2021/7/11 心理学翻译学习
Ellis Albert 美国心理学家
发展历程：
ABC理论---Rational Therapy---Rational Emotive Therapy---Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT)
主要理论：
他认为人的情绪和行为障碍不是由于某一激发事件直接所引起，而是由于经受这一事件的个体对它不正确的认知和评价所引起的信念，最后导致在特定情景下的情绪和行为后果，这就称为ABC理论。
不合理信念的几个特征是：绝对化的要求demandingness、过分概括化overgeneralization、糟糕至极awfulizing。
理论特点：
- 人本主义倾向。RET信赖、重视个人自己的意志，理性选择的作用，强调人能够“自己救自己”，而不必仰赖魔法、上帝或超人的力量。
- 教育的倾向。RET有很浓厚的教育色彩。也可以说它是一种教育的治疗模式。强调理性、认知的作用。在RET的治疗中，总是把认知矫正摆在最突出的位置，给予最优先的考虑。
Assertiveness: Non-violent communication.
When you... I feel... I need you to ... so that I can...
马斯洛、罗杰斯：人本主义humanistic psychology.
Rogers: person-centered therapy: Clients know how to self heal.
人性本善，恶是环境影响的结果。
Client-centered therapy is non-directive; the therapist listens to the client without judgement, allowing the client to come to insights by themselves.[48] The therapist should ensure that all of the client's feelings are being considered and that the therapist has a firm grasp on the concerns of the client while ensuring that there is an air of acceptance and warmth.[5] Client-centered therapist engages in active listening during therapy sessions.[48]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanistic_psychology#Approaches
Other approaches include:
Existential psychotherapy: Irvin Yalom
Gestalt therapy: typical method: The empty chair technique 空椅子
Also part of the range of humanistic psychotherapy are concepts from depth therapy, holistic health, encounter groups, sensitivity training, marital and family therapies, body work, the existential psychotherapy of Medard Boss,[4] and positive psychology.
Non-violent communication by Rosenburg
Skinner's Behaviorist psychology
Freud and Jung's psychoanalysis
