Naval Ravikant教你如何财务自由

这是我根据naval的how to get rich博文，整理的个人笔记，记下了我认为的要点，和大家分享。他的观点我基本都认同并且在实践，如果你聪明且包容并有意赚钱，这些观点相信对你一样不陌生。看这些文字，更多的是给自己坚定的力量，是为了收获异类遇见异类的欢喜。

原文看完大概需要4小时，推荐大家根据自己的情况跳读，比如很多观念我很认同的，我就会跳过。

Naval Ravikant是谁？

Naval Ravikant是一位印度裔美国企业家和投资人，他是AngelList的联合创始人、董事长和前CEO。他是AngelList的联合创始人、董事长和前CEO。[1]他在早期阶段投资了200多家公司，包括Uber、FourSquare、Twitter、Wish.com、Poshmark、Postmates、Thumbtack、Notion、SnapLogic、Opendoor、Stack Overflow、OpenDNS、Yammer和Clearview AI等，总共退出了70多家公司，并投资了10多家独角兽（金融）公司 -- 维基百科。

我的原始笔记（文末有机器翻译的中文版）：

4 types of luck:

1. Blind luck
2. Luck from hustling(hard work)
3. Luck from preparation(sensitive in a specific field)
4. Luck from your unique character(your competitive point)

People busy upgrading their lifestyles just can’t fathom this freedom.People living below their means have freedom.

The Internet has massively broadened the possible space of careers

The Internet allows you to scale any niche obsession

Escape competition through authenticity

Play long-term games with long-term people

When you switch industries, you’re starting over from scratch

Long-term players make each other rich

Returns come from compound interest in iterated games

Pick business partners with high intelligence, energy and integrity

Motivation has to come intrinsically

Integrity is what someone does, despite what they say they do

Don’t partner with cynics and pessimists; their beliefs are self-fulfilling

We descended from pessimists （乐观者都被野兽吃了）

If you can outsource something for less than your hourly rate, do it （比如叫外卖）

Work as hard as you can, but what you work on and who you work with are more important

Surround yourself with the best people possible

The way people tend to work most effectively, especially in knowledge work, is to sprint as hard as they can while they feel inspired to work, and then rest. They take long breaks.

Inspiration is perishable. When you have it, seize it.

Ruthlessly cut meetings. （when you are exploiting not exploring)

People will meet with you when you have proof of work

Free your time and mind. （专注，控制社交）

Keep redefining what you do until you’re the best at what you do

Keep changing your objective until it arrives at your specific knowledge, skill sets, position, capabilities, location and interests. Your objective and skills should converge to make you number one.

Nobody can compete with you on being you.

Competition will trap you in a lesser game

Businesses that seem like they’re in direct competition really aren’t. (不是特别理解)

Apply specific knowledge, with leverage, and eventually you will get what you deserve. （ 耐心等待的意思）

The first thing you realize when you’ve made a bunch of money is that you’re still the same person. If you’re happy, you’re happy. If you’re unhappy, you’re unhappy. If you’re calm and fulfilled and peaceful, you’re still that same person. I know lots of very rich people who are extremely out of shape. I know lots of rich people who have really bad family lives. I know lots of rich people who are internally a mess.

So I think those three things—your health, your mental health and your close relationships—are things you have to cultivate. They can bring you a lot more peace and happiness than any amount of money ever will.

Find hobbies that make you rich, fit and smart

Accountability means letting people criticize you

Realize your philanthropic vision by running a business(职业辅导是不是也可以变成非盈利性，或者和政府合作，不盈利但是收入不错)

Look up the value chain to find leverage. (such as watching your boss)

Here is a good progression for a career: Start in a large company and progressively move to smaller and smaller ones. It’s very hard to go from a small company to a larger company. Larger companies tend to be more about politics than merit; they’re more stable but less innovative.

Being Ethical Is Long-Term Greedy

If you can work on incentives, don’t work on anything else.(不太懂)

When you do deals, it’s better to have the same incentives.(比如你和你的合伙人，利益份额应该是类似的)

If you’re an employee, your most important job is to think like a principal. （跨级提升的关键）

Deal with small firms to avoid the principal-agent problem

Nassim Taleb famously talks about ergodicity, which is a fancy word for a simple concept: What is true for 100 people on average isn’t the same as one person averaging that same thing 100 times.

People who can’t communicate can cooperate by anticipating the other person’s actions.(比如竞争对手定了相同的价格避免了竞争)

Mutual trust makes it easy to do business

It’s better to have a few compounding relationships than many shallow ones

It takes just as much effort to create a small business as a large one. So think big.

You have to rent your time to get started, especially in a filed, usually new, where people still don't know how to train employees in scales and only teach things through apprenticeship.

Judgment takes experience. Leverage is something that society gives you after you’ve demonstrated judgment. You build specific knowledge by taking accountability for things that other people don’t know how to do.

