 订定最低付款额之数S。
Trim down unnecessary interest expenses 避免不必要的利息支出
4. 实例精译精解
Platinum, glamorous and precious, is a symbol of your prestigious status.
Dah Sing Platinum Card, reserved for the very selected few, opens up a world of supreme privileges.
As a discerning elite, you deserve the unsurpassed benefits and personal attention which Dah Sing Platinum Card brings you.'
白金，闪烁璀璨，弥足珍贵，是尊贵人士的身份象征。
阁下地位显赫优越，成就卓尔不凡，惟有大新白金卡带您进入尊贵权益的新领域，让您体验非凡卓越的理财便利及个人服务，独享惟裇少数人士可拥有的专利。
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'The new Dah Sing Credit Card comes on stage with colorful, flashy card designs and is committed to provide card members with fabulous privileges. Whenever you shop,2 dine or even travel with Dah Sing Credit Card, you will enjoy series of heart-stirring Jetso Offers!
全新形象嘅大新信用卡现已隆重登场！四款色彩缤纷嘅卡面设计，标志着大新信用结为您四出搜罗吸精彩消费着数*无论行街Shopping、饮饮食食或者旅行消费，只要有大新信用卡，全天候嘅着数就会四方八面涌埋嚟， 挑战您心跳极限！
5. 练习
练习一：请将下文译成中文
MANHATTAN Credit Card brings you an array of exclusive privileges and benefits, including unlimited shopping pleasure, exciting entertainment and flexible spending. Enter a relaxing world and enjoy the pleasures of life! (Standard Chartered Bank)
练习一：参考译文
MANHATTAN信用卡为您带来多不胜数的专有权益与优惠，包括无尽购物 逍遥、多采多姿的消闲娱乐，以及灵活自由的消费方式，让您全然投入白我写 意空间，享受更精彩人生！
练习二： 请将下文译成中文
As a Visa Platinum cardholder，you will enjoy more of the good things in life. You can expect instant recognition of the card wherever you present it. You will receive generous discounts when you go dining and special privileges at Hong Kong’s elite golf, beauty or fitness clubs. You’ll also receive more privileges when you go shopping. Here’s a glimpse of the array of privileges that come with your HSBC Visa Platinum card. (HSBC)
练习二：参考译文
贵为白金Visa卡持卡人，得享专有优惠，备受过人礼遇，完全诠释优 质生活真意义。一张白金Visa卡在手，即可尊享高人一等的餐飨经验、会所气派及消费主义.感受源源惊喜。
练习三：请将下文译成中文
Travel abroad and give yourself a treat. Now, wherever you spend with your Dao Heng Credit Card overseas, whether you are a Classic or Gold Card Cardholder, you will be rewarded with double cash rebates or bonus points. Spending with the card will definitely be a much more rewarding experience. (Dao Heng)
练习三：参考译文
海外消费的种种满足，道亨信用卡实时为您送上。以后无论阁下凭道亨 普通卡或道亨金卡于海外谷账亦可享获双倍积分或现金回赠，令您消费更尽 情、更兴奋！
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