赖世雄经典语法 关系词 笔记整理

关系代词

原则：先行词；主、宾、表；否则介词

• 限制和非限的区别:

He is a man, who likes to read. （他是个男人，他喜欢读书）-》我是nc

He is a man who lkes to read （他是个爱看书的男人）

• 关系代词省略：及物动词宾语
• that

无介词

无逗号

只能用that:

序数词 the last; first;

最高级 the best

the very 表强调 He is the very man that I met yesterday

the only He is the only boy that I've met.（吓人）

all

避免重复

表明身份: He is not the man that he once was (instead of what)

限定可简化分词

The girl who danced here yesterday is my sister= The girl dancing here yesterday is my isster

插入语不影响

关系代词所有格

whose,

I like this school, whose faculty and facilities are top-notch;

=I like this school, of which faculty and facilities are top notch

关系副词

• where= in which
• when= on/at/in which
• why= for which修饰reason

I do not know the reason why(/for which) he cried.

• The way in which= the way=how

I am sick of the way how （❌）

• when,why可省略, where不可以

I shall never forget the day (when) he came.

The moment= as soon as

关系指示代词

复合关系代词

however***

No matter how he is nice= howver he is nice

准关系代词 （than/as/but）

准关系代词的形成条件： 1） Than, as, but 2) 先行词名词

Than/As= than/as+the+前面名词+关系代词= than the money who

THAN 谓语不许省略。

• 主

I have more money than (the money which) is needed.

• 宾:

I have more money than (the money which) he needs.

• 表:

He is a better student than (the student who) you are.

AS(表的情况省略be)

the same as （两个) the same that（一个） 1) Such... as such like去死吧。

I don't like such a man as (the man who) tell lies.

I respect such a man as (the man whom) you described. In our company there is not such a man as (the man that) David (is).

2) The same n. as

I have the same book as (the book that) is laid on the desk.

I have the same dictionary as (the dictionary that) you bought yesterday.

I have the same dictionary as (the dictionary that) this one (is).

3) As adj n. as

As替代主句

He is nice, which/as is known to us.

He is nice, as (was) mentioned before.

BUT

but= who/which... not

• There is no +名词+ but 助动词保留

There is no one but is interested in it.

= There is no one who is not interested in it.

There is no book which he does not like to read=

= There is no book but he likes to read.