Specific knowledge can be timely or timeless. Timeless knowledge is more valuable but more general so need to be stacked with some other skills to create the specific knowledge you're good at.

If you don’t have accountability, do something different

You develop thick-skin if you take on accountability.

Specific knowledge comes on the job, not in a classroom.Another good indicator of specific knowledge is when someone can’t give a straight answer to the question: “What do you do every day?”

------------------中文版，翻译自deepl------------------------

4种运气。

1. 盲目的运气

2. 勤劳的运气

3. 运气来自于准备(在特定领域的敏感度)

4. 运气来自于你独特的性格(你的竞争点)

忙于升级生活方式的人们，就是无法理解这种自由.生活在自己能力范围以下的人有自由。

互联网极大地拓宽了职业的可能空间。

互联网让你可以扩展任何小众的困扰

通过真实性逃避竞争

与长期合作的人玩长期游戏

当你转行的时候，你就会从头开始。

长线玩家互相致富

回报来自于迭代游戏中的复利。

挑选高智商、高能量、高诚信的商业伙伴。

动机必须是内在的

诚信是一个人的所作所为，尽管他们说他们做了什么。

不要与愤世嫉俗和悲观主义者合作，他们的信念是自我实现的。

我们是悲观主义者的后代（乐观者都被野兽吃了）。

如果你能以低于时薪的价格外包，就去做吧（比如叫外卖）。

尽可能地努力工作，但你的工作内容和你的工作对象更重要。

尽可能与最好的人在一起

人们往往最有效的工作方式，特别是在知识工作中，就是在感到工作灵感的同时，尽力冲刺，然后休息。他们的休息时间很长。

灵感是易逝的。当你拥有它时，要抓住它。

无情地削减会议。(当你在利用而不是探索的时候)

只要你有工作证明，人家就会跟你见面的。

释放您的时间和思想。 （专注，控制社交

不断重新定义你所做的事情，直到你成为你所做的最好的人。

不断改变你的目标，直到它到达你的具体知识、技能、职位、能力、位置和兴趣。你的目标和技能应该趋于一致，使你成为第一。

没有人可以和你竞争做你自己。

竞争会让你陷于较小的游戏中。

看似直接竞争的企业，其实不是。(不是特别理解)

运用具体的知识，加上杠杆作用，最终你会得到你应得的东西。耐心等待的意思

当你赚了一堆钱的时候，你会发现，你还是那个人。如果你快乐，你就快乐。如果你不快乐，你就不快乐。如果你平静、满足、安宁，你还是那个人。我认识很多很有钱的人，他们的身材极度走样。我认识很多有钱人，他们的家庭生活非常糟糕。我知道很多有钱人内心很乱。

所以我觉得这三样东西--你的健康、你的心理健康和你的亲密关系--是你必须要培养的。它们能给你带来的平静和幸福，比任何金钱都要多得多。

找到能让你变得富有、健康和聪明的兴趣爱好

责任心就是让别人批评你

实现你的慈善愿景，经营一个企业(职业辅导是不是也可以变成非盈利性，或者和政府合作，不盈利但是收入不错)

从价值链上找杠杆。(比如看你的老板)

这里是一个很好的职业发展方向。从大公司开始，逐步向小公司发展。从小公司到大公司是很难的。大公司往往更注重政治而非功绩，它们更稳定，但创新能力较差。

做人要有道德，长期贪婪

如果你能在激励机制上下功夫，就不要在其他方面下功夫了。(不太懂)

当你做交易的时候，最好有同样的激励措施。(比如你和你的合伙人，利益份额应该是类似的)

如果你是一名员工，你最重要的工作是像校长一样思考。跨级提升的关键

与小公司打交道要避免委托人-代理人问题

纳西姆-塔勒布（Nassim Taleb）有句名言：[ergodicity](https://medium.com/incerto/the-logic-of-risk-taking-107bf41029d3)，这是一个简单概念的花哨词汇。对100个人平均来说是真实的事情 和一个人把同样的事情平均100次是不一样的。

不能沟通的人可以通过预测对方的行动来进行合作。(比如竞争对手定了相同的价格避免了竞争)

相互信任让生意更容易做

有几个复合关系总比很多浅层次的关系要好得多。

创造一个小企业和一个大企业一样需要付出努力。所以要想大。

你要租你的时间来起步，特别是在一个备案，通常是新的，大家还不知道如何培训员工的尺度，只能通过学徒制来教东西。

判断是需要经验的。杠杆是你表现出判断力后，社会给你的东西。你通过对别人不知道怎么做的事情负责来建立具体的知识。

具体知识可以是及时的，也可以是永恒的。时效性的知识更有价值，但更具有普遍性，所以需要和其他一些技能叠加，才能创造出你所擅长的特定知识。

如果你没有责任心，就做一些不同的事情吧

如果你承担了责任，你就会培养出厚脸皮。

具体的知识来自于工作中，而不是在课堂上。