Wikipedia条目翻译 - 狗脸（军事俚语）

Dogface (military)

“狗脸”是美国陆军士兵的绰号，尤指士兵军衔的步兵。该绰号在二战期间广泛流传开来。

历史

指代美军士兵的“狗脸”绰号最早于1935年出现在印刷品上。当时的报纸对绰号来历的解释是士兵们“戴狗牌，睡在小狗帐篷[pup tents，小型帐篷]里，总在嗥叫着些什么”以及“陆军过的就是狗的日子…他们需要我们时就会吹哨”。美陆军第89步兵师二战老兵Phillip Levesque曾写道，“我们浑身肮脏，又冷又湿，就像猎鸭犬[duck hunting dog]，他们严厉、大声地发号施令，好像我们就是缺练的狗”。

二战期间，该绰号逐渐成为陆军士兵们自封的爱称（term of endearment），其他人（比如美海军陆战队人员）叫他们“狗脸”则是侮辱。

在媒体中

Bill Mauldin所作漫画《Up Front》中有两名普通陆军步兵Willie和Joe，他们也是“狗脸”一名逐渐流行起来的原因之一。该漫画于1940-43年连载于《第45师新闻》（45th Division News），在《星条旗报》上一直连载至1948年。

1942年，美陆军航空军两名人员Bert Gold和Ken Hart发行了一首叫“狗脸士兵”（The Dogface Soldier）的歌曲，一家报纸称其为“真正的散兵坑民谣”。该歌曲后成为第3步兵师的主旋律，还出现在1955年电影《百战荣归》（To Hell and Back）中，该片主演是曾服役于陆军第3师的奥迪·墨菲（Audie Murphy）。同年，《百战荣归》插曲《狗脸士兵》（Russ Morgan演唱）成为全美排名第30的热门歌曲。

参考资料

· Ruane, Michael E. (December 21, 2021). "Another Side of the 'Greatest Generation'". The Santa Fe New Mexican. p. B4.

· Sexton, Donald J. (2009). The Western European and Mediterranean Theaters in World War II. New York: Routledge. p. 432. ISBN 978-0-415-95769-4.

· Mitgang, Herbert (2004). Newsmen in Khaki: Tales of a World War II Soldier Correspondent. Lanham, Maryland: Taylor Trade Publishing. p. 100. ISBN 1-58979-094-4.

· Siegel, Alice; McLoone, Margo (1992). The Information Please Kids' Almanac!. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 300. ISBN 0-395-64737-1.

· Mickel, Merlin (July 21, 1935). "Army's a Trade, Reporter Finds". The Des Moines Register. p. 11. Soldier—dogface.

· "Service Humor". Army Navy Journal. November 9, 1935. p. 8.

· "What 'Outfit' Means". The Bangor Daily News. November 16, 1940. p. 10.

· "Yanks from the Camps". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. February 20, 1944. p. 8.

· Leveque, Phillip. "ASTP: Alchemy for a Foxhol—A Salute to the ASTP Men". 89th Infantry Division of World War II. Retrieved December 5, 2023.

· "If You Know English Then Try Your Hand at Telling the Boys What a 'Kiwi' and a 'Dodo' Do in the Army". The Albuquerque Tribune. September 12, 1941. p. 4. Dogface—an enlisted man's name for himself, an insult if used by others.

· Middleton, Drew (October 2, 1941). "U.S. Armed Forces Land in Iceland". The Knoxville Journal. The Associated Press. p. 11. ...the American Marines—who call the soldiers 'dogfaces' and bark at them when they go to post...

· Buchwald, Art (February 17, 1962). "Marines Stupid? Gung Ho Ho Ho!". Los Angeles Times. p. 11. What do you call the enemy?" "Dogfaces.

· Leckie, Robert (2010). Helmet for My Pillow: From Parris Island to the Pacific. New York: Bantam Books. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-553-59331-0. I was a marine...I would speak disparagingly of soldiers as 'dog-faces'...

· Asahina, Robert (2006). Just Americans: How Japanese Americans Won a War at Home and Abroad. New York: Gotham. p. 124–125. ISBN 1-592-40198-8.

· Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The University of Michigan Press. p. 401. ISBN 978-0-4721-1756-7.

· "The Third Division's Song". The Cincinnati Post. July 22, 1949. p. 17.

· Jeffers, H. Paul (2008). Command of Honor: General Lucian Truscott's Path to Victory in World War II. New York: NAL Caliber. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-451-22402-6.

· Whitburn, Joel (2010). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits (9 ed.). New York: Billboard Books. p. 454. ISBN 978-0-8230-8554-5.