美国远东司司长霍恩贝克 AKA 斯坦利·亨培克Stanley Kuhl Hornbeck
Stanley Kuhl Hornbeck (May 4, 1883 – December 10, 1966)
美国远东司事务长霍恩贝克
也被翻译成 斯坦利·亨培克,比如下面的论文
斯坦利·亨培克与美国对华政策(1931-1941)研究 余伟伟, 浙江师范大学 , 世界史,
In November 1941, contemptuous of the Japanese capacity to challenge US strength, Hornbeck dismissed the fears of a young Foreign Service officer, Charles W. Yost, that Japan might initiate war out of desperation over the oil embargo imposed by the United States. Then, ten days before the attack on Pearl Harbor, (珍珠港事件12月7日凌晨)after drafting with Secretary of State Cordell Hull a hardline memo laying down conditions for relaxation of the sanctions, Hornbeck wagered that Japan would relent and that war was not imminent. The note that Hull sent the Japanese on November 26, 1941, said that Japan would have to withdraw from Southeast Asia and China before the United States would resume the oil shipments. Confident that his tough approach would cause Japan to back down, Hornbeck wrote in a memorandum the following day:
PS: 至于当日的作战方式则是在晚上离开母港,各前往集中于择捉岛南部的单冠湾[17],静候指示,一旦位在华盛顿的外交部人员谈判成功,就立即返航,否则就前往夏威夷执行攻击。攻击方式由机队指挥—渊田美津雄决定,就他在现场判断奇袭是否成功,若成功就发射1枚信号弹,由鱼雷机先进行攻击,再来是水平轰炸机,最后才是俯冲轰炸机。若美军已有准备,则是发射2枚信号弹,由俯冲轰炸机先攻击,诱出高射炮位置,再由水平轰炸机攻击。当日是否开战的决定,由东京发出密码指示。 11月17日,舰队集合于单冠湾( 单冠湾,位于千岛群岛中面积最大的择捉岛 ,当时处于日本北海道的统治之下),11月26日启航往夏威夷前进。11月20日,身在华府的日本外交官野村吉三郎和来栖三郎与美国国务卿科德尔·赫尔递交“谈判最后方案”,赫尔的回应则是拒绝此方案。
12月2日上午10点30分,日本国会正式做出了宣战决定。当天南云于日本时间下午5点30分收到了“登上新高山”(指台湾玉山)与“1208”[注 1]的指令,“新高山”即指开战决定,1208则为日本预定的攻击时间